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SCI

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USA-NM2 (Final) Quiz on SCI, created by Ben Williams on 26/02/2018.
Ben Williams
Quiz by Ben Williams, updated more than 1 year ago
Ben Williams
Created by Ben Williams about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
I can think of at least three indirect causes for spinal cord injury. Select False to review a few answers at the end of the quiz.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
Cervical trauma caused by rapid deceleration (as in a head on collision), is NOT likely to result in neurological injury.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
Diving into a shallow pool may cause a Tear Drop Fracture. Which of the following describes the MOI?
Answer
  • Extreme cervical flexion with axial loading
  • Cervical Flexion
  • Cervical Flexion with Rotation
  • Cervical Extension

Question 4

Question
Diving into a shallow pool is likely to cause which of the following types of cervical injuries?
Answer
  • Extreme Flexion with Axial Loading
  • Vertical Compression
  • Flexion with Rotation
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Lateral Flexion

Question 5

Question
Which of the following types of cervical injuries generally result in stable fractures without neurological involvement?
Answer
  • Extreme Flexion with Axial Loading
  • Vertical Compression
  • Flexion with Rotation
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Lateral Flexion

Question 6

Question
A Hangman's Fracture is generally caused by which of the following traumatic cervical movements?
Answer
  • Flexion
  • Flexion with Axial Loading
  • Extension
  • Vertical Compression

Question 7

Question
An SCI due to cervical extension, is commonly caused by which of the following MOIs?
Answer
  • Falling and striking the chin from below
  • Getting rear-ended (MVA)
  • Head-on Collision (MVA)
  • Diving into a shallow pool

Question 8

Question
Thoracic SCI are most commonly caused by traumatic movements in which of the following directions?
Answer
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Flexion with Rotation
  • Vertical Compression
  • Extension with Lateral Flexion

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is the most likely traumatic movement of the lumbar spine resulting in SCI following a MVA?
Answer
  • Flexion with Distraction
  • Flexion
  • Flexion with Rotation
  • Shear
  • Vertical Compression

Question 10

Question
Which of the following is likely to cause an SCI via Shear forces?
Answer
  • Head-on MVA
  • Rear-End Collision MVA
  • Being struck from behind by a heavy object
  • Falling onto an uneven surface (e.g. landing flat across a parking curb)
  • Diving into a shallow pool

Question 11

Question
I can list the 4 mechanisms of secondary tissue destruction following an SCI. If not, select false to review them at the end of the quiz.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
Name that syndrome
Image:
Central Cord (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 13

Question
Name that Syndrome
Image:
Brown Sequard (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 14

Question
Name that Syndrome
Image:
Anterior Cord Syndrome (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 15

Question
Which syndrome is most likely to occur from the following MOI? Mechanism of Injury (MOI): central hemorrhage and necrosis that does not progress outward, usually extension injuries in the elderly, but can also occur with flexion injuries
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 16

Question
Which syndrome is most likely to occur from the following MOI? MOI: gun shot or stab wounds, flexion with rotation, burst fractures
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 17

Question
Which syndrome is most likely to occur from the following MOI? MOI: trauma to cord itself, damage to anterior spinal artery, damage from a tear drop or burst fracture
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 18

Question
Which syndrome is most likely to occur from the following MOI? MOI: cervical hyperextension injuries
Answer
  • Central Cord Syndrome
  • Brown Sequard Syndrome
  • Anterior Cord Syndrome
  • Posterior Cord Syndrome

Question 19

Question
Select the proper symptoms of Conus Medullaris Syndrome and Cauda Equina Syndrome.
Answer
  • Areflexic bowel and bladder
  • Hyperreflexic bowel and bladder
  • Flaccid paralysis of LE
  • Flaccid paralysis of UE
  • Hypertonicity of LE
  • Hypertonicity of UE

Question 20

Question
Despite a dearth of supprotive clinical evidence, there are several commonly used neuroprotective pharmaceuticals (Methylprednisone, GM-1, Gacyclidine, Tirilazad, and Naloxone).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
For a patient that needs stability for the cervical spine in all directions, which of the following orthosis would be good choices?
Answer

Question 22

Question
For a patient that needs stability for the upper and mid cervical spine in flexion, which of the following orthosis would be good choices?
Answer

Question 23

Question
For a patient that needs stability for the mid and lower cervical spine in flexion, which of the following orthosis would be good choices?
Answer

Question 24

Question
Which of the following orthoses would be best if you needed to limit all trunk movements?
Answer

Question 25

Question
Which of the following orthoses would be best if you needed to limit flexion, but encourage extension of the the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine?
Answer

Question 26

Question
Which of the following orthoses would be best if you needed to limit lumbar flexion, extension, and lateral flexion, but allow thoracic rotation?
Answer

Question 27

Question
Of the following orthoses, which one is not generally used as part of a post-surgical rehab plan, because it doesn't actually limit movements in the spine?
Answer

Question 28

Question
If you didn't need to limit spinal movements, but simply provide kinesthetic reminders to the patient, which of the following orthoses would be appropriate?
Answer

Question 29

Question
To prevent ulcers and respiratory infections, how frequently should a patient be rolled in bed?
Image:
Bed (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Every 15-minutes
  • Every hour
  • Every 2-hours
  • Twice a day

Question 30

Question
How often should a patient in a wheelchair perform pressure relief?
Image:
Wheelchair (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Every 5-minutes
  • Every 10-15-minutes
  • Every 30-60-minutes
  • Once a day

Question 31

Question
Which of the following are the proper precautions for a Cervical Collar or Halo?
Answer
  • No Prone
  • No Lifting >5-lbs unilaterally
  • No Hip Flexion >90-degrees
  • No SLR >60-degrees
  • Logrolling only
  • No Shoulder ABD or Flexion >90-degrees
  • No Shoulder ABD >90-degrees
  • No Cervical Ext >60-degrees
  • No Supine
  • No Hip Extension past Neutral

Question 32

Question
Which of the following are the proper precautions for a TLSO?
Answer
  • No Prone
  • No Lifting >5-lbs unilaterally
  • No Hip Flexion >90-degrees
  • No SLR >60-degrees
  • Logrolling only
  • No Shoulder ABD or Flexion >90-degrees
  • No Shoulder ABD >90-degrees
  • No Cervical Ext >60-degrees
  • No Supine
  • No Hip Extension past Neutral

Question 33

Question
Which of the following are the proper precautions for a LSO?
Answer
  • No Prone
  • No Lifting >5-lbs unilaterally
  • No Hip Flexion >90-degrees
  • No SLR >60-degrees
  • Logrolling only
  • No Shoulder ABD or Flexion >90-degrees
  • No Shoulder ABD >90-degrees
  • No Cervical Ext >60-degrees
  • No Supine
  • No Hip Extension past Neutral

Question 34

Question
Which of the following activities violate Scapular Precautions for patients with tetrapelgia (or high paraplegia) and a surgical incision through the trapezius?
Answer
  • Using arms to pull on bed rail during rolling
  • Cardio exercise with the UE bike
  • Push-up Pressure Relief
  • Reaching for a cup on the bedside table
  • Reaching for a cup on the lapboard
  • Independent Transfer with a Slideboard
  • Independent Transfer without a Slideboard
  • Lat Pull-downs with Resistance Band
  • Bicep Curls with Resistance Band

Question 35

Question
Patients with SCI will lose the ability to shiver or sweat BELOW the level of lesion because of the loss of sympathetic and somatic systems. This is a complication of thermoregulation.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
While working with your patient he suddenly complains that his ears are ringing and he is feeling light-headed. As you sit him down on the mat, he says he feels sick to his stomach. Of the SCI Complications we have studied, which do you suspect?
Answer
  • Orthostatic Hypotension
  • Autonomic Dysreflexia
  • Thermoregulation

Question 37

Question
While working with your patient, you begin to suspect that he has orthostatic hypotension. What should you do?
Answer
  • Recline Patient
  • Monitor BP
  • Sit Patient Up
  • Stand Patient Up
  • Search for Source of Irritation
  • Call the Nurse!

Question 38

Question
While working with your patient, you begin to suspect that he has autonomic dysreflexia. What should you do?
Answer
  • Recline Patient
  • Monitor BP
  • Sit Patient Up
  • Stand Patient Up
  • Search for Source of Irritation
  • Call the Nurse!

Question 39

Question
Which of the following are Symptoms of Orthostatic Hypotension?
Answer
  • Loss of Vision
  • Dizziness
  • Ringing in the Ears
  • Nausea
  • Lightheadedness
  • Bradycardia
  • Inc. BP
  • Anxiety
  • Paling of the Skin
  • Sweating

Question 40

Question
Which of the following are Symptoms of Autonomic Dysreflexia?
Answer
  • Loss of Vision
  • Dizziness
  • Ringing in the Ears
  • Nausea
  • Lightheadedness
  • Bradycardia
  • Inc. BP
  • Anxiety
  • Paling of the Skin
  • Sweating

Question 41

Question
Which of the following occurs when a noxious stimulus below the level of lesion triggers an excessive sympathetic response. Generally, occurs with injuries above T6.
Answer
  • Orthostatic Hypotension
  • Autonomic Dysreflexia
  • Spasticity

Question 42

Question
According to the VOPP, which of the following possible triggers for Autonomic Dysreflexia is most common?
Answer
  • Bladder or Foley Catheter Issue
  • Pressure Sore
  • Ingrown Toenail
  • Muscle Spasm
  • ROM Exercises

Question 43

Question
Spasticity is Velocity-Dependent.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
Which of the following are related to UMN Spasticity?
Answer
  • Caused by damage to descending tracts
  • Spastic Paralysis
  • Clonus
  • Inc. Deep Tendon Reflexes
  • Muscle Spasms
  • Abnormal Reflex to Cutaneous Stimuli
  • Caused by Damage to Anterior Horn Cells
  • Flaccid Paralysis
  • Decreased or Absent Deep Tendon Reflexes
  • Caused by Conus Medullaris or Cauda Equina Injuries

Question 45

Question
Which of the following are related to LMN Spasticity?
Answer
  • Caused by damage to descending tracts
  • Spastic Paralysis
  • Clonus
  • Inc. Deep Tendon Reflexes
  • Muscle Spasms
  • Abnormal Cutaneous Stimuli
  • Caused by Damage to Anterior Horn Cells
  • Flaccid Paralysis
  • Decreased or Absent Deep Tendon Reflexes
  • Caused by Conus Medullaris or Cauda Equina Injuries

Question 46

Question
How might Spasticity be viewed as a good thing?
Answer
  • Can prevent loss of muscle and tone
  • Can assist in preventing muscle edema and thrombus formation
  • Can assist in circulation by constricting the venous walls and raising blood pressure, thereby reducing hypotension

Question 47

Question
Which of the following are triggers for spasticity?
Answer
  • Quick, passive stretch of muscle
  • Ingrown toenail
  • UTI
  • Bowel Impaction
  • Muscle Spasm
  • Tickling
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