Flashcards
Chapter 3 - Systems software
Flashcards do conjunto (25)
- 1Systems softwareControls the operation of hardware in a computer.
- 2Applications softwareThe everyday programs that we use to create documents and preform tasks.
- 3Device driverA program that controls a particular device connected to a computer system.
- 4Utility softwareHelps manage, maintain and control the computer's resources.
- 5Operating systemControls the operations of the hardware in a computer system and manages all other software.
- 6Functions of the operating systemDrivers
User management
File management
Multitasking
User interface
Memory management
Peripheral management - 7User interfaceWhat we use to interact with a computer. There are 3 types of user interface: Graphical, command-line and natural-language.
- 8Graphical user interface (GUI)The most common type of interface used to interact with computers.
Has icons and menus that we click to carry out tasks. - 9Command-line interface (CLI)Requires the user to type in the program commands for tasks that they want to preform.
- 10Natural-language interface (NLI)Allows a user to interact with a system by using linguistic commands - these commands are often spoken.
- 11Memory managementRefers to the managing of the computer's primary memory.
- 12MultitaskingAllows a user to run many different applications at a time.
- 13Peripheral managementControls the computer's interaction with all the peripheral devices that are linked to the computer system.
- 14User managementAllows multiple users to be able to log onto a computer system - allows each user that logs into the system do so with a username and password.
- 15File managementThe function that the operating system uses to organise and keep track of files stored on a computer's system.
Allows the user to see the data in the secondary storage (either a magnetic hard drive or a solid-state drive) in the form of structured files and folders. - 16Encryption softwareScrambling data to make it unreadable.
- 17DefragmentationBreaks the data up and stores it in the available spaces on the hard drive.
- 18Data compressionReduces the overall size of the file. Compression software uses a compression algorithm to reduce the file size. There are two types of compression algorithm: lossy and lossless.
- 19Lossy compressionReduces the size of the a file by permanently removing some of the data in the file - the data removed is often thought to be redundant or would make only a small difference in the file.
- 20Lossless compressionDoes not remove any of the original data from the file to reduce the size of it.
- 21Methods of backupBacking up is the process of making and storing copies of files in case of equipment failure or other damage that cause loss of data.
Full backup - all the files and folders selected for backup will be backed up.
Incremental backup - will only back up the files that have been backed up since the last backup was carried out. - 22Memory management is one of the main functions of an operation system. Explain how the operating system manages a computer's memory. [2]The operating system keeps track of each and every memory location to see whether it's in use or available to be used in a process.
- 23State 3 other functions of an operating system. [3]Drivers
User interface
Peripheral management - 24Explain two benefits of lossy compression. [4]Lossy compression reduces the size of your file - this makes more space on your hard drive and it doesn't take long to send it.
It doesn't decrease the quality of your photo/video. - 25Explain the difference between an incremental and a full back up. [4]A full backup backs up all of your files at once, whereas an incremental backup will only back up the files that have changed since their last back up.
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- Computer Science FlashCards sobre Chapter 3 - Systems software, criado por Caitlin Mulhall em 08-08-2019.
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- Caitlin Mulhall
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