Quiz
Chemistry Final Part Two
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Perguntas do quiz (91)
1How many joules are there in 115 calories? (1cal = 4.18 J)
- A2.9 J
- B4.8 J
- C28 J
- D481 J
- E11500 J
2Which of the following has the greatest heat capacity?
- A1000 g of water
- B1000 g of steel
- C1 g of water
- D1 g of steel
3Which of the following substances has the highest specific heat?
- Asteel
- Bwater
- Calcohol
- Dchloroform
4What is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 100 g aluminum by 10 °C? (specific heat of aluminum = 0.21 cal/g x °C)
- A0.21 cal
- B2.1 cal
- C210 cal
- D21000 cal
- ENone of the above
5What is the specific heat of a substance if 1560 cal is required to raise the temperature of a 312-g sample by 15 °C?
- A0.033 cal/g x °C
- B0.33 cal/g x ºC
- C0.99 cal/g x ºC
- D1.33 cal/g x ºC
6How many kilocalories of heat are required to raise the temperature of the 225 g of Al from 20 ºC to 100 ºC? (specific heat of aluminum = 0.21 cal/g x ºC)
- A0.59 kcal
- B3.8 kcal
- C85 kcal
- DNone of the above
7The heat capacity of an object depends in part on its______.
- Amass
- Benthalpy
- Cshape
- Dpotential energy
8The amount of heat transferred from an object depend on all of the following except ______.
- Athe specific heat of the object
- Bthe change in temperature the object undergoes
- Cthe initial temperature of the object
- Dthe mass of the object
9A piece of metal is heated, then submerged in cool water. Which statement below describes what happens?
- AThe temperature of the metal will increase.
- BThe temperature of the water will increase.
- CThe temperature of the water will decrease.
- DThe temperature of the water will increase and the temperature of the metal will decrease.
- EThe temperature of the water will decrease and the temperature of the metal will increase.
10Two objects are sitting next to each other in direct sunlight. Object A gets hotter than object B.
- AObject A has a higher specific heat than object B.
- BObject A has a lower specific heat than object B.
- CBoth object have the same specific heat.
11In an exothermic reaction, the energy stored in the chemical bonds of the reactants is ______.
- Aequal to the energy stored in the bonds of the products
- Bgreater than the energy stored in the bonds of the products
- Cless than the energy stored in the bonds of the products
- Dless than the heat released
- Eless than the heat absorbed
12Compared to 100 g of iron, a 10-g sample of iron has ______.
- Aa higher specific heat.
- Ba lower specific heat.
- Cthe same specific heat.
13If the heat involved in a chemical reaction has a negative sign, _____.
- Aheat is lost to the surroundings
- Bheat is gained from the surroundings
14A process that absorbs heat is a(n) ______ process.
- Aexothermic
- Bendothermic
- Cpolythermic
- Dectothermic
15If you were to touch the flask in which an endothermic reaction were occurring, _____.
- Athe flask would probably feel cooler than before the reaction started
- Bthe flask would probably feel warmer than before the reaction started
- Cthe flask would feel the same as before the reaction started
- DNone of the above
16The amount of heat released by the complete burning of 1 mole of a substance is the _____.
- Aspecific heat
- Bheat of combustion
- Cheat capacity
- Dsystem heat
17The following equation shows the reaction that occurs when nitroglycerine explodes.
4 C3H5O9N3--> 12 CO2 + 10 6 N2 + O2 + 10 H2O + 1725 kcal
This reaction is ______.- Aendothermic
- Bexothermic
- Ca combination reaction
- Da combustion reaction
18The amount of heat needed to melt one mole of a solid is called the _____.
- Amolar heat of fusion
- Bmolar heat of solidification
- Cheat of reaction
- Denthalpy
19The amount of heat absorbed by a melting solid ______ the amount of heat lost by a solidifying liquid.
- Ais the same as
- Bis less than
- Cis greater than
20During a phase change, the temperature of a substance _____.
- Aincreases
- Bdecreases
- Cremains constant
- Dmay increase or decrease
21The vaporization of a liquid is an
- Aexothermic process
- Bendothermic process
22Hess's Law _____.
- Amakes it possible to calculate △H for complicated chemical reactions
- Bstates that when you reverse a chemical equation, you must change the sign of △H
- Cdetermines the way a calorimeter works
- Ddescribes the vaporization of solids
23The amount of heat involved in the creation of 1 mole of substance from its element is called _____.
- Aenthalpy
- Bheat of reaction
- Cstandard heat of formation
- Dheat of solidification
24To calculate the amount of heat absorbed as a substance melts, which of the following information is not needed?
- Athe mass of the substance
- Bthe specific heat of the substance
- Cthe change in temperature
- Dthe density of the smaple
25As the temperature of a sample of matter is increased, what happens to the average kinetic energy of the particles in the sample?
- AIt decreases.
- BIt increases.
- CIt does not change.
26When 45 g of an alloy at 100ºC is dropped into 100.0 g of water at 25 ºC, the final temperature is 37ºC. What is the specific heat of the alloy?
- A0.423
- B1.77
- C9.88
- D48.8
27How much heat does it take to make the water in a teakettle boil if the water starts at 22ºC?
- A88 calories
- B88 joules
- C88 Calories
- DNot enough information given.
28To determine the heat change for a reaction in an aqueous solution, _____.
- Ayou need to know the specific heat of the reactants
- Byou can mix the reactants in a calorimeter and measure the temperature change
- Cyou need to know the mass of the reactants
- Dyou cannot determine the heat change for this type of reaction
29Which of the following equations correctly represents an endothermic reaction?
- AA + B --> C + D + heat
- BA + B + heat --> C + D
30The quantity of heat required to change the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 ºC is defined as _____.
- Aa joule
- Bspecific heat capacity
- Ca calorie
- Ddensity
31For a given substance, the molar heat of fusion _____ the molar heat of vaporization.
- Aalways equals
- Bis less than
- Cis greater than
32For a given substance, the molar heat of vaporization ______ the molar heat of condensation.
- Aalways equal
- Bis less than
- Cis greater than
33Heat of solution is ______.
- Athe amount of heat required to change a solid into a liquid
- Bthe amount of heat absorbed or released when a solid dissolves
- Cthe amount of heat required to change a vapor into a liquid
- Dthe amount of heat released when a vapor changes into a liquid
34The heat of formation for an element in its standard state is ______.
- Aalways zero
- Bsometimes zero
- Cnever zero
35When heat is added to boiling water, its temperature ______.
- Aincreases
- Bdecreases
- Cstays the same
- Ddepends on the amount of water
36Compared to a glass of ice water with ice in it, a glass of ice-cold water without ice will warm up _____.
- Afaster
- Bslower
- Cat the same rate
37When snow melts, what happens to the surrounding air?
- AIt gets warmer.
- BIt gets cooler.
- CNothing happens to the surrounding air.
38Why does air leave a tire when the tire valve is opened?
- Abecause the pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire
- Bbecause the pressure outside the tire is greater than the pressure inside the tire
- Cbecause the temperature is higher outside the tire than inside the tire
- Dbecause there are more gas particles outside the tire than inside the tire
39Which of these changes would NOT cause an increase in the the pressure of a gaseous system?
- AThe container is made larger.
- BAdditional amounts of the same gas are added to the container.
- CThe temperature is increased.
- DAnother gas is added to the container.
40If the volume of a container holding gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure within the containers?
- AThe pressure will increase.
- BThe pressure will not change.
- CThe pressure will decrease.
41What happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed?
- AThe temperature increases.
- BThe temperature does not change.
- CThe temperature decreases.
42Why does an aerosol can become cooler when gas is released?
- Abecause the propellant expands
- Bbecause the propellant contracts
- Cbecause the product expands with the can
- Dbecause the volume of the can decreases
43As the temperature of the gas in a balloon decreases _____.
- Athe volume increases
- Bthe average kinetic energy of the gas decreases
- Cthe pressure increases
- DAll of the above
44If the volume of a container of air is reduced by one-half, what happens to the partial pressure of oxygen within the container?
- AIt is reduced by one-half.
- BIt is unchanged.
- CIt is doubled.
45Boyle's law states that _____.
- Athe volume of a gas varies inversely with pressure
- Bthe volume of a gas varies directly with pressure
- Cthe temperature of a gas varies inversely with pressure
- Dthe temperature of a gas varies directly with pressure
46When the temperature and number of particles are kept constant for a sample of gas, which of the following os also constant for the sample?
- Athe sum of the pressure and volume
- Bthe difference of the pressure and volume
- Cthe product of the pressure and volume
- Dthe quotient of the pressure and volume
47The volume of a gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. The pressure of the gas _____.
- Ais reduced by one-half
- Bremains unchanged
- Cis doubled
- Dvaries depending on the nature of the gas
48The volume of a gas is reduced from 4L to 0.5 L while the temperature is held constant. The pressure of the gas ______.
- Aincreases by a factor of four
- Bdecreases by a factor of eight
- Cincreases by a factor of eight
- Dincreases by a factor of two
49A gas occupies a volume of 0.2 L at 10.1 kPa. What volume will the gas occupy at 101 kPa?
- A38 L
- B20 L
- C2 L
- D0.02 L
50Charles' Law states that _____.
- Athe pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its temperature in kelvins
- Bthe volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins
- Cthe pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins
- Dthe volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its temperature in kelvins
51A sample gas occupies 40.0 mL at -123 ºC. What volume does the sample occupy at 27 ºC?
- A182 mL
- B8.80 mL
- C80.0 mL
- D20.0 mL
52If a balloon is rubbed vigorously, what happens to the pressure of the air inside the balloon if the volume remains constant?
- AIt increases.
- BIt stays the same.
- CIt decreases.
53When the volume and number of particles are held constant for a sample of gas, which of the following is also constant for the sample?
- Athe sum of the pressure and temperature in kelvins
- Bthe difference of the pressure and temperature in kelvins
- Cthe product of the pressure and temperature in kelvins
- Dthe quotient of the pressure and temperature in kelvins
54The combined gas law relates which of these?
- Apressure and volume only
- Btemperature and pressure only
- Cvolume and temperature only
- Dtemperature, pressure, and volume
55At a certain temperature and pressure, 0.20 mol of CO2 has a volume of 3.1 L. A 3.1-L sample of hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure ______.
- Ahas the same mass
- Bcontains the same number of atoms
- Chas a higher density
- Dcontains the same number of molecules
56Which of the following scientist developed an atomic theory in the early 1800s?
- AIsaac Newton
- BAntoine Lavoisier
- CFrancis Bacon
- DRoger Bacon
- EJohn Dalton
57Who discovered the electron?
- AJoseph Thomson
- BNiels Bohr
- CErnest Rutherford
- DJohn Dalton
- EAlbert Einstein
58Which of the following is an accurate description of Thomson's model of the atom?
- AThe electrons orbit the protons which are at the center of the atom
- BThe electrons and protons move throughout the atom
- CElectrons occupy fixed positions around the protons, which are at the center of the atom
- DThe electrons, like "raisins," are stuck into lump of protons, like "dough," in a "plum pudding" atom
59In Rutherford's model of the atom, where are the electrons and protons located?
- Athe electrons orbit the protons, which are at the center of the atom
- Bthe electrons and protons move throughout the atom
- Cthe electrons occupy fixed positions around the protons which are at the center of the atom
- Dthe electrons and protons are located throughout the atom, but they are not free to move
60In Bohr's model of the atom, where are the electrons and protons located?
- Athe electrons orbit the protons, which are at the center of the atom
- Bthe electrons and protons move throughout the atom
- Cthe electrons occupy fixed positions around the protons, which are at the center of the atom
- Dthe electrons and protons are located throughout the atom, but they are not free to move
61In the Bohr model of the atom, an electron in an orbit has a fixed?
- Aposition
- Bcolor
- Cenergy
62What did Rutherford's experiment demonstrate?
- Athat electrons orbit the nucleus
- Bthat all neutrons are located in the nucleus
- Cthat most of an atom's mass is concentrated in a relatively small portion of the atoms entire volume
- Dthat atoms are made of positively and negatively charged particles
63Which of the following scientist developed the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
- AAlbert Einstein
- BErwin Schrsdinger
- CNiels Bohr
- DErnest Rutherford
- EJoseph Tomson
64What is the probability of finding an electron within the region indicated by the drawn electron cloud?
- A50%
- B67%
- C75%
- D90%
- E100%
65The quantum mechanical model of the atom _____.
- Adefines the exact path of an electron around the nucleus
- Bwas proposed by Niels Bohr
- Cis concerned with the probability of finding an election in a certain position
- Dhas many analogies in the visible world
66The principal quantum number indicates what property of an electron
- Aposition
- Bspeed
- Cenergy level
- Delectron cloud shape
- Espin
67The shape (not the size) of an electron cloud is determined by the electrons
- Aenergy sublevel
- Bspin
- Cposition
- Dspeed
- Eprincipal quantum number
68The 3p atomic orbital has the shape of ______.
- Aa sphere
- Ba dumbbell
- Ca bar
- Dtwo perpendicular dumbbells
- Ean egg
69How many energy sublevels are there in the second principal energy level?
- A1
- B2
- C3
- D4
- E5
70What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?
- As and p only
- Bp and d only
- Cs, p, and d only
- Dp, d, and f only
71How many f orbitals can there be in one atom?
- A1
- B3
- C5
- D7
- E9
72What is the maximum number of d orbitals in a principal energy level?
- A1
- B2
- C3
- D5
- E10
73What is the maximum number of orbitals in the p sub level?
- A2
- B3
- C4
- D5
- E6
74What is the maximum number of electrons in the second principal energy level?
- A2
- B8
- C18
- D32
75Which of the following energy levels has the lowest energy?
- A3d
- B4s
- C4p
- D4f
76If the spin of one electron in an orbital is clockwise, what is the spin of the other electron in that orbital?
- Azero
- Bclockwise
- Ccounterclockwise
77What is the next atomic orbital in the series 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p?
- A2d
- B2f
- C3d
- D3f
- E4s
78Which of the following states that no more than two electrons can occupy an atomic orbital and that two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins?
- AHund's rule
- BDalton's theory
- Cthe Aufbau principle
- Dthe Pauli exclusion principle
79If three electrons are available to fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals, how will the electrons be distributed in the three orbitals?
- Aone electron in each orbital
- Btwo electrons in one orbital, one in another, none in the third
- Cthree in one orbital, none in the other two
80What is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an oxygen atom?
- A2
- B4
- C6
- D8
- E10
81In order to occupy the same orbital, two electrons must have _____.
- Athe same direction of spin
- Blow energy
- Ca high quantum number
- Dopposite spin
82According to the Aufbau principle _____.
- Aan orbital may be occupied by only two electrons
- Belectrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins
- Celectrons enter orbitals of highest energy first
- Delectrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first
83What is the basis for exceptions to the Aufbau principle?
- Afilled and half filled energy sub levels are more stable than partially-filled ones
- Belectron configurations are only probable
- Celectron spins are more important than energy levels in determining electron configuration
- Dsome elements have unusual atomic orbitals
84Which of the following electromagnetic waves have the highest frequencies?
- Aultraviolet light waves
- Bx-rays
- Cmicrowaves
- Dgamma rays
- Einfrared light waves
85Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?
- Aorange
- Byellow
- Cgreen
- Dblue
- Eviolet
86The quanta of light are called _____.
- Acharms
- Bexcitons
- Cmuons
- Dphotons
- Esolitons
87The lowest energy state of an atom is called the _____.
- Aexcited state
- Bground state
- Cindependent state
- Ddependent state
- Econfigurational state
88To which variable of an object's wavelength directly proportional?
- Amass
- Bvelocity
- Ctemperature
- Dposition
- ENone of the above
89To which variable of an object is the object's mass directly proportional?
- Awavelength
- Bvelocity
- Ctemperature
- Dposition
- Efrequency
90Who developed the uncertainty principle?
- AAlbert Einstein
- BNiels Bohr
- CWerner Heisenberg
- DErwin Schrsdinger
- ELouis de Broglie
91According to the uncertainty principle, if the position of a moving particle is known what other quantity cannot be known?
- Amass
- Btemperature
- Ccharge
- Dspin
- Evelocity
Informações
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- Chem Final
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- prahlshayna
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