Flashcards
Racial and ethnic diversity in the USA
Flashcards do conjunto (18)
- 1What were the changes in the US population?The USA were made up of mainly white Protestants and blacks were slaves. Native Americans weren't regarded as citizens either. During 19th-20th century things started to change.
- 2When was the end of the civil war?1865- brought the emancipation of the slaves
- 3Effects of Immigration?Brought new settlers: Irish Catholics, Jews, Hispanics from Mexico, refugees from Africa, the Middle East and Asia.
- 4The 1990sDuring the 1990's, those settlers that flooded in became 13 times the size of the non-Hispanic white population. 2010 census showed Hispanics (16.3%) more than African-Americans (12.3%).
- 5Major minority states?New Mexico, Texas, California and Hawaii are majority- minority states in which minorities make up a majority of the state's population. This will have a great significance for government and politics in the USA and already has.
- 6Civil RightsGrew out from the 1950s. This period saw a time where African-Americans were guaranteed rights. However, in places such as the deep South these rights weren't a reality. Blacks were 'separate but equal'- schools, jobs, public places etc
- 7Highlights of Civil Rights movementBrown v Board of Education (1954)
Bus boycott - Rosa Parks (1955)
Assassination of Martin Luther King (1968) - 8Important leaders of the Civil Rights movementJesse Jackson and the National Rainbow Coalition
Malcolm X
Martin Luther King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference - 9Affirmative ActionA programme that entails giving the members of a previously disadvantaged minority group a head start in such areas as higher education and employment.
- 10March 1961, President Kennedy. Also, President JohnsonEqual Employment Opportunity Commission. Kennedy orders that projects financed with federal funds 'take affirmative action'. So that workplaces would be free from racial bias.
- 11Reverse discrimination1978 Supreme court case: University of California v. Bakke, which concerned a white medical student, Allan Bakke who had been denied a place at the Uni even though lesser-qualified minority students were admitted.
- 12Affirmative Action casesGratz v. Bollinger (2003)
Meredith v. Jefferson (Kentucky) Board of Education (2007) - 13What is a Quota?A Quota is a programmed designed to benefit previously disadvantaged minorities by which a certain percentage of places is reserved for people from that category.
- 14For- Affirmative Action1. Leads to greater levels of diversity and multiculturalism
2. Rights previously wronged
3. Opens up areas of education and employment
4. Delivers equality of opportunity - 15Against- Affirmative Action1. Reverse discrimination
2. A.A can lead to minorities being admitted to courses which they are ill-equipped for
3. Demeans achievements
4. Focuses on groups rather than individuals - 16What did President Clinton say about Affirmative Action?'affirmative action has been good for America'
- 17Why has A.A failed?Some argue that because its a program based on race it is unlikely to move society. But others argue it has helped to remove prejudice towards minority groups. For example, Obama elected as president.
- 182003 Bollinger case conclusionsThe Supreme Court suggested that A.A programmes should have a shelf life for a further 25 years. In that we would be able to judge the success or failure of A.A programmes in the future.
Informações
- Descrição
- A2 Government and Politics- Racial and ethnic politics 19 Flash cards
- Criado por
- Oneica Williams
- Visualizações
- 103
- Tags
- Avaliação