Flashcards
Histology Ch. 2- Cell Structure and Function
Flashcards do conjunto (31)
- 1Define histology.Histology is the study of the tissues (cells, organs, organ system) of plants and animals.
- 2Histology is also known as:microscopic anatomy
- 3Define cell.Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the body.
OR
Cell is the basic unit of construction of organisms. - 4Cell structure defines:function
- 5The body is composed of:1) cells
2) connections between the cells
3) connections between the cells and extracellular matrix - 6Similar or related cells form ___. They serve a ___ ___ or function in a particular manner.a) tissues
b) common purpose - 7The four basic tissues are:1) supporting/connective tissue (including blood, although sometimes blood is considered a separate tissue)
2) epithelia
3) muscle
4) nervous - 8Tissues can contain a mixture of functionally specialized cells (___) and less specialized supporting tissue (___).a) parenchyma
b) stroma - 9Tissues form:organs
(e.g. liver, heart, eye) - 10Groups of organs that serve a common function are known as:organ systems
(e.g. digestion, reproduction, respiration) - 11Structure is ____ correlated with ___.a) highly
b) function - 12Functions are based on the ___ properties of cells. These include:a) physiological
1) irritability
2) conductivity
3) contractility
4) absorption
5) assimilation
6) secretion
7) excretion
8) respiration
9) growth
10) reproduction - 13Cell functions are basically:the synthesis and breakdown of molecules
- 14What are the basic molecules found in cells?1) proteins
2) carbohydrates
3) lipids
4) nucleic acids - 15The basic molecules form the ___ that we see as well as contribute to the ___ of the cell.a) structure
b) functioning - 16The basic components of the cell are the ___, divided into ___ and ___, subcellular elements known as ___, and ___.a) protoplasm
b) cytoplasm
c) nucleoplasm
d) organelles
e) cytoplasm - 17Each eukaryotic cell is surrounded by a ___ )also known as the cell membrame, plasmalemma, or plasma membrane).membrane
- 18The cell membrane is bilayered and semipermeable, composed of:1) amphipathic phospholipids
2) cholesterol (which is also amphipathic)
3) proteins - 19The phospholipids are amphipathic because they have:polar or hydrophilic heads and non-polar or hydrophobic tails
- 20Cholesterol in the cell membrane is ___ and provides ___.a) amphipathic
b) stability - 21The cell membrane being semipermeable means that:It permits some molecules to pass through but excludes some molecules require specific transport processes to get them, into or out of the cell.
- 22The phospholipid bilayer is ___. Molecules within it can move around a bit; this is also known as the "___ ___ ___" of the plasma membrane.a) flexible
b) fluid mosaic model - 23What are the functions of the cell membrane? 1. maintain ___ ___ of the cell 2. controls movement of substances ___ and ___ of the cell 3. regulates cell-cell ___ or ___ 4. recognize antigens, foreign cells, and ___ cells by way of ___ 5. acts as an ___ between cytoplasm and "beyond" 6. establishes ___ systems for specific molecules 7. changes extracellular ___ and/or ___ signals into ___ events (part of communication process).1. structural integrity
2. into; out
3. interactions; attachments
4. altered; receptors
5. interface
6. transport
7. physical; chemical; intracellular - 24The cell membrane proteins either span the lipid bilayer ( ___ or ___ proteins) or are present on the ___ (internal leaflet) side or external (outer leaflet) side ( ___ proteins).a) integral
b) transmembrane
c) cytoplasm
d) peripheral - 25Some transmembrane proteins are ___ proteins, having ___ folds from the ___ of the cell to the ___ with portions of protein molecules having receptor sites for specific ___ ___. The proteins have ___ ____.a) multipass
b) multiple
c) inside
d) outside
e) signaling proteins
f) limited mobility - 26The cell membrane is ___ visible with the ___ microscope.a) not
b) light - 27What is seen is the ___ or "fuzzy coat" of ___ chains attached to ___ proteins or ___ of the outer leaflet or extracellular matrix molecules.a) glycocalyx
b) carbohydrate
c) transmembrane proteins
d) phospholipids - 28The glycocalyx protects the cell from:1) toxins
2) chemical and physical injury
3) participates in cell-cell recognition and adhesion - 29___ (oxygen and lipids) and ___ ___ molecules (water) move across the cell membrane by ___ ___ in response to the ___ ___.a) Nonpolar
b) uncharged polar
c) passive diffusion
d) concentration gradient - 30Molecules move from ___ ___ to ___ until ___ are the same.a) high concentration
b) low concentration
c) concentrations - 31___ leak creates an ___ ___ across the membrane.b) Potassium
c) electrical potential
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- Histology FlashCards sobre Histology Ch. 2- Cell Structure and Function, criado por nerdy2641 em 05-09-2015.
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