Quiz
NMS Set 4 Quiz - The somatic, autonomic and enteric nervous systems.
Perguntas do quiz (47)
1What is important about the lateral horn in relation to motor function?
- AIt is the part of the spinal cord where motor output originates from the autonomic nervous system
- BIt carries ascending signals to the brain
- CIt is the part of the spinal cord where sensory input travels from the periphery to the motor cortex
2What is the joining of the sensory and motor fibres called (shown by the green circle)?
- ASpinal nerve
- BHybrid nerve
- CHybrid root
- DDorsal root ganglion
3The spinal cord exists between which spinal levels?
- AC1 to L2
- BC2 to L1
- CC2 to S5
- DC1 to S5
4How many spinal nerves are there in total?
- A31
- B30
- C25
- D60
5How many cervical spinal nerves are there?
- A8
- B5
- C6
- D7
6How many thoracic spinal nerves are there?
- A12
- B10
- C14
- D9
7How many lumbar spinal nerves are there?
- A5
- B10
- C12
- D3
8How many sacral spinal nerves are there?
- A5
- B4
- C8
- D12
9How many coccygeal spinal nerves are there?
- A1
- B2
- C5
- D4
10The cervical plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
- AC1-C5
- BC5-T1
- CL1-L4
- DL4-S4
11The brachial plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
- AC1-C5
- BC5-T1
- CL1-L4
- DL4-S4
12The lumbar plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
- AC1-C5
- BC5-T1
- CL1-L4
- DL4-S4
13The sacral plexus is composed of what spinal nerves?
- AC1-C5
- BC5-T1
- CL1-L4
- DL4-S4
14A dermatome is what?
- AAn area of skin with single spinal nerve innervation
- BAn area of muscle with single spinal nerve innervation
- CAn area of muscle with dual spinal nerve innervation
- DAn area of skin with dual spinal nerve innervation
15A myotome is what?
- AAn area of skin with single spinal nerve innervation
- BAn area of skin with dual spinal nerve innervation
- CAn area of muscle with single spinal nerve innervation
- DAn area of muscle with dual spinal nerve innervation
16Chickenpox may reactivate as shingles and effect particular spinal nerves, causing a rash that maps to a particular area of skin that the relevant nerve innervates (dermatome).
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
17What does the red question mark show?
- ACentral sulcus
- BLateral sulcus
- COccipital sulcus
- DPost-central gyrus
18What does the purple question mark show?
- ACentral sulcus
- BLateral sulcus
- CParieto-occipital sulcus
- DLongitudinal fissure
19What does the orange question mark show?
- AParieto-occipital sulcus
- BLateral sulcus
- CPosterior sulcus
- DLongitudinal fissure
20What is the most common neurotransmitter found at post-ganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system?
- ANoradrenaline
- BAcetylcholine
- CGlutamate
- DVasopressin
21What is the most common neurotransmitter found at post-ganglionic neurones of the parasympathetic nervous system?
- AGlutamate
- BAcetylcholine
- CNoradrenaline
- DAdrenaline
22Stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract by parasympathetic nerve fibres helps to increase gut motility.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
23What routes can a pre-ganglionic sympathetic neuron take?
- ATravel through the white ramus communicans and ascend the sympathetic chain where it will synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at a higher level
- BTravel through the white ramus communicans and descend the sympathetic chain where it will synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at a lower level
- CTravel through the white ramus communicans and synapse in the sympathetic ganglion at the same level
- DTravel through the white ramus communicans and pass through the sympathetic ganglion without synapsing
24Most organs are dual innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. They always have antagonistic effects to one another.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
25In some organs that are innervated exclusively by the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system, how is autonomic activity regulated?
- ALike a volume control
- BParasympathetic hormones circulate in the blood to counter sympathetic effects and vice versa
26What is meant by diffuse neurotransmission? Where does it occur?
- ASomatic nervous system
- BAutonomic nervous system
- CA single neuron branches into many varicosities which contain neurotransmitter that can be released to co-ordinate widespread effects
- DA single neuron releases neurotransmitter that causes an effect in one particular target
27Sympathetic activity causes vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle blood vessels.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
28Post-ganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands, part of the sympathetic nervous system, release Noradrenaline to stimulate sweat glands.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
29The SNS and PNS have an antagonistic effect on the same muscle which causes pupillary dilation and constriction respectively.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
30What receptors does Ach act at?
- AMuscarinic
- BNicotinic
- CAdrenergic
- DMonoaminergic
31What receptor does noradrenaline act at?
- ANicotinic
- BMuscarinic
- CAdrenergic
- DMonoaminergic
32Name the agonists of muscarinic receptors
- APilocarpine
- BAch
- CBethanechol
- DAtropine
- EHyoscine
- FTropicamide
33Name the competitive antagonists of muscarinic receptors
- AAtropine
- BHyoscine
- CTropicamide
- DAch
- EPilocarpine
- FBethanechol
34Name a non-competitive antagonist at nicotinic receptors
- AHexamethonium
- BPilocarpine
- CAtropine
- DAliskiren
35Noradrenaline binding at alpha adrenoreceptors causes vasoconstriction.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
36The heart contains beta 1 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the heart?
- AIncreased heart rate
- BIncreased contractility
- CDecreased heart rate
- DDecreased contractility
37The lungs contains beta 2 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the lung?
- ABronchodilation
- BBronchoconstriction
38Blood vessels may contain beta 2 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the blood vessels?
- AVasodilation
- BVasoconstriction
39The bladder contains beta 3 adrenoreceptors. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system produce in the bladder?
- ARelaxation
- BContraction
40What myenteric plexus is found between which two layers of the gastrointestinal tract?
- AMucosa
- BCircular muscle
- CLongitudinal muscle
41What submucosal plexus is found between which two layers of the gastrointestinal tract?
- AMucosa
- BCircular muscle
- CLongitudinal muscle
42The myenteric plexus is the co-ordinator of muscular reflexes such as peristalsis.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
43What excitatory neurotransmitters help to contract the gut in peristalsis (green question mark)?
- ASubstance P
- BAch
- CNO
- DVIP
- EATP
44What inhibitory neurotransmitters help to relax the gut in peristalsis (red question mark)?
- ASubstance P
- BAch
- CVIP
- DNO
- EATP
45The submucosal plexus co-ordinates secretory enzyme and acid release in response to...
- AMechanical distension
- BChemical detection
- CPressure detection
46The CNS can influence the ENS.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
47The myenteric plexus releases vasoactive substances.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
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