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AP Bio Chapter 8
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Questions in this quiz (48)
1If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the 18O label. That one is
- APGA
- BPGAL
- Cglucose
- DRuBP
- EO2
2Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
- ACO2 and glucose
- BH2O and O2
- CADP, Pi, and NADP+
- Delectrons and H+
- EATP and NADPH
3Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
- Astroma of the chloroplast
- Bthylakoid membrane
- Ccytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast
- Dchlorophyll molecule
- Eouter membrane of the chloroplast
4In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary?
- Aautotrophs and heterotrophs
- Bproducers and primary consumers
- Cphotosynthesizers
- Dautotrophs
- Egreen plants
5In autotrophic bacteria, where are the enzymes located that can carry on organic synthesis?
- Achloroplast membranes
- Bnuclear membranes
- Cfree in the cytosol
- Dalong the outer edge of the nucleoid
- Ealong the inner surface of the plasma membrane
6When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a by-product of which of the following?
- Areducing NADP+
- Bsplitting the water molecules
- Cchemiosmosis
- Dthe electron transfer system of photosystem I
- Ethe electron transfer system of photosystem II
7What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?
- A420 mm
- B475 mm
- C575 mm
- D625 mm
- E730 mm
8The reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I is known as P700 because
- Athere are 700 chlorophyll molecules in the center.
- Bthis pigment is best at absorbing light with a wavelength of 700 nm.
- Cthere are 700 photosystem I components to each chloroplast.
- Dit absorbs 700 photons per microsecond.
- Ethe plastoquinone reflects light with a wavelength of 700 nm.
9Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?
- ALight energy excites electrons in the electron transport chain in a photosynthetic unit.
- BThe excitation is passed along to a molecule of P700 chlorophyll in the photosynthetic unit.
- CThe P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of protons to NADPH, which is thus converted to NADP+
- DThe electron vacancies in P680 are filled by electrons derived from water.
- EThe splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-product.
10What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?
- Aheat and fluorescence
- BATP and P700
- CATP and NADPH
- DADP and NADP
- EP700 and P680
11As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in 1 hour. You find 30,000 molecules of ATP consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from?
- Aphotosystem II
- Bphotosystem I
- Ccyclic electron flow
- Dlinear electron flow
- Echlorophyll
12Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?
- Athe splitting of water
- Bthe absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
- Cthe flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
- Dthe synthesis of ATP
- Ethe reduction of NADP+
13What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
- Aestablishment of a proton gradient
- Bdiffusion of electrons through the thylakoid membrane
- Creduction of water to produce ATP energy
- Dmovement of water by osmosis into the thylakoid space from the stroma
- Eformation of glucose, using carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP
14In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?
- Athylakoid membrane
- Bplasma membrane
- Cinner mitochondrial membrane
- DA and C
- EA, B, and C
15In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from
- Athe stroma to the photosystem II.
- Bthe matrix to the stroma.
- Cthe stroma to the thylakoid space.
- Dthe intermembrane space to the matrix.
- EATP synthase to NADP+ reductase.
16Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis.
- Brespiration.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration.
17What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?
- AThey have a direct, linear relationship.
- BThey are inversely related.
- CThey are logarithmically related.
- DThey are separate phenomena.
- EThey are only related in certain parts of the spectrum.
18In a protein complex for the light reaction (a reaction center), energy is transferred from pigment molecule to pigment molecule, to a special chlorophyll a molecule, and eventually to the primary electron acceptor. Why does this occur?
- AThe action spectrum of that molecule is such that it is different from other molecules of chlorophyll.
- BThe potential energy of the electron has to go back to the ground state.
- CThe molecular environment lets it boost an electron to a higher energy level and also to transfer the electron to another molecule.
- DEach pigment molecule has to be able to act independently to excite electrons.
- EThese chlorophyll a molecules are associated with higher concentrations of ATP.
19Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
- AThe light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP+ to the light reactions
- BThe light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle, and the cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions.
- CThe light reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO2 to produce sugars, and the Calvin cycle supplies the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP.
- DThe light reactions provide the Calvin cycle with oxygen for electron flow, and the Calvin cycle provides the light reactions with water to split.
- EThere is no relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
20What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
- Ause ATP to release carbon dioxide
- Buse NADPH to release carbon dioxide
- Csplit water and release oxygen
- Dtransport RuBP out of the chloroplast
- Esynthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
21Produces molecular oxygen (O2)
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
22Requires ATP
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
23Produces NADH
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
24Produces NADPH
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
25Produces three-carbon sugars
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
26Requires CO2
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
27Requires glucose
- Alight reactions alone
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
- Eoccurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
28The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured, as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find?
- AThe pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma.
- BThe pH of the stroma is higher than that of the other two measurements.
- CThe pH of the stroma is higher than that of the thylakoid space but lower than that of the cytosol.
- DThe pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that anywhere else in the cell.
- EThere is no consistent relationship.
29Which of the following statements is true concerning Figure 10.3?
- AIt represents cell processes involved in C4 photosynthesis.
- BIt represents the type of cell structures found in CAM plants.
- CIt represents an adaptation that maximizes photorespiration.
- DIt represents a C3 photosynthetic system
- EIt represents a relationship between plant cells that photosynthesize and those that cannot.
30Referring to Figure 10.3, oxygen would inhibit the CO2 fixation reactions in
- Acell I only
- Bcell II only
- Cneither cell I nor cell II.
- Dboth cell I and cell II.
- Ecell I during the night and cell II during the day.
31In which cell would you expect photorespiration?
- ACell I
- BCell II
- CCell I at night
- DCell II at night
- Eneither Cell I nor Cell II
32In an experiment studying photosynthesis performed during the day, you provide a plant with radioactive carbon (14C) dioxide as a metabolic tracer. The 14C is incorporated first into the organic acid oxaloacetate. The plant is best characterized as a
- AC4 plant
- BC3 plant
- CCAM plant
- Dheterotroph
- Echemoautotroph
33CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they
- Afix CO2 into organic acids during the night
- Bfix CO2 into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells
- Cfix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells.
- Duse the enzyme phosphofructokinase, which outcompetes rubisco for CO2
- Euse photosystems I and II at night.
34Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by preventing the formation of
- Acarbon dioxide molecules.
- B3-phosphoglycerate molecules
- CATP molecules.
- Dribulose bisphosphate molecules.
- ERuBP carboxylase molecules.
35Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
- ANADPH → O2→ CO2
- BH2O→ NADPH → Calvin cycle
- CNADPH ® chlorophyll ® Calvin cycle
- DH2O→ photosystem I → photosystem II
- ENADPH → electron transport chain →O2
36Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?
- Acarbon fixation
- Boxidation of NADPH
- Crelease of oxygen
- Dregeneration of the CO2 acceptor
- Econsumption of ATP
37Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?- ABacteria released excess carbon dioxide in these areas.
- BBacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light.
- CBacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released.
- DBacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.
- EBacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.
38Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
If you ran the same experiment without passing light through a prism, what would you predict?- AThere would be no difference in results.
- BThe bacteria would be relatively evenly distributed along the algal filaments.
- CThe number of bacteria present would decrease due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration.
- DThe number of bacteria present would increase due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration.
- EThe number of bacteria would decrease due to a decrease in the temperature of the water.
39Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
- ARespiration is the reversal of the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis.
- BPhotosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it.
- CPhotosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals.
- DATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration.
- ERespiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic.
40Synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis.
- Brespiration.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration.
41If ATP used by this plant is labeled with radioactive phosphorus, in which molecules will the radioactivity be measurable after one "turn" of the cycle?
- Ain B only
- Bin B and C only
- Cin B, C, and D only
- Din B and E only
- Ein B, C, D, and E
42If the carbon atom of the incoming CO2 molecule is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, where will the radioactivity be measurable after one cycle?
- Ain C only
- Bin B, D, and E only
- Cin C, D, and E
- Din A, B, and C
- Ein B and C
43In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. After phosphorylation and reduction produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle?
- Aaddition of a pair of electrons from NADPH
- Binactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme
- Cregeneration of ATP from ADP
- Dregeneration of RuBP
- Eregeneration of NADP+
44The phylogenetic distribution of the enzyme rubisco is limited to
- AC3 plants only
- BC3 and C4 plants
- Call photosynthetic eukaryotes.
- Dall known photoautotrophs, both bacterial and eukaryotic.
- Eall living cells.
45Photorespiration occurs when rubisco reacts RuBP with
- ACO2
- BO2
- Cglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
- D3-phosphoglycerate.
- ENADPH.
46A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide. Because the spaceship will be too far from the sun for photosynthesis, an artificial light source will be needed.
What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure?- Afull-spectrum white light
- Bgreen light
- Ca mixture of blue and red light
- Dyellow light
- EUV light
47A gardener is concerned that her greenhouse is getting too hot from too much light, and seeks to shade her plants with colored translucent plastic sheets, the color of which allows passage of only that wavelength. What color should she use to reduce overall light energy, but still maximize plant growth?
- Agreen
- Bblue
- Cyellow
- Dorange
- Eany color will work equally well
48Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that appears purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is the inverse of the action spectrum for green plants. (That is, the Halobacterium action spectrum has a peak where the green plant action spectrum has a trough.) What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?
- Ared and yellow
- Bblue, green, and red
- Cgreen and yellow
- Dred and green
- Eblue and red
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- Quiz on AP Bio Chapter 8, created by Brooke Nyenhuis on 20/01/2018.
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