Flashcards
Data Structures & Data Representation
Flashcards do conjunto (12)
- 1Low level programmingProgramming in either machine code or assembly language. Low level languages are often described as being "close to the hardware". Low level languages often produce more efficient programs that high level languages, although they are harder to learn.
- 2Procedural ProgrammingProcedural programming languages separate data and code. Code is usually modularised and a combinations of sequence, selection and iterative constructs. The programmer describes how to solve the problem, by specifying the steps to execute a program and the order they should be carried out.
- 3Object Oriented ProgrammingObject oriented programming is where objects combine methods and data.
- 4Data encapsulationthis means that data can only be accessed via methods provided by objects
- 5Classacts as a template for an object. Contains shared attributes and methods.
- 6Objectan individual instance of a class.
- 7Derived classa class with all the features (including attributes and methods) of a superclass and additional features specific to the derived class. This is an example of inheritance.
- 8Declarative ProgrammingDeclarative programs consist of declarations - statements that specify what properties the results should have. The order of declarations is not important.
- 9predicate logicThe computer is given a goal.. Rules are used to relate facts The computer searches its facts and rules for a solution to the goal. . The computer will search for a member of foo, and will then see if the solution is also a member of bar. If either one of these fails then the computer backtracks, finding another member of foo.
- 10Instantiationis giving a statement variable a value
- 11Dynamic Data StructuresThe size of a "dynamic" data structure changes as data is added and removed. However, it is more complex to program because the size is not fixed. All dynamic data structures can be stored within static data structures, as a hard disk (or other physical storage medium) is effectively a massive static data structure.
- 12ArraysArrays are always static. However, it is possible to make a (static) array "appear" dynamic. Space is reserved for potential new items within the array. The more space that is reserved, the more new records can be added, but the less efficiently the data is stored.
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- FlashCards sobre Data Structures & Data Representation, criado por jummybankole em 04-12-2014.
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- jummybankole
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