Flashcards
Acids, Bases and Salts
Flashcards do conjunto (34)
- 1When mixed with water all acids release what?Hydrogen ions - H+
- 2When bases mix with water what happens?They grab hydrogen ions - H+
- 3Acids are proton what?Donors
- 4Bases are proton what?Acceptors
- 5Write the equation for sulfuric acid mixing with water?H2SO4 + H2O --> 2H+ + SO4(2-)
- 6Write the equation for hydrochloric acid mixing with water?HCl + H2O --> H+ + Cl-
- 7What do you get if an acid is mixed with water and the hydrogen ions are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions?A salt.
- 8Different acids produce different salts, Name the salts produced by sulphuric acid hydrochloric acid and nitric acid?Sulphates, chlorides and nitrates
- 9What happens when acids react with bases?They neutralise each other
- 10What is an alkali?A base that dissolves in water
- 11Name the three most common bases?Metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia.
- 12What are the two main alkalis?Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
- 13When alkalis are mixed with water what do they release?OH- ions
- 14What combines to cause neutralisation when acids are added to alkalis?The OH- ions join with the H+ ions producing water molecules.
- 15A metal oxide + an acid produces what?A salt and water
- 16Write the normal equation and the ionic equation for magnesium oxide being mixed with hydrochloric acid?MgO + 2HCl --> MgCl + H2O
O2- + 2H+ --> H2O - 17What is produced when a metal hydroxide mixes with an acid?Salt and water
- 18Write the normal equation and the ionic equation for potassium hydroxide mixing with hydrochloric acid?KOH + HCl --> KCl + H2O
OH- + H+ --> H2O - 19Name the main base used?Ammonia NH3
- 20Is aqueous ammonia an acid, base or alkali?An alkali
- 21What can then form when aqueous ammonia accepts a proton from an acid to form an ammonium ion?Ammonium salt
- 22Write two equations for ammonia reacting with nitric acid and sulphuric acid?NH3 + HNO3 --> NH4NO3
2NH3 + H2SO4 --> (NH4)2SO4 - 23What is the ionic equation for ammonia reacting with an acid?NH3 + H+ --> NH4+
- 24What is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?And metal salt and hydrogen
- 25Write the normal and ionic equation for magnesium reacting with sulphuric acid?Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
Mg + 2H+ --> Mg2+ + H2 - 26What is produced when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?A metal salt, carbon dioxide and water
- 27Write the normal and ionic equation for sodium carbonate reacting with hydrochloric acid?Na2CO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
CO3(2-) + 2H+ --> CO2+ H2O - 28What are the two types of salt?Anhydrous or hydrated
- 29What is water of crystallisation?The water in a lattice.
- 30What type of salt is a solid salt containing water of crystallisation?A hydrated salt
- 31Does and Anhydrous salt contain water of crystallisation?No
- 32How many moles of water of crystallisation does one mole of a particular hydrated salt have?It's formula will tell you (it's always a whole number)
- 33What happens when hydrated salts lose their water Crystallisation when heatedThey become anhydrous
- 34Solve: Heating 3.210g of hydrated magnesium sulfate, MgSO4 . XH2O, forms 1.567g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Find the value of x and write the formula of the hydrated salt.First, find the mass of water lost: 3.210-1.567 = 1.643g
Moles= mass/molar mass
1.643g/18= 0.0913moles
Molar mass of MgSO4=120gmol-1
Moles= 1.567/120=0.0131moles
0.0131moles of salt:0.0913moles of water
0.0131/0.0131=1 mole of salt. 0.0913/0.0131= 6.97moles of water
Since X must be a whole number you can round your result to 7
The formula = MgSO4 . 7H2O
Informações
- Descrição
- A Levels AS Chemistry (Unit 1 - module 1 atoms and reactions) FlashCards sobre Acids, Bases and Salts, criado por liblob12 em 14-04-2014.
- Criado por
- liblob12
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