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SPPH 300 Module Quizzes
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Perguntas do quiz (100)
1What was the #1 risk factor for global DALYs in 2010?
- ADrug Use
- BHigh Blood Pressure
- CLow Physical Activity
- DTobacco Smoking
2
Infectious diseases kill more people every year than noncommunicable diseases do.- ATrue
- BFalse
3Which of the following can facilitate analysis of the relationship between population health and spatial data?
- AThe Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS)
- BGeographic Information Systems (GIS)
- CThe Routine Health Information Network (RHINO)
- DThe National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
4According to the article, which of the following is NOT one of the three global drivers of rapid transitions in global health?
- AChanges in causes of death
- BChanges in causes of disability
- CDemographic changes
- DMigration
5How many Sustainable Development Goals are there?
- A10
- B15
- C17
- D20
6Which of the following MDG targets have been met?
- AHIV
- BTB
- CMalaria
- DAll of the above
7What component of the United Nations authorizes the adoption of international development goals, including the SDGs and the MDGs?
- AThe General Assembly
- BThe Secretariat
- CThe Security Council
- DThe Trusteeship Council
8Approximately how many Global Health Initiatives (GHIs) currently exist?
- A20
- B50
- C100
- D200
9What is the number one cause of death throughout the world?
- AHIV/AIDS
- BIschemic Heart Disease
- CMalnutrition
- DCancer
10Which of the following is a key difference between global health estimates that come from UN Agencies compared to those from academic institutions?
- AAmount of time taken for analysis
- BDegree of rigor
- CReputation of the authors
- DUnderlying data source
11_______ describes “the freedom, scope, and mechanisms that governments have to choose, design and implement public policies to fulfill their aims”
- AChronicity
- BFree will
- CPolicy capacity
- DPolicy space
12International travel with the purpose of seeking medical care, including surgeries, is rare and does not significantly contribute to the global spread of infections.
- ATrue
- BFalse
13What is the main source of healthcare financing in low income countries?
- APrivate prepaid plans
- BOut of pocket spending
- CSocial health insurance
- DTerritorial government
14International trade mainly impacts infectious disease transmission, and has little effect on the global spread of chronic diseases.
- ATrue
- BFalse
15______ is a worldwide communication and data collection network of travel and tropical medicine clinics started more than a decade ago that systematically gathers information on ill international travelers and migrants.
- AThe GeoSentinel Network
- BThe Centers for Disease Control
- CThe Global Burden of Disease
- DThe Travelers Illness Database
16 As of 2015, how many countries did not meet the 2006 World Health Report threshold of 22.8 skilled health professionals per 10 000 population?
- A103
- B83
- C63
- D43
17During the 1980s and 1990s, international financial institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), embraced a set of economic policies known as:
- Athe Kyoto Protocol
- Bthe North American Free Trade Agreement
- Cthe Paris Agreement
- Dthe Washington Concensus
18The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) came out of the:
- AAlma Ata Conference
- BGeneva Conference
- CBretton Woods Negotiations
- DParis Agreement
19Globally, approximately how many people are pushed below the poverty line each year due to spending on healthcare?
- A500 million
- B100 million
- C50 million
- D1 million
20The global deficit of health workers is approximately:
- A10.2 million
- B7.2 million
- C5.2 million
- D1.2 million
21What pollutant affects more people than any other type?
- ANitrogen dioxide
- BOzone
- CParticulate matter
- DSulfur dioxide
22What percentage of Canadian households is estimated to experience food insecurity?
- A12%
- B9%
- C6%
- D3%
23The right of peoples and sovereign states to democratically determine their own agricultural and food policies is known as:
- AFood policy
- BFood safety
- CFood security
- DFood sovereignty
24Unfair systematic differences in health that are judged to be avoidable by reasonable action are known as:
- ASocial determinant of health
- BHealth inequity
- CHealth circumstances
- DLived experience
25The valued social networks and reciprocal social bonds that sustain human engagement and cooperation are known as:
- Acommunities of care
- Bthe human connection
- Csocial capital
- Dsystems of value
26The World Health Organization estimates that the majority (80%) of outdoor air pollution-related premature deaths are the result of:
- AEmphysema
- BLower respiratory infections
- CLung cancer
- DIschemic heart disease or stroke
27True or False: Both of the global Millenium Development Goal (MDG) targets for drinking water and sanitation were met.
- ATrue
- BFalse
28Which of the following is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
- AAge
- BDisability
- CEducation
- DIncome status
29_____ refers to the idea that each culture has developed its own ways of solving the problems of how to live together, obtain the essentials of life--such as food and shelter--and explain phenomena.
- ACultural appropriation
- BCultural competence
- CCultural relativism
- DCultural safety
30The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions is known as:
- AEducation level
- BEmpowerment
- CHealth literacy
- DIndividual agency
31Which of the following is NOT a major provider of funding for global health?
- AGovernments
- BPrivate Foundations
- CIndividuals
- DBusinesses/ the private sector
- ENon-governmental Organizations (NGOs)
32Who was the first director general of the World Health Organization (WHO)?
- AHiroshi Nakajima
- BBrock Chisholm
- CMarcolino Candau
- DMargaret Chan
33Under the governance principles of the UN system, _______ functions as the central governing body of the World Health Organization and is responsible for appointing the Director General, overseeing all major decision making, and approving the program budget.
- AThe Economic and Social Council
- BThe General Assembly
- CThe Secretariat
- DThe World Health Assembly
34The bilateral aid agency of the United Kingdom is called:
- AThe Department for International Development (DFID)
- BThe United Agency for International Development (UAID)
- CThe Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade, and Development (DFATD)
- DNone of the above
35The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an example of which of the following:
- AA bilateral aid agency
- BA global health partnership (GHP)
- CAn inter-governmental organization
- DA private foundation
36A large number of global health actors support the sharing of intellectual property, guideline development, and surveillance activities.
- ATrue
- BFalse
37The network of transnational actors that have a primary intent to improve health and the polylateral arrangements for governance, finance and delivery within which these actors operate is known as:
- AThe Global Health System
- BThe World Health Organization
- CThe International Health Network
- DThe Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations
38The Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) was founded before the World Health Organization (WHO).
- ATrue
- BFalse
39Which foundation was a significant player in international health in the early 20th century?
- ABloomberg Philanthropies
- BThe Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- CThe McKnight Foundation
- DThe Rockefeller Foundation
40The Roll Back Malaria (RBM) Partnership was initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, UNDP, and the World Bank. When was RBM founded?
- A1975
- B1988
- C1998
- D2015
41The process by which populations shift from high rates of infectious disease and short life expectancies to increasing rates of chronic non-communicable diseases that have time to develop over longer life expectancies is known as: ______.
- ADevelopment
- BThe epidemiologic transition
- CThe health transition
42Which of the following is essential for a successful multicultural collaboration?
- AGeographic proximity
- BShared beliefs and values
- CShared language
- DShared purpose
43Critical reflectivity is a highly structured process that should be practiced according to specific guides.
- ATrue
- BFalse
44People or groups that are indirectly affected, either positively or negatively, by an effort or the actions of an agency, institution, or organization are known as:
- AKey stakeholders
- BPrimary stakeholders
- CSecondary stakeholders
- DNon-stakeholders
45To build trust, what should be the first task of any public health intervention?
- AEstablish clear communication channels with the media
- BSeek permission and get buy-in from local authorities
- CReach out to local communities
46_______ is an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide while emphasizing transnational health issues, determinants, and solutions, involving many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, and synthasizing population based prevention with individual-level clinical care.
- AGlobal Health
- BPublic Health
- CInternational Health
47Individuals and groups who have an interest or share responsibilities in a given issue, such as policymakers, community leaders, special groups, and community members are known as:
- AStakeholders
- BCommunities
- CVulnerable populations
48Which of the following is NOT a major macro-level challenge that global health will likely face in the next decade?
- AClimate Change
- BThe dramatic rise of infectious diseases
- CDisaster and conflict
- DLongevity and ageing
- EUrbanization
49Which of the following can lead to distrust in public health?
- ALack of understanding of cultures
- BLeadership influence
- CMyths about health
- DPoor communication
- EAll of the above
50Which of the following is NOT a goal of community engagement in research?
- ATo assess the contextual acceptability of research
- BTo avoid exploitation
- CTo bring money to communities
- DTo ensure the relevance of findings
51The balancing of the positive features and benefits of a particular intervention, policy, or research study against its negative features and effects, when deciding whether or not to implement it is known as:
- ADistributive Justice
- BEgalitarianism
- CProcedural Justice
- DProportionality
52When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
- A1968
- B1958
- C1948
- D1938
53Procedures for obtaining informed consent should always be the same, even in different cultural context, in order to maintain consistency and rigor.
- ATrue
- BFalse
54Prevention efforts that aim to shorten the duration of a condition after infection or onset are known as:
- APrimary
- BSecondary
- CTertiary
- DNone of the above
55 The primary document that governs human subjects research in Canada is:
- AThe Tri Council Policy Statement
- BThe Nuremburg Code
- CThe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine
- DAll of the above
56Colonialism plays a fundamental role in the history of the field of global public health
- ATrue
- BFalse
57 Which of the following are guidelines for the international conduct of research?
- Athe Nuremburg Code
- Bthe Bretton Woods Agreement
- Cthe Paris Declaration
- Dthe TRIPS Agreement
58Angelina is training to be a medical doctor and will be travelling to a developing country for a rotation. What are some steps that Angelina can take to help her adapt her skills to resource-limited settings?
- AAsk for guidance
- BEducate herself prior to departure
- CTravel to established programs or sites
- DAll of the above
59 According to the psychosocial model of complete patient care, physicians must address not only a patient’s physical ailments, but his psychological and social needs as well.
- ATrue
- BFalse
60 High-income countries spend about how many times more on health per capita than low-income countries?
- A20
- B50
- C100
- D200
61 Which of the following is an essential right that states must fulfill under the 'core minimum obligation'?
- AAccess to the minimum essential food which is nutritionally adequate and safe
- BAccess to shelter, housing and sanitation and an adequate supply of safe drinking water
- CThe provision of essential drugs
- DAll of the above
62Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for low- and middle-income countries to address healthcare worker migration?
- ADiversify skill-mix
- BIncrease health worker wages to match those in developed countries
- CPlace emphasis on non-wage retention strategies
- DPromote circular migration
63 Which of the following is widely considered to be the central instrument of protection of the right to health?
- AThe International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- BThe Nuremburg Code
- CThe TRIPS Agreement
- DThe Vienna Declaration
64Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria by which to evaluate the right to health--according to General Comment 14 on the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights?
- AAvailability
- BAccessability
- CAcceptability
- DQuality
- EQuantity
65
Trained and authorized health workers in communities carrying out a variety of healthcare tasks is known as _________.- ACommunity leadership
- BOffloading
- CTask sharing
- DTraditional Medicine
66_____________ is a programming strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) that was popularized in the 1970s. This strategy represented the WHO's effort to re-engage with human rights language.
- AHealth in All Policies
- BHealth for All
- CThe Declaration of Alma Ata
- DHealth as a Human Right
67
Which of the following is NOT a key principle of Community Based Participatory Research?- AContinually facilitating collaboration and partnership in each phase of the research
- BInterrogating knowledge and action
- CPartnering on the dissemination of research findings
- DResearchers clearly determine the research question before engaging the community
68The principle of _________ seeks to guarantee that human rights are exercised without discrimination of any kind based on race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status such as disability, age, marital and family status, sexual orientation and gender identity, health status, place of residence, economic and social situation.
- AAccountability
- BFairness
- CNon-discrimination
- DUniversality
69According to World Health Organization estimates, what is the minimum annual cost per person (excluding basic needs) to ensure the right to health?
- A$20 USD
- B$40 USD
- C$100USD
- D$500USD
70Systematic, plausibly avoidable differences in health, varying according to levels of social advantage, are known as:
- AHealth inequities
- BPoverty
- CDisadvantage
- DHealth differences
71The permanence of structures, roles, and processes for prolonged periods of time (sometimes despite preferable alternatives) is known as _______. This phenomena can stifle economic and health systems development, particularly when created to privilege the interests of particular groups in society.
- AOrganizational norms
- BPath dependence
- CResistance to change
- DRigidity
72Which of the following is NOT one of the seven main perspectives within the discipline of organizational studies?
- AContingency
- BComplexity
- CInstitutional
- DRelational
73_________ is an initiative that was created by The World Health Organization (WHO) to provide free access to thousands of journals for low- and middle-income institutions.
- AData Repository
- BFOSCOLLAB
- CHINARI
- DWHOLIS
74The existence of structures and processes that allow a program to leverage resources to effectively implement and maintain evidence-based policies and activities is known as:
- ASustainability capacity
- BOrganizational bandwidth
- CHealth impact synergy
- DKnowledge and information management
75Which of the following is a benefit of a community dialogue?
- ABuild the capacity of the group to act on ideas
- BFocus corporate and organizational investment towards community benefit
- CGenerate local media attention
- DAll of the above
76Which of the following is NOT an international document that is focused on the importance of country ownership in development?
- AThe Accra Agenda for Action (2008)
- BThe Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005)
- CGuidelines from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
- DThe Paris Agreement (2016)
77Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite of effective research?
- AIndividual research skills and ability
- BAppropriate infrastructure
- CRelevance to national policies
- DThe ability to contribute to global research and policy needs
- ETechnological advancements
78 A community asset can be:
- AA person
- BA physical structure
- CA community service
- DA business
- EAll of the above
79Which of the following has been a criticism of the term 'community capacity building'?
- Ait is too expensive to conduct
- Bit implies that experts ‘teach’ communities what to do
- Cit takes too much time
- Dcommunities do not want to build their own capacity
80According to The WHO European Office for Investment for Health Development, the resources that individuals and communities have at their disposal, which protect against negative health outcomes and/or promote health status are known as:
- AHealth assets
- BStrengths
- CHealth promotion skills
- DAll of the above
81What report or document is called for at the beginning of the project lifecycle?
- AProject Initiation Document (PID)
- BProject Planning Document (PPD)
- CProgress Report
- DNone of the above
82Circumstances beyond the control of the project manager or government that might impact the success of an international development project are known as _________.
- ACultural factors
- BManagerial factors
- CPhysical factors
- DNone of the above
83__________ is intended to help plan effectively for a project by breaking key tasks or activities into more manageable and smaller units of work.
- ACritical path analysis
- BGantt chart
- CResource histogram
- DWork breakdown structure (WBS)
84The specific changes in program participants’ behavior, knowledge, skills, status and level of functioning are known as __________.
- AGoals
- BObjectives
- COutcomes
- DOutputs
85Which of the following is a systematic and visual way to represent how a program works?
- AA Logic Model
- BThe Planning Cycle
- CProgram Framework
- DNone of the above
86Which of the following is a horizontal bar chart used in project scheduling?
- AA critical path analysis
- BA cost breakdown structure
- CA Gantt chart
- DA histogram
87Which of the following is a limitation of the logic model?
- AIt may be incorrect
- BEstablishing boundaries for inclusion can be a barrier
- CTime consuming to create
- DAll of the above
88As the gold standard for evidence in public health, public health interventions, priorities, and policies should always be grounded in randomized control trials.
- ATrue
- BFalse
89Which of the following is NOT a reason why the logic model is an effective tool in program design, implementation, and evaluation?
- AIt logically links activities and effects
- BIt is visually engaging
- CIt provokes thought and triggers questions
- DIt includes forces known to influence the desired outcomes
- EIt displays the 'whole picture' of what is going on with a project
90Which of the following types of statements are based on the results of Randomized Control Studies?
- APlausability statements
- BProbability statements
- CAdequacy statements
- DAll of the above
91Which of the following should NOT be included in a situation analysis?
- AA comprehensive plan for program implementation
- BFacts describing the epidemiology, demography and health status of a population
- CAn assessment of the current health situation as compared to the expectations and needs of a country
- DAn assessment of stakeholder positions
92A situation analysis is a collection of facts describing the epidemiology, demography and health status of the population.
- ATrue
- BFalse
93When should community needs and assets be assessed?
- APrior to planning a global health intervention
- BDuring program implementation
- CAt the end of a program
- DMultiple times on an ongoing basis throughout all program stages
94It is more important to assess community needs than it is to assess community assets and resources.
- AFalse
- BTrue
95Individual-level interventions are characterized by higher levels of personal interaction between the targets of the interventions and their providers and are more likely to be based on psychosocial or biomedical explanations for behavior.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
96Systems thinking is specific to the field of public health.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
97Advertisements by a national government encouraging physical activity in its populace are an example of what level of intervention?
- Aindividual level
- Borganizational level
- Ccommunity level
- Dsocietal (population) level
98An intervention to get hospitalized cancer patients to give up smoking to promote recovery from their surgery is an example of what type of health intervention?
- APrimary
- BSecondary
- CTertiary
- DNone of the above
99Community leaders and policy makers are examples of:
- AAgents of change
- BTargets of change
- CAll of the above
- DNone of the above
100Which of the following is NOT one of the four areas that a situation analysis gathers information in?
- AThe problem, its severity and its causes
- BThe people affected by the problem
- CThe broad context in which the problem exists
- DFactors inhibiting or facilitating behavior change
- EFinancial resources for potential interventions
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- SPPH 300 Module 1-10 Quizzes
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