Revision Notes
Slides do conjunto (64)
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- On the Internet, a point-of-presence (POP) is an access point from one
- place to the rest of the internet A POP necessarily has a unique Internet Protocol address. Your Internet service provider online service provider has a point-of-presence on the Internet
- and probably more than one. The number of POPs that an ISP or OSP has is
- sometimes used as a measure of its size or growth rate.
- https://youtu.be/vUD8U7eLbQ0 (Incorporar)
- Legenda: Watch Only About Point of Presence (PoP) Not Network Access Point (NAP)
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- Network Access Protection (NAP) is a Microsoft technology for controlling network access of a computer, based on its health. With NAP, system administrators of an organization can define policies for system health requirements. Examples of system health requirements are whether the computer has the most recent operating system updates installed, whether the computer has the latest version of the anti-virus software signature, or whether the computer has a host-based firewall installed and enabled.
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- https://youtu.be/aor29pGhlFE (Incorporar)
- Internet Protocol:
- A Communications protocol for computers connected to a network, especially the Internet, specifying the format for addresses and
- units of transmitted Data.
- British Dictionary definitions
- for IP Expand.
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
- https://youtu.be/Vdc8TCESIg8 (Incorporar)
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a standard that defines how to establish and maintain
- a network conversation via which application
- programs can exchange data. TCP works with the Internet Protocol (IP), which defines how computers send packets of data to each other. Together, TCP and IP are the basic rules
- defining the Internet.
- Legenda: Start At 4:08
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- https://youtu.be/o-W_mDGX1bY (Incorporar)
- .The File
- Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to
- transfer computer
- files from one host to another host over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet.
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Internet Service Provider (ISP)
- An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for
- accessing, using, or participating in theInternet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms,
- such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.
- https://youtu.be/7_LPdttKXPc (Incorporar)
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- https://youtu.be/D8c4JZW73cM (Incorporar)
- In the server programming model, a server is a program that awaits and fulfils requests from client programs in the same or other computers. A given application in a computer may function as a client with requests for services from other programs and also as a server of requests from other programs.
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- https://youtu.be/SwLdKeC8scE (Incorporar)
- An architecture in which the user's PC (the client) is the requesting machine and the server is the supplying machine, both of which are connected via a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet.
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- https://youtu.be/Qoe8jvpOQhY (Incorporar)
- A router is a device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect.
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- https://youtu.be/7XoaoFjKqYM (Incorporar)
- On the Internet or other wide area network, a backbone is a set of paths that local or regional networks connect to for long-distance interconnection. The connection points are known as network nodes or telecommunication data switching exchanges.
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- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmabFJUKMdg (Incorporar)
- Wi-Fi is a wireless local area network that enables portable computing devices to connect easily to the Internet. Standardized as IEEE 802.11 a,b,g,n, Wi-Fi approaches speeds of some types of wired Ethernet. Wi-Fi has become the standard for access in private homes, within offices, and at public hotspots. Some businesses charge customers a monthly fee for service, while others have begun offering it for free in an effort to increase the sales of their goods.
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- https://youtu.be/6NwmWP6EQxQ (Incorporar)
- "Broadband" in analogue video distribution is traditionally used to refer to systems such as cable television, where the individual channels are modulated on carriers at fixed frequencies. In this context, baseband is the term's antonym, referring to a single channel of analogue video, typically in composite form with separate baseband audio. The act of demodulating converts broadband video to baseband video. Fibre optic allows the signal to be transmitted farther without being repeated. Cable companies use a hybrid system using fibre to transmit the signal to neighbourhoods and then changes the signal from light to radio frequency to be transmitted to over coaxial cable to homes.
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- https://youtu.be/bgTxFLHcuKc (Incorporar)
- Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to establish a connection to an Internet service provider (ISP) by dialling a telephone number on a conventional telephone line. The user's computer or router uses an attached modem to encode and decode information into and from audio frequency signals, respectively. Despite the proliferation of high-speed Internet access (broadband), dial-up Internet access may be used where other forms are not available or the cost is too high, such as in some rural or remote areas.
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- This definition of bandwidth is in contrast to the field of signal processing, wireless communications, modem data transmission, digital communications, and electronics, in which bandwidth is used to refer to analogue signal bandwidth measured in hertz, meaning the frequency range between lowest and highest attainable frequency while meeting a well-defined impairment level in signal power.
- https://youtu.be/RiY2ja-OTnA (Incorporar)
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- A bit is the basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. A bit can have only one of two values, and may therefore be physically implemented with a two-state device. These values are most commonly represented as either a Orr. The term bit is a portmanteau of binary digit.
- https://youtu.be/AdF2uk-EscE (Incorporar)
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- f bn Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3, and has since been refined to support higher bit rates and longer link distances. Over time, Ethernet has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies such as token ring, FDDI, and ARCNET. The primary alternative for contemporary LANs is not a wired standard, but instead a wireless LAN standardized as IEEE 802.11 and also known as Wi-Fi.
- https://youtu.be/sbXe__EtGg4 (Incorporar)
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- An element in an electronic document that links to another place in the same document or to an entirely different document. Typically, you click on the hyperlink to follow the link. Hyperlinks are the most essential ingredient of all hypertext systems, including the World Wide Web.
- https://youtu.be/qcjBrEvwIE4 (Incorporar)
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- Web servers are computers that deliver (serves up) Web pages. Every Web server has an IP address and possibly a domain name. For example, if you enter the URL http://www.webopedia.com/index.html in your browser, this sends a request to the Web server whose domain name is "webopedia.com". The server then fetches the page named "index.html" and sends it to your browser.
- https://youtu.be/54n_iXocB6o (Incorporar)
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- (1) A utility within an application that helps you use the application to perform a particular task. For example, a "letter wizard" within aword processing application would lead you through the steps of producing different types of correspondence.
- (2) An outstanding programmer. Also called a super- programmer.Common wisdom holds that one wizard is worth ten average programmers.
- https://youtu.be/4DeCJS-1yyg (Incorporar)
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- Short for Hyper Text Mark-up Language, the authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web. HTML is similar to SGML, although it is not a strict subset.
- HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes. The correct structure for an HTML document starts with (enter here what document is about) and ends with . All the information you'd like to include in your Web page fits in between the and tags.
- https://youtu.be/CKlh1lwe2rY (Incorporar)
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- An HTML element is an individual component of an HTML document or web page, once this has been parsed into the Document Object Model. HTML is composed of a tree of HTML elements and other nodes, such as text nodes. Each element can have HTMLattributes specified.
- https://youtu.be/UwD-cVGbTAM (Incorporar)
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- URL is the abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator. URL is the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.
- https://youtu.be/SMxx9XEF6m0 (Incorporar)
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- Search engines are programs that search documents for specified keywords and returns a list of the documents where the keywords were found. A search engine is really a general class of programs, however, the term is often used to specifically describe systems like Google, Bing and Yahoo! Search that enable users to search for documents on the World Wide Web.
- https://youtu.be/BNHR6IQJGZs (Incorporar)
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- A codec is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream or signal.
- https://youtu.be/GhWki9a7s18 (Incorporar)
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- Devices/components – Used as a generic term to mean computers, peripheral hardware, mobile telephones,manufacturing plant,environment monitors and many other things.
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- Peripheral – Any device, such as a printer, attached to a computer to expand its functionality.
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- Internet packets – A formatted block of data sent over the networks and the internet.A packet contains the addresses of send and destination, the data and error checking.
- https://youtu.be/O7CuFlM4V54 (Incorporar)
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- A collection of data stored in a structured way.
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- A two-dimensional representation of data in a database.
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- A group of selected some way.data which are associated in some way.
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- A single piece of data
- within a record.
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- A single unique
- key used to identify each record
- in a table.
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- A field which can
- be used to cross-reference and
- access associated information
- across many tables.
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- Structured Query Language (SQL) is a high-level language which is used to undertake
- this management activity. It is normally in two parts:
- Data definition Language (DDL): This is the part which is used to define the
- database structure.
- Data Manipulation Language (DML): This is the part used to add, delete, change
- and query the data which is held in the database structure
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- Short for Data Definition Language, DDL is a computer language that is used to define data structures. In Database Management Systems, it is used to specify a database scheme as a set of definitions (expressed in DDL). In SQL, the Data Definition Language (DDL) allows you to create, alter, and destroy database objects.
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- Short for Data Manipulation Language, a set of statements used to store, retrieve, modify, and erase data from a database. There are two types of DML: procedural, in which the user specifies what data is needed and how to get it; and non-procedural, in which the user specifies only what data is needed.
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- A database is a collection of
- data which is usually structured.
- Whereas a DBMS is the software
- that allows you to make use of
- that data.
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- Abbreviation for binary term, a unit of storage capable of holding a single character. On almost all modern computers, a byte is equal to 8 bits. Large amounts of memory are indicated in terms of kilobytes megabytes, and gigabytes
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- Short or Universal Serial Bus, an external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps. A single USB port can be used to connect up to 127 peripheral devices, such as mice, modems, andkeyboards. USB also supports Plug-and-Play installation and hot plugging.
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- When the interaction between a webpage and code occurs directly on a user’s computer.
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- When the interaction between a web page and a computer is processed through a server.
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- Bi-directional transmission has several meanings within data communication, but it is essentially about transmitting in both directions. Most recently the term has beenapplied to fi bre optics.
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- Refers to protocols in which messages are divided into packets before they are sent. Each packet is then transmitted individually and can even follow different routes to its destination. Once all the packets forming a message arrive at the destination, they are recompiled into the original message.
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- Sends data in one direction only. A radio broadcast is a good example of simplex transmission
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- Allows two-way transmissions but the devices don’t transmit at the same time. A system being used to monitor and control manufacturing processes can use half-duplex transmissions. It will send a message to the control computer, which will respond with new settings, but they both cannot send messages at the same time. some network systems use half-duplex to maximise bandwidth.
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- Allows two-way communication at the same time. The telephone system, land or mobile, is an example of a full duplex system.
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- A computer virus is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. Viruses can also replicate themselves. All computer viruses are man-made. A simple virus that can make a copy of itself over and over again is relatively easy to produce. Even such a simple virus is dangerous because it will quickly use all available memory and bring the system to a halt. An even more dangerous type of virus is one capable of transmitting itself across networks and bypassing security systems.
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- A destructive program that masquerades as a benign application. Unlike viruses, Trojan horses do not replicate themselves but they can be just as destructive. One of the most insidious types of Trojan horse is a program that claims to rid your computer of viruses but instead introduces viruses onto your computer.
- Legenda: This is an example of "MALWARE"
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- The act of sending an email to a user falsely claiming to be an established legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering private information that will be used for identity theft.
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- An opportunist threat on a computer means that people who find an unattended computer that has been left logged in to a system could view, steal, or damage information, programs, or hardware.
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- These include turning off computers and locking offices when the systems are unattended to prevent damage by people, the environment (e.g. fire, flooding, electrical interference) or theft
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- Passwords are sequences of characters, known only to the computer user, which allow access to a computer, network or application. Passwords should always be strong so that it is hard for someone else to guess them or work them out.
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- These can be set up to allow individuals to have access to only specific levels of an application and to prevent unauthorised users from accessing particular data
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- This is set up to intercept computer viruses before they can
- become resident on the computer. The software can isolate the virus, remove it and sometimes repair any damage. Equivalent security programs exist for other types of malware.
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- This is a piece of software that monitors all data arriving at your computer from the internet and all data leaving your computer. It stops anything that it thinks is harmful or unwanted (such as viruses, spam, Trojan horses and hackers).
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- This is used to codify data so that it cannot be read by anyone who does not have the key to the code. An algorithm, sometimes known as a cipher, is applied to the data at the transmission end and the reverse is applied at the reception end.
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- Making a backup of data is the only way of recovering from a total data disaster. Many individuals and organisations back up data to Flash solid state storage devices or magnetic tape at night. The tapes are stored safely in a separate place, so that they are not destroyed by any disaster which could destroy the master system (fire, earthquake, etc.).
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- Provides 8 principles that govern the way data about individuals is stored and used.
- Used fairly and lawfully.
- Used for limited, specifically stated purposes.
- Used in a way that is adequate, relevant and not excessive accurate.
- Kept for no longer than is absolutely necessary.
- Handled according to people’s data protection rights.
- Kept safe and secure.
- Not transferred outside the European Economic Area without adequate protection.
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- Introduced to protect
- from hackers and
- malicious use of viruses.
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Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
- Protects creators of
- original works.
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Freedom of Information Act 2000
- Provides individual the right to see information stored about them. Data can also be accessed about public bodies.
Informações
- Descrição
- Slides sobre Revision Notes, criado por -=Akmal=- em 04-11-2015.
- Criado por
- -=Akmal=-
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