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J27601

Liam Hill 8 questions

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Questions in this quiz (8)

  1. 1The difference between RAM and ROM
    RAM stands for [blank_start]Random Access[blank_end] Memory, ROM stands for [blank_start]Read Only[blank_end] Memory.
    RAM is [blank_start]volatile[blank_end] which means all data is [blank_start]lost[blank_end] when there is [blank_start]no power source[blank_end], whereas ROM is [blank_start]non-volatile[blank_end] meaning it retains its data.
    RAM contains all data, files and programs that [blank_start]are being used[blank_end] whilst the computer is [blank_start]on[blank_end], whereas ROM contains [blank_start]all the instructions[blank_end] a computer needs to [blank_start]boot up[blank_end] (the [blank_start]BIOS[blank_end]).
    1. ARandom Access
    2. BRead Only
    3. Cvolatile
    4. Dnon-volatile
    5. Elost
    6. Fno power source
    7. Gare being used
    8. Hon
    9. Iall the instructions
    10. Jboot up
    11. KBIOS
  2. 2The purpose of ROM in a computer system
    Contains the [blank_start]BIOS[blank_end] - this is a [blank_start]ROM[blank_end] chip.
    The main roles of the BIOS are:
    - [blank_start]Test[blank_end] the hardware
    - Locate the [blank_start]Operating System[blank_end]
    - [blank_start]Load[blank_end] the drivers
    - [blank_start]CMOS[blank_end] setup
    [blank_start]Boot strap[blank_end] - the [blank_start]first[blank_end] piece of code that runs when a machine starts and is responsible for [blank_start]loading the OS[blank_end].
    [blank_start]Firmware[blank_end] - permanent [blank_start]hardware[blank_end] stored on the [blank_start]ROM[blank_end]. Used ton control [blank_start]hardware[blank_end] or [blank_start]embedded systems[blank_end].
    1. ABIOS
    2. BROM
    3. CTest
    4. DOperating System
    5. ELoad
    6. FCMOS
    7. GBoot strap
    8. Hfirst
    9. Iloading the OS
    10. JFirmware
    11. Khardware
    12. LROM
    13. Mhardware
    14. Nembedded systems
  3. 3The purpose of RAM in a computer system
    RAM stores all data, [blank_start]files[blank_end] and programs currently being used whilst the computer is [blank_start]on[blank_end].
    The purpose of RAM is to [blank_start]store[blank_end] the operating system which is [blank_start]copied[blank_end] to it from [blank_start]secondary[blank_end] storage when a computer boots up.
    1. Afiles
    2. Bon
    3. Cstore
    4. Dcopied
    5. Esecondary
  4. 4The need for virtual memory
    Virtual memory may be needed if there are [blank_start]too many applications[blank_end] open at once or if there is a particularly [blank_start]memory-intensive[blank_end] application open.
    The Process:
    1) [blank_start]RAM[blank_end] becomes [blank_start]full[blank_end].
    5) Any information that [blank_start]hasn't[blank_end] been used recently is transferred to [blank_start]secondary storage.[blank_end]
    3) This allows the [blank_start]computer[blank_end] to [blank_start]cope[blank_end] with what it is trying to do.
    4) [blank_start]Every[blank_end] time the information stored on the secondary storage (now virtual memory) is needed, it has to be [blank_start]moved[blank_end] back to [blank_start]RAM[blank_end] first. This is known as [blank_start]paging[blank_end].
    A constant state of paging is known as [blank_start]thrashing the disk[blank_end].
    1. Atoo many applications
    2. Bmemory-intensive
    3. CRAM
    4. Dfull
    5. Ehasn't
    6. Fsecondary storage.
    7. Gcomputer
    8. Hcope
    9. IEvery
    10. Jmoved
    11. KRAM
    12. Lpaging
    13. Mthrashing the disk
  5. 5Flash memory
    It is also known as [blank_start]EEPROM[blank_end] ([blank_start]Electronically[blank_end] Erasable [blank_start]Programmable[blank_end] Read Only Memory)
    It is where [blank_start]instructions[blank_end] or [blank_start]data[blank_end] can be erased [blank_start]electronically[blank_end] and [blank_start]replaced[blank_end].
    Flash memory is often used in [blank_start]ROM chips[blank_end] and is a very common type of [blank_start]non-volatile memory[blank_end].
    Used in SD cards, [blank_start]USB sticks[blank_end] and SSDs. It is a form of [blank_start]static RAM[blank_end] which means it doesn't lose [blank_start]charge[blank_end] whilst in use.
    1. AElectronically
    2. BProgrammable
    3. CEEPROM
    4. Dinstructions
    5. Edata
    6. Felectronically
    7. Greplaced
    8. HROM chips
    9. Inon-volatile memory
    10. JUSB sticks
    11. Kstatic RAM
    12. Lcharge
  6. 6The need for secondary storage
    Secondary storage is [blank_start]non-volatile[blank_end] and it's where all [blank_start]data[blank_end] (such as the OS and [blank_start]user files[blank_end]) are stored when [blank_start]not in use[blank_end].
    Examples of secondary storage are [blank_start]HDDs[blank_end], SSDs, CDs and [blank_start]SD cards[blank_end].
    [blank_start]Read/write[blank_end] speeds are much [blank_start]slower[blank_end] compared to [blank_start]primary[blank_end] storage.
    1. Anon-volatile
    2. Buser files
    3. Cdata
    4. Dnot in use
    5. EHDDs
    6. FSD cards
    7. GRead/write
    8. Hslower
    9. Iprimary
  7. 7Data Capacity
    Text file: [blank_start]1 byte[blank_end] + 10% (x1.1) for [blank_start]overheads[blank_end] and divide by 1000 to convert to [blank_start]KB[blank_end].
    Sound file: [blank_start]bytesPerSample[blank_end] x [blank_start]samplesPerSecond[blank_end] x [blank_start]channel[blank_end] (stereo = 2, mono = 1) x [blank_start]duration[blank_end] (seconds)
    Database: no. of [blank_start]bytes per record[blank_end] x total no. of [blank_start]records[blank_end] + 10% (x1.1) for [blank_start]overheads[blank_end] and divide by 1000 to convert to KB.
    Image file: no. of [blank_start]bytes per pixel[blank_end] x number of [blank_start]pixels[blank_end] + 10% (x1.1) for overheads, i.e. metadata
    Max no. of combinations = 2^(number of bits)

    Text - [blank_start]1 byte per character[blank_end]
    Integer - [blank_start]4/8 bytes[blank_end]
    Real - [blank_start]4/8 bytes[blank_end]
    Boolean - [blank_start]1 byte[blank_end]
    Date - [blank_start]8 bytes[blank_end]
    1. A1 byte
    2. Boverheads
    3. CKB
    4. DbytesPerSample
    5. EsamplesPerSecond
    6. Fchannel
    7. Gduration
    8. Hbytes per record
    9. Irecords
    10. Joverheads
    11. Kbytes per pixel
    12. Lpixels
    13. M1 byte per character
    14. N4/8 bytes
    15. O4/8 bytes
    16. P1 byte
    17. Q8 bytes
  8. 8Common Types of Storage
    Optical - [blank_start]laser light[blank_end] creates marks on the disk and detects where they are and [blank_start]translates[blank_end] this into a [blank_start]readable[blank_end] format.
    Magnetic - stores data in the form of tiny [blank_start]magnetised dots[blank_end]. They are created and read using [blank_start]magnetic fields[blank_end] created by tiny [blank_start]electromagnets[blank_end].
    Solid state - made from [blank_start]microchips[blank_end], has no [blank_start]moving parts[blank_end], stores data [blank_start]electronically[blank_end] instead of electromagnetically.
    1. Alaser light
    2. Btranslates
    3. Creadable
    4. Dmagnetised dots
    5. Emagnetic fields
    6. Felectromagnets
    7. Gmicrochips
    8. Hmoving parts
    9. Ielectronically

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Description
Quiz on J27601, created by Liam Hill on 05/05/2018.
Author
Liam Hill
Language
English
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