GCSE Computing Revision Notes

Explain the difference between backing up and archiving of data.
1. Back-up Data
  1. Backup is the activity of copying files or databases so that they will be preserved in case of equipment failure or other catastrophe.
  2. Backup is usually a routine part of the operation of large businesses with mainframes as well as the administrators of smaller business computers.
2. Archiving Data
  1. Data archiving is the process of moving data that is no longer actively used to a separate storage device for long-term retention.
  2. Archive data consists of older data that is still important to the organization and may be needed for future reference, as well as data that must be retained for regulatory compliance.
A business would like to connect their computers into a star network.
1. A) Describe two hardware devices that would be needed for this.
  1. 1. An ISP provides access to the Internet. You sign up for an account with an ISP just as you do for telephone service or utilities.
  2. 2. A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter or physical network interface and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.
2. B) Explain why encryption might be used on the network.
  1. In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding messages or information in such a way that only authorized parties can read it. Encryption does not of itself prevent interception, but denies the message content to the interceptor.
3. C) Describe two other security measures that could be implemented on the new network.
  1. 1. In public-key encryption schemes, the encryption key is published for anyone to use and encrypt messages. However, only the receiving party has access to the decryption key that enables messages to be read.
  2. Public-key encryption was first described in a secret document in 1973; before then all encryption schemes were symmetric-key (also called private-key.)
  3. 2. In symmetric-key schemes, the encryption and decryption keys are the same. Communicating parties must have the same key before they can achieve secure communication.
State what is meant by the internet?
1. A means of connecting a computer to any other computer anywhere in the world via dedicated routers and servers.
Describe the importance of the following network devices.
1. Modem
  1. Modem means modulator and demodulator. It is a gadget that you use to transmit date and to receive data as well via a channel for communication. These channels can be a cable, telephone line and an optic fibre.
2. Router
  1. The router is a fundamental building block of modern business networks, providing traffic with a gateway to both the Internet and other networks. Routers make flexible cross-network communication possible, and allow larger networks to remain operational even during redesigns or outages.
  2. They can also play important secondary roles on a network, with many combined with other devices such as firewalls, modems and switches to product versatile all-in-one networking solutions.
Describe what is meant by HTML
1. Hypertext Markup Language, a standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, colour, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages.
State a common file standard associated with the Internet for the following:
1. Animated images
  1. GIF
2. What happens during the process of cross platform documenting?
  1. Documents which are saved as a PDF store graphics, text, photos, font stay on the same layout across every computer software. Meaning across software like Microsoft Windows systems, Linux, Macintosh all the documents will have the same layout. Without PDF text may become different.
3. Audio files
  1. .Mp3
What is a computer system?
1. A system of interconnected computers that share a central storage system and various peripheral devices such as a printers, scanners, or routers. Each computer connected to the system can operate independently, but has the ability to communicate with other external devices and computers.
Binary
1. The hexadecimal numeral system, also known as just hex, is a numeral system made up of 16 symbols (base 16). The standard numeral system is called decimal (base 10) and uses 10 symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Hexadecimal uses the decimal numbers and includes six extra symbols.
2. Popular Questions
  1. State the denary representation of the binary number 10111010.
    1. BA
  2. State the denary representation of the hexadecimal number 4C. You must show your working.
3. In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the binary numeral system or base-2 numeral system which represents numeric values using two different symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one). The base-2 system is a positional notation with a radix of 2.

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GCSE Computing Revision Notes

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	Created by Charles Rees over 8 years ago