Quiz
Cognitive Psychology MCQ
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Perguntas do quiz (19)
1Source monitoring errors are thought to be a primary cause of most if not all cases of:
- Aspreading activation
- Bage related memory loss
- Cimplicit memory
- Dfalse memory construction
- Etemporal lobe amnesia
2In an experiment, memory researchers tried to convince subjects that at age 5 they had been lost in a specific place and had been comforted by an elderly lady. This had actually never happened to them. The results were that ______ of the subjects later reported this as if it were an actual memory.
- Anone
- Bmost
- Cabout 50%
- Donly about 25%
- Eonly about 10%
3Consider the results of Frederick Bartlett's research on culture-specific schemas. If you asked subjects of one culture to listen to a folktale from another culture and then retell it from memory a few days later, you should expect that they would remember some of the details and:
- Arefuse to guess at the details they forgot
- Bunconsciously replace the details they forgot with details that are culturally more familiar to them.
- Cunconsciously replace the details they forgot with details from stories read to them in the meantime
- Ddeliberately replace the details they forgot with details selected at random.
- Edeliberately substitute for the details they forgot other details that seem to fit with the folktale culture.
4When Emma attends a birthday party, she expects that people will give presents, sing Happy Birthday; and put candles on a cake. Her idea of what she expects to happen at this event is known as:
- Aa script
- Bselective perception
- Ca stereotype
- Dpreattentive processing
- Epriming
5James recently moved to Sydney from Melbourne to study psychology. He was surprised to find how rude and selfish Sydney-siders are, and how bad the pollution and traffic is. This scene was contradictory to his _______ of a typical Australian city as consisting of friendly people and plenty of space.
- Acognitive map
- Bscript
- Cicon
- Dschema
- Eimplicit script
6What does hypnosis tend to do to a person's memory?
- APeople become more confident about distorted or incorrect memories
- BPeople remember more true information
- CPeople remember more false information but are not confident about it
- DAllow people to recall memories from when they were as young as two or three years old
7Rebuttals have been made to the claim that there is an "epidemic of false memories of childhood sexual abuse being implanted in clients by therapists. These do NOT include :
- AThis claim is intended to undermine the credibility of abused women and silence their accusations.
- BMemory experiments in laboratories involving word stimuli do not represent the emotional, wrenching recollections of abuse survivors.
- CBecause there is (often) no direct evidence of abuse, when a person later becomes convinced the memories were not true, that does not necessarily mean the memories were falsely implanted.
- DThe content of the memories retrieved is often filled with details and features that clients would never have seen or even considered before.
8In the class experiment concerning 'Ants and Jelly', the mean confidence of subjects recognizing the "FOURS" sentences was expected to be the highest, and usually was (although not in all tutorials). What is most surprising about this finding is:
- Aevery single sentence actually read out had more than four words
- Bevery single sentence actually read out had fewer than four propositions
- C"old" sentences which also had four propositions were less likely to be recognised
- D"noncase" sentences which contained equal numbers of propositions were less likely to be recognized
- Eit demonstrates that memory for more complex sentences is actually better
9In the class experiment concerning 'Ants and Jelly', it was predicted (and it was almost always found) that subjects correctly and confidently stated that they had not heard sentences in the "noncases" condition. This is most likely because:
- Anoncase sentences were, on average, shorter than those sentences read out
- Bnoncase sentences were constructed from the same sentences as found in the "old" condition, but the word order of the propositions was reversed
- Cnoncase sentences were not constructed from the same propositions found in the sentences which were read out
- Dthe meaning of noncase sentences conflicted with the meaning implied by the propositions which were read out
- Ethe noncase sentences were ungrammatical, so were easily identified as new
10In the class experiment concerning 'Ants and Jelly', the findings suggested:
- Athat recognition confidence is in no way related to the number of propositions a sentence contains
- Bthat recognition confidence for 'old' items was very poor in comparison to that for sentences containing two propositions
- Ca link between the number of propositions a sentence contained and recognition confidence
- Dstrong memory for the surface structure of sentences
- Epoor memory for the meaning of propositions
11According to the guidelines concerning ethical experimentation, Milgram's "obedience" experiment broke the guideline concerning STRESS because:
- Athe experimenter kept ordering the subjects to keep giving shocks.
- Bsubjects were not told the shocks may be painful.
- Csubjects were exposed to stress.
- Dthere was no attempt to assess or protect vulnerable participants from stress.
- Eall the subjects were male.
12Arguments for and against animal experimentation can sometimes appear to be the same, yet are interpreted differently to support a pro- or anti- animal experimentation view. Which of the following arguments is often used to argue both for and against conducting experiments with animals?
- AAnimal behaviour is less complex than human behaviour.
- BHuman subjects get bored easily in experiments - animals don't.
- CAnimals do not have distinctly human characteristics eg. Language.
- DNot treating animals and humans the same is a form of Speciesism.
- EAnimal subjects are cheaper and easier to obtain than human subjects.
13Which of the following situations at Chelmsford Private Hospital (as shown in the video) breached ethics principles? (You must select all the correct answers to receive the mark)
- ASome staff ignored research evidence that suggested Electro-Convulsive Therapy has no therapeutic benefits.
- BSome staff did not act in a professional manner towards colleagues and patients while on hospital grounds.
- CStaff sometimes failed to get patient's written consent to undergo various treatment procedures.
- DStaff members did not report the unethical behaviours of their colleagues.
- EPatients were sometimes forced to receive certain treatments against their wishes
14Ethical relativism proposes that the ethical status of a particular behaviour/situation/event:
- Arelies on its consequences and practicality.
- Bdoes not rely on its consequences and practicality.
- Crelies on what each individual thinks is ethically "right".
- Drelies on its antecedents.
- Erelies on what most of the population thinks is ethically "right".
15A researcher submits an ethics application to the human ethics committee. In the description of the experiment, subjects are to be coerced into entering a room and told to immediately begin filling-in a questionnaire. The subjects are not told the actual purpose of the questionnaire until they have finished it and handed it back to the experimenter. Some of the questions ask about personal issues (personal finances, sexual experiences) which may cause a little stress in some subjects. The experimenter has made no indication that subjects can leave the experiment if they are not comfortable answering such questions. The researcher intends to publish each subject's results along with their names.
Which ethical principles for research would the ethics committee regard as unacceptably breached in this proposal? (You must select all the correct answers to receive the mark)- Aconfidentiality
- Bstress
- Cinformed consent
- Ddeception
- Efreedom to withdraw
16Groups of kittens are to be placed in situations of light deprivation for various amounts of time. Leo stages a noisy protest outside the laboratory, with banners reading "Animals should never suffer sensory deprivation". George, the researcher, claims that the deprivation is essential to finding out more about the early development of vision and visuo-spatial abilities. Which of the following would best describe Leo and George's ethical positions?
- ABoth Leo and George are relativists
- BLeo is an absolutist, George is a relativist
- CLeo is a relativist, George is an absolutist
- DLeo is an activist, George is a realist
- EBoth Leo and George are absolutists
17The primary concern of the University of Sydney's Animal Ethics Committee (AEC) is to ensure that:
- Athe selection of species is conducted in an appropriate manner.
- Bthe ethical rights of human participants in experiments are extended to animal subjects.
- Conly tried and tested experimental procedures involving animals are used.
- Danimal suffering is minimised in experimental procedures and is outweighed by the likely benefit of the research.
- Eno pain or suffering is inflicted upon animals used in experiments.
18Which of the following professional bodies does NOT oversee the research and professional behaviour of psychologists in Australia?
- AThe Australian Psychological Society.
- BAnimal and human ethics committees at research institutions.
- CThe Australian Psychotherapy Registration Board.
- DThe NSW Psychologists Registration Board.
- EAll of the above oversee research and professional behaviour.
19Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe Milgram's "obedience" experiment?
- AThe 'researcher' performing the fake learning and punishment experiment (i.e. the subject) had no role to play as a researcher in the real study of authority experiment.
- BOnly male subjects were initially used.
- CSubjects were given shocks of increasing intensity when they gave the incorrect answer to the task.
- DMost subjects were, according to Milgram, ultimately happy to be part of the experiment.
- EAt least some of the subjects refused to press the 'maximum shock' buttons.
Informações
- Descrição
- Tertiary Education Semester 2, 2015 (PSYC1002) Quiz sobre Cognitive Psychology MCQ, criado por Ani Av em 17-11-2015.
- Autor
- Ani Av
- Idioma
- English
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- 212
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