Quiz
Viruses Quiz
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Questions in this quiz (23)
1Viruses are [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end] obligate parasites. They are not considered to be [blank_start]living[blank_end] because the lack the machinery for [blank_start]reproduction[blank_end].
- Aintracellular
- Bliving
- Creproduction
2What is a virion?
- AA complete intracellular form of a virus
- BAn incomplete intracellular form of a virus
- CA complete extracellular form of a virus
- DAn incomplete extracellular form of a virus
3The RNA or DNA of a virus is contained within the capsid which is formed by proteins called [blank_start]capsomeres[blank_end]. The [blank_start]nucleocapsid[blank_end] is the complete unit of nucleic acid and capsid.
- Acapsomeres
- Bnucleocapsid
4Some viruses are enveloped and this envelope consists mainly of lipid bilayer of [blank_start]host cell[blank_end] origin with integrated [blank_start]viral proteins[blank_end]. These enveloped viruses are generally susceptible to [blank_start]environmental[blank_end] factors.
- Ahost cell
- Bviral proteins
- Cenvironmental
5There are two main shapes of viruses: [blank_start]icosahedral[blank_end] (20-sided) or [blank_start]helical[blank_end] (an elongated capsid arranged around a spiral of nucleic acid). If a virus doesn't fit either of these two categories, then it is said to be [blank_start]complex[blank_end].
- Aicosahedral
- Bhelical
- Ccomplex
6Influenza is a virus which contains the proteins neuraminidase and haemagglutinin in its envelope. Haemaglutinin is the protein which allows release from the infected cell.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7Which of the following is NOT a type of inoculation by which a virus can enter the body?
- ASkin abrasions
- BThrough mucous membranes
- CThrough organ transplants
- DThrough transfusion
- EThrough the GI tract
8How is human papilloma virus spread?
- ABy mucosal membranes
- BThrough the respiratory tract
- CBy an insect or animal bite
- DThrough the GI tract
9There are several steps in the process of infection:
1) [blank_start]adsorption[blank_end]
2) [blank_start]penetration[blank_end]
3) [blank_start]viral genome replication[blank_end]
4) [blank_start]assembly[blank_end]
5) [blank_start]maturation[blank_end]6) [blank_start]release[blank_end]- Aadsorption
- Bpenetration
- Cmaturation
- Dviral genome replication
- Eviral genome replication
- Fmaturation
- Gpenetration
- Hrelease
- Irelease
- Jviral genome replication
- Kadsorption
- Lassembly
- Mmaturation
- Npenetration
- Oviral genome replication
- Passembly
- Qviral genome replication
- Rrelease
- Spenetration
- Tmaturation
- Urelease
- Vmaturation
- Wadsorption
- Xassembly
10The virus has [blank_start]receptors[blank_end] which allow binding to the host cell. Enveloped viruses will fuse with the [blank_start]host cell membrane[blank_end]. Naked viruses enter the host by [blank_start]endocytosis[blank_end]. Once inside the cell, the virus is uncoated by [blank_start]degrading enzymes[blank_end] and its genome is released into the cell.
- Areceptors
- Bhost cell membrane
- Cendocytosis
- Ddegrading enzymes
11In viral replication [blank_start]positive[blank_end] sense RNA is used directly as mRNA. [blank_start]Negative[blank_end] sense RNA is transcribed into positive sense RNA to be used as mRNA. For double stranded ran, the [blank_start]positive[blank_end] sense strand is used as mRNA.
- Apositive
- BNegative
- Cpositive
12Retroviruses have [blank_start]positive[blank_end] sense [blank_start]single[blank_end] stranded RNA which is converted to [blank_start]negative[blank_end] sense DNA by viral [blank_start]reverse transcriptase[blank_end] then transcribed by host polymerase into double stranded DNA. This is then transcribed into mRNA.
- Apositive
- Bsingle
- Cnegative
- Dreverse transcriptase
13Not all viruses require transcription to occur.
- ATrue
- BFalse
14When viruses are released from the cell, naked viruses are released by [blank_start]cell lysis[blank_end]. For enveloped viruses, new [blank_start]nucleocapsids[blank_end] associate with the host [blank_start]plasma membrane[blank_end] where viral proteins have been inserted. From here, the new virus then buds off, taking this region of the plasma membrane with them as an envelope.
- Abudding
- Bcell lysis
- Cendocytosis
- Dnucleocapsids
- Eviral DNA
- Fcapsids
- Gmitochondria
- Hrough ER
- IGolgi
- Jplasma membrane
15A virus can transform a host cell into a tumour cell.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16Which of the following is true of host cell transformation by a virus?
- AViruses can transform a cell by interfering with factors which promote differentiation
- BTransformation can occur when viral oncogenes are inserted into the host genome
- CTransformation can occur when viral DNA is inserted into the host genome near to a cellular oncogene
17Viral RNA polymerase rarely makes mistakes which is why viruses have no correction mechanism
- ATrue
- BFalse
18Antigenic variation is the mechanism by which an infectious agent alters its surface [blank_start]proteins[blank_end] in order to evade a host immune response. Antigenic variation is a way of overcoming the [blank_start]memory[blank_end] function of the host's [blank_start]adaptive[blank_end] immune system.
- Aproteins
- Bmemory
- Cadaptive
19Antigenic shift is more common than antigenic drift.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20[blank_start]Antigenic drift[blank_end] occurs when mutations accumulate within the genes that code for antibody-binding sites. [blank_start]Antigenic shift[blank_end] is when two or more strains of a virus combine to form a new subtype. This can create new pathogens. The rate of antigenic drift is increased by [blank_start]strong[blank_end] host immune response or [blank_start]long[blank_end] duration of epidemic.
- AAntigenic drift
- BAntigenic shift
- CAntigenic drift
- DAntigenic shift
- Eweak
- Fstrong
- Gshort
- Hlong
21The Baltimore classification system classifies viruses according to their type of genome and method of replication. The Holme's classification system classifies viruses based on what kind of organism they attack.
- ATrue
- BFalse
22A viral quasispecies is a group of viruses related by similar mutation(s) that compete within a highly mutagenic environment.
- ATrue
- BFalse
23Viruses are still a medical problem because...
- AThey have a high mutation rate which makes them resistant to vaccines
- BThe human immune system is bad at targeting viruses
- CA single infection can produce thousands to millions or progenies
- DHigh mutation rates can give rise to epidemics and pandemics
- EViruses are often capable of jumping the species barrier
- FHigh mutation rates means that B cells can't recognise their antigens
Information
- Description
- Virus Structure, Replication
- Author
- Lauren Horsburgh
- Language
- English
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- 6
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