Copy and Edit

Week 1: Mind, brain and genes

Description

HPS775 (Week 01: Brain, mind and genes) Quiz on Week 1: Mind, brain and genes, created by wadey on 09/10/2014.
wadey
Quiz by wadey, updated more than 1 year ago
wadey
Created by wadey over 9 years ago
183
0
0

Resource summary

Question 1

Question
An evolutionary explanation describes why a structure or behaviour evolved
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
An ontogenetic explanation is one that describes the development of a structure
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
The view of the brain from below is called the _____ view
Answer
  • Dorsal
  • Anterior
  • Linear
  • Ventral

Question 4

Question
An autosomal gene is a gene:
Answer
  • That shows no evidence of crossing over
  • On the X chromosome
  • On the Y chromosome
  • On any chromosome other than the X or Y chromosome

Question 5

Question
Sex-limited genes are found on:
Answer
  • Any chromosome
  • X chromosomes only
  • Y chromosomes only
  • X and Y chromosomes

Question 6

Question
If a group of individuals shares a highly similar environment, what effect does this have on the heritability estimate of a characteristic?
Answer
  • It is determined by the power of the environmental factors
  • Heritability will be low
  • Heritability will be high
  • Heritability estimates will be unaffected

Question 7

Question
Individuals affected with PKU need to avoid
Answer
  • Sunlight
  • Foods high in phenylalanine
  • Foods high in vitamin K
  • Alcohol

Question 8

Question
Why do children with PKU become mentally retarded?
Answer
  • Their immune system do not fight off brain infections
  • Dendrites and synapses fail to form in associative areas of the cortex
  • Unmetabolised amino acids accumulate and affect the brain
  • Essential axons lack myelin sheaths

Question 9

Question
Which of the following BEST describes the concept of evolution?
Answer
  • "Always look for ways to improve"
  • "Survival of the fittest"
  • "Reproduction of the fittest"
  • "If you don't use it, you lose it"

Question 10

Question
The theory of evolution through the inheritance of acquired characteristics is known as:
Answer
  • Huxley's evolution
  • Lamarckian evolution
  • Darwinian evolution
  • Artificial evolution

Question 11

Question
An evolutionary psychologist would likely be most interested in studying:
Answer
  • Neurotransmitters in primates
  • Altruistic behaviours of meerkats
  • Cardiovascular function across species
  • Anatomy of the rat brain

Question 12

Question
Why is a genetic explanation for altruism problematic?
Answer
  • No behaviour has been linked to any genes
  • Only non-human animals exhibit altruistic behaviours
  • Altruistic behaviours rarely benefit the individual performing them
  • Altruism is more common among the young than among adults

Question 13

Question
If a person believes that hormones released at different stages of the menstrual cycle affects a person's mood, then it would be considered a(n) ________ explanation.
Answer
  • Function
  • Ontogenetic
  • Physiological
  • Evolutionary

Question 14

Question
An _____ explanation describes how a structure or behaviour develops, including the influence of genes, nutrition, experiences, and their interactions
Answer
  • Functional
  • Ontogenetic
  • Physiological
  • Evolutionary

Question 15

Question
A problem facing dualism is:
Answer
  • Explaining the relationship between mind and spirit
  • Explaining how neural activity produces mental activity
  • Explaining how a non-physical mind can influence a physical brain
  • Explaining why the mind has non-physical properties

Question 16

Question
If you believe the mind and brain to be separate, but somehow interact with each other, you would be considered a:
Answer
  • Dualist
  • Materialist
  • Monist
  • Separatist

Question 17

Question
Mentalism refers to:
Answer
  • The view that only the mind really exists and that they physical world could not exist unless some mind were aware of it.
  • The view that everything that exists is material, or physical
  • The view that mental processes and certain kinds of brain processes are the same thing described in different terms
  • The belief that the mind and body are different kinds of substance that exist independently.

Question 18

Question
Which of the following positions would most likely be considered the opposite of materialism?
Answer
  • Monism
  • Mentalism
  • Identity position
  • Solipism

Question 19

Question
Chromosomes consist of large, double-stranded molecules of:
Answer
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid
  • Ribonucleic acid
  • Autosomal genes
  • Recombination genes

Question 20

Question
RNA is:
Answer
  • An exact copy of DNA
  • A complementary copy of one strand of a DNA molecule
  • The combination of many proteins
  • The product of digesting DNA

Question 21

Question
Suppose 'A' is a dominant gene and 'a' is a recessive gene. One parent has genes Aa and the other parent has genes aa. What genes will the children probably have?
Answer
  • All will be AA
  • All will be aa
  • 3/4 will be Aa; 1/4 will be aa
  • 1/2 will be Aa; 1/2 will be aa

Question 22

Question
Suppose both the father and mother are 'heterozygous' for the gene that controls the ability to curl the tongue lengthwise, and this gene is dominant. What can we predict about their children?
Answer
  • All will be heterozygous for the ability to curl
  • All will be homozygous for the ability to curl
  • All will be heterozygous for the inability to curl
  • They may be homozygous or heterozygous for the ability to curl, or homozygous for the inability to curl

Question 23

Question
Almost all humans have 23 pairs of which of the following?
Answer
  • RNA
  • Chromosomes
  • Genes
  • Autosomes

Question 24

Question
In carrying out a particular visual task, what advice would help a patient with spatial neglect?
Answer
  • Tell the person to look to the right
  • Tell them to keep their hands from crossing over each other
  • Tell them to close one eye and complete the task monocularly
  • Tell the person to look to the left

Question 25

Question
Spatial neglect is generally associated with damage to the:
Answer
  • Postcentral gyrus
  • Precentral gyrus
  • Fusiform gyrus
  • Parietal cortex

Question 26

Question
Determinists believe that:
Answer
  • Free will does not exist
  • The mind is entirely independent of the brain
  • The mind controls the body
  • The complexity of the brain has been exaggerated

Question 27

Question
Which of the following concepts is not associated with a type of dualism?
Answer
  • Mind is an epiphenomenon
  • The identity position
  • Mind and brain closely interact
  • Mind and brain are separate and do not always interact

Question 28

Question
The proposition that the mind is a new, emerging product of the brain is consisted with:
Answer
  • Materialism
  • Dualism
  • Monism
  • Determinism

Question 29

Question
Mental events can be described as epiphenomena if they:
Answer
  • Are identical to brain events
  • Influence consciousness
  • Do not affect brain events
  • All of the above warrant use of the term "epiphenomenon"

Question 30

Question
The results of the Benjamin Libet demonstration suggest which of the following sequences of events is correct?
Answer
  • Brain activity first; the experience of free-will second
  • The experience of free will first; brain activity second
  • Brain activity and the experience of free-will together at the same time
  • None of the above sequences is in the correct order according to Libet's demonstration

Question 31

Question
Which of the following is a statement typical of evolutionary psychology?
Answer
  • "Psychological depression may be adaptive to certain individuals, particularly for individuals of low social rank"
  • "Psychological depression may be advantageous under certain circumstances, particularly in dangerous and/or competitive environments"
  • "Given the persistence and high prevalence of psychological depression to this day, it is unlikely that depression is a disease state in the strict sense of the term"
  • All of the above statements are valid examples of evolutionary psychology

Question 32

Question
_____ is an attentional deficit that is commonly associated with _____ brain damage.
Answer
  • Neglect; left parietal
  • Neglect; right parietal
  • Inattentional blindness; left parietal
  • Inattentional blindness; right parietal

Question 33

Question
The tendency to see something as moving back and forth between two positions when in fact it is alternately blinking on and off in those positions is called:
Answer
  • Inattentional blindness
  • Binocular rivalry
  • Phi phenomenon
  • Backward masking

Question 34

Question
A brief visual stimulus after another brief stimulus that leads to failure to remember the first, is called:
Answer
  • Inattentional blindness
  • Binocular rivalry
  • Phi phenomenon
  • Backward masking

Question 35

Question
When perception alternates between two patterns, viewed as separate images by each eye. Because the brain cannot perceive two things in the same location.
Answer
  • Inattentional blindness
  • Binocular rivalry
  • Phi phenomenon
  • Backward masking

Question 36

Question
When something complex changes slowly, or changes while blinking, it will probably go unnoticed unless attentions was given to the particular item that changes
Answer
  • Inattentional blindness
  • Binocular rivalry
  • Phi phenomenon
  • Backward masking

Question 37

Question
An unintentional reaction to a stimulus that draw's one's attention to something (e.g. a deer running in a park)
Answer
  • Bottom-up attention
  • Top-down attention
  • Epiphenomenon
  • Free will

Question 38

Question
If you believe that the mind is a product of the brain you would be considered a:
Answer
  • Mind
  • Interactionist
  • Dualist
  • Mentalist

Question 39

Question
The gene for high sensitivity to PTC is dominant and low sensitivity is recessive. Suppose you have high sensitivity to tasting PTC (phenylthiocarbamide). If your mother can also taste it easily, what (if anything, can you predict about your father's ability to taste it?
Answer
  • Your father must also be high sensitivity to PTC
  • Your father must be low sensitivity to PTC
  • Your father must have one dominant gene and one recessive
  • We can make no predictions about your father

Question 40

Question
Suppose you have high sensitivity to PTC (involves a dominant gene). If your mother has low sensitivity (homozygous recessive), what (if anything) can you predict about your father's taste sensitivity?
Answer
  • He must have high sensitivity
  • He must have low sensitivity
  • He must have one dominant gene and one recessive
  • We can make no prediction about his sensitivity

Question 41

Question
A sex linked gene is on _____ chromosomes, whereas sex-limited genes are on _____ chromosomes
Answer
  • Any, sex
  • Sex, any
  • Y, any
  • Any, Y

Question 42

Question
Sex limited genes are activated by:
Answer
  • Vitamins
  • Enzymes
  • Hormones
  • Nones of the above

Question 43

Question
Adding a methyl group to a histone molecule _____ it's grip on DNA, exposing _____ genes to possible activation
Answer
  • Loosens, more
  • Loosens, fewer
  • Tightens, more
  • Tightens, fewer

Question 44

Question
Adding an acetyl group to a histone molecule _____ it's grip on DNA, exposing _____ genes to possible activation
Answer
  • Loosens, more
  • Loosens, fewer
  • Tightens, more
  • Tightens, fewer

Question 45

Question
What are the main types of evidence to estimate the heritability of some behaviour?
Answer
  • Similarity between monozygotic and dizygotic twins
  • Resemblance between adopted children and biological parents
  • Determine whether the gene is more common than average among people who show a particular behaviour
  • All of the above

Question 46

Question
Suppose someone determines the heritability of IQ scores for a given population. Then society changes in a way that provides the best possible opportunity for everyone within that population. Heritability will:
Answer
  • Increase
  • Decrease
  • Stay the same
  • Impossible to tell

Question 47

Question
A mind-body philosophy marked by the belief that basic physical events (sense organs, nerve impulses, muscle contractions) are causal with respect to mental events (thoughts, consciousness and cognition):
Answer
  • Interactionism
  • Epiphenomenalism
  • Parallelism
  • Determinism

Question 48

Question
A mind-body philosophy that the mind and body don't interact with each other, but simply run along side each other and there happens to be a correlation between the two, but neither causes each other:
Answer
  • Interactionism
  • Epiphenomenalism
  • Parallelism
  • Determinism

Question 49

Question
A mind-body philosophy that mind and brain being distinct and independent, exert causal effects on one another:
Answer
  • Interactionism
  • Epiphenomenalism
  • Parallelism
  • Determinism

Question 50

Question
The ability to inhibit impulses develop gradually from infancy to teen years, reflecting the gradual maturation of the frontal lobes in your brain. This is a(n) _____ explanation.
Answer
  • Functional
  • Evolutionary
  • Physiological
  • Ontogenetic

Question 51

Question
Chemical reactions that enable hormones to influence brain activity is an example of a(n) _____ explanation.
Answer
  • Functional
  • Evolutionary
  • Physiological
  • Ontogenetic

Question 52

Question
A species with an appearance that camouflages with the background, being advantageous against predators is a(n) _____ explanation:
Answer
  • Functional
  • Evolutionary
  • Physiological
  • Ontogenetic

Question 53

Question
Human goose bumps and monkeys using tools are examples of a(n) _____ explanation
Answer
  • Functional
  • Evolutionary
  • Physiological
  • Ontogenetic

Question 54

Question
The spreading of genes; the number of copies in one's genes that endure in later generations
Answer
  • Fitness
  • Genetic drift
  • Natural selection
  • Kin selection

Question 55

Question
The process in nature, where only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characteristics in increasing numbers to succeeding generations
Answer
  • Natural selection
  • Evolution
  • Lamarckian evolution
  • Fitness

Question 56

Question
Many people believe that the human appendix is useless. Because it is seen to be useless, will it become smaller and smaller with each generation?
Answer
  • Within the next fifty years
  • Within the next hundred years
  • Gradually, over the next thousand years
  • No
Show full summary Hide full summary

Want to create your own Quizzes for free with GoConqr? Learn more.

Similar

George- Of mice and men
Elinor Jones
AQA GCSE Physics Unit 2.2
Matthew T
A2 Organic Chemistry - Reactions
yannycollins
Calculus I
GraceEChem
Physics equations GCSE
Mia Jones
How did Hitler challenge and exploit the Treaty of Versailles 1933 - March 1938?
Leah Firmstone
Sociology- Key Concepts
Becky Walker
Peace and Conflict Flashcards - Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies Unit 8
nicolalennon12
AQA Physics: A2 Unit 4
Michael Priest
Certification Prep_tubes
Tonya Franklin
Jobs in Health Care
Carina Storm
Browse Library