EBM2 MST

Question 1

Systematic Reviews are rated as the ‘highest level of evidence’ in the evidence hierarchy pyramid.

Answer

true

Question 2

The Cochrane Library is a database of systematic reviews and meta-­‐analyses.

Answer

true

Question 3

Using one database to search for information is best as this ensures you don’t mix your results.

Answer

true

Question 4

PubMed only provides abstracts which are useful to then search for relevant studies elsewhere.

Answer

true

Question 5

Common Boolean logic terms consist of AND, WITH & OR

Answer

true

Question 6

There is no need to read the whole article because abstracts provide a complete summary of the content within.

Answer

true

Question 7

Searching different databases with the same terms provides the same results.

Answer

true

Question 8

Because they are often conducted with blinding, Randomised Control Trials (RCTs) provide the highest level of evidence. Because of this, using the filter to restrict results to only show RCTs provides you with the best evidence.

Answer

true

Question 9

The use of the ‘OR’ operator narrows the amount of titles found.

Answer

true

Question 10

‘Exploding’ a heading removes that heading from the search results.

Answer

true

Question 11

MeSH terms are not always picked up when entered, so it is important to check and see that relevant items are being included.

Answer

true

Question 12

PICO is the most reliable format for conducting a search as it highlights the keywords that can be entered into databases.

Answer

true

Question 13

Before using a database, it is a good idea to research the terms to find possible synonyms.

Answer

true

Question 14

Before using a database, it is a good idea to research the terms to find possible synonyms.

Answer

true

Question 15

The Cochrane Library provides access to Cochrane Systematics Reviews and to other forms of literature.

Answer

true

Question 16

The library subscriptions provide access to more full text articles so logging in furthers your reach for finding good evidence.

Answer

true

Question 17

Databases are a tool for finding information, but it is important to familiarise yourself with different databases to make searching as efficient as possible.

Answer

true

Question 18

Using MeSH terms searches for like-terms and increases the chances that important research is captured.

Answer

true

Question 19

Having a systematic approach to searching for evidence is a good way to ensure that you are not overwhelmed with information.

Answer

true

Question 20

P values provide clinicians and patients with the information they most need.

Answer

true

Question 21

Clinicians do not need to use confidence intervals to properly use research results in decision making processes.

Answer

true

Question 22

Narrow Confidence intervals result from a large sample size and events which provide, a definitive conclusion about recommending therapy.

Answer

true

Question 23

Statistical significance questions whether confidence intervals exclude the null value.

Answer

true

Question 24

Statistical significance is used to inform clinical significance.

Answer

true

Question 25

Treatments becomes clinically significant because the difference between treatments is statistically significant.

Answer

true

Question 26

Clinical significance can be inferred from statistical significance if P value is ≥0.05

Answer

true

Question 27

The P value measures the strength of the evidence that supports the null hypothesis.

Answer

true

Question 28

Clinical significance asks whether any of the values in the confidence interval are big enough to care about

Answer

true

Question 29

Huge samples create a more accurate P value.

Answer

true

Question 30

P values are a tool for separating real effects from chance.

Answer

true

Question 31

For studies with a negative result, clinicians should examine the lower boundary of the confidence interval.

Answer

true

Question 32

To determine if the sample size in a study is inadequate, you examine the lower boundary of the confidence interval.

Answer

true

Question 33

If the confidence interval overlaps the smallest treatment benefit, the study is not definitive and a larger study is needed.

Answer

true

Question 34

P values ≤ 0.05 indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis with 95% certainty.

Answer

true

Question 35

P values ≥0.05 indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis with 95% certainty.

Answer

true

Question 36

Primary sources are the best source of information to use when conduction a search.

Answer

true

Question 37

The PICO format is best technique used in evidenced based medicine to frame and answer for a clinical question.

Answer

true

Question 38

Wikipedia is one of these best databases to use.

Answer

true

Question 39

Combining searches is an effective way at finding relevant information to a clinical question.

Answer

true

Question 40

When searching a database filters narrow the search to clinically important articles.

Answer

true

Question 41

Databases allow you to choose which article types you want to search for.

Answer

true

Question 42

When searching PubMed with a single term into the search box it automatically carries out both a textword and thesaurus search.

Answer

true

Question 43

When having found a useful article in PubMed there is a related hyperlink that searches for similar items within the database.

Answer

true

Question 44

Medline is the leading resource for systemic reviews.

Answer

true

Question 45

The Cochrane library has a wide range of study types

Answer

true

Question 46

The best way to search a database is to type in your complete question

Answer

true

Question 47

When searching PubMed, the researcher must enter in all related terms as there is no textword or thesaurus search function

Answer

true

Question 48

The P in PICO stands for population/patient.

Answer

true

Question 49

Databases like PubMed, Medline and CINAHL allow you to search for studies within specific years.

Answer

true

Question 50

A good literature search shouldn’t include unpublished work and studies with negative findings.

Answer

true

Question 51

You only have to use 1 database when trying to answer a clinical question.

Answer

true

Question 52

Confidence intervals are the range within which the true treatment effect might plausibly lie, when given the trial data.

Answer

true

Question 53

In regards to confidence intervals, greater precision results from smaller sample sizes and small numbers of events.

Answer

true

Question 54

When clinicians are trying to determine whether a trial with a positive effect is sufficiently large, they should focus on the upper boundary of the confidence interval.

Answer

true

Question 55

A P value of equal to or less than 0.05 tells us that we can rule out the null effect/hypothesis with 95% certainty.

Answer

true

Question 56

P values are not usually helpful for studies with large sample sizes.

Answer

true

Question 57

Clinical significance asks whether any of the values in the confidence interval are big enough to care about.

Answer

true

Question 58

Statistical significance can be inferred from clinical significance.

Answer

true

Question 59

If the statistical power of a study is increased, the sample size is also increased.

Answer

true

Question 60

The “Number-needed-to-treat” is an estimation of the number of patients that need to be treated in order to have an impact on one person.

Answer

true

Question 61

Big sample sizes in trials means that small discrepancies will go undetected.

Answer

true

Question 62

The Pearson correlation coefficient is a measure of strength of the association between 3 variables.

Answer

true

Question 63

Differences in treatment groups less than the smallest effect of clinical interest are more like to be found statistically significant when the sample size is increased.

Answer

true

Question 64

Is it important for clinicians to think about the smallest amount of benefit that would justify therapy when examining a new study?

Answer

true

EBM2 MST

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