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Carbon Chapter 4
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Questions in this quiz (16)
1The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that
- Asimple organic compounds can be synthesized in the laboratory from inorganic
precursors, but complex organic compounds like carbohydrates and proteins can only
be synthesized by living organisms - Ba life force ultimately controls the activities of living organisms and this life force
cannot be studied by physical or chemical methods. - Calthough a life force, or vitalism, exists in living organisms, this life force cannot be
studied by physical or chemical methods. - Dliving organisms are composed of the same elements present in nonliving things, plus
a few special trace elements found only in living organisms or their products. - Eliving organisms can be understood in terms of the same physical and chemical laws
that can be used to explain all natural phenomena
- Asimple organic compounds can be synthesized in the laboratory from inorganic
2Which of the following statements best describes the carbon atoms present in all organic
molecules?- AThey were incorporated into organic molecules by plants
- BThey were processed into sugars through photosynthesis.
- CThey are ultimately derived from carbon dioxide.
- DOnly A and C are correct.
- EA, B, and C are correct.
3Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
- AThe majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages
- BThe majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages
- CThey are hydrophilic.
- DThey exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity
- EThey are lighter than water.
4How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula
C4H10?- A1
- B2
- C4
- D3
- E11
5Shown here in Figure 4.2 are the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules
differ in the- Anumber of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
- Btypes of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
- Carrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
- Dnumber of oxygen atoms joined to carbon atoms by double covalent bonds
- Eanswers A, B, and C
6 Shown here in Figure 4.2 are the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules
are- Ageometric isotopes
- Benantiomers
- Cgeometric isomers
- Dstructural isomers
- Enonisotopic isomers
7Which of the following statements correctly describes geometric isomers?
- AThey have variations in arrangement around a double bond.
- BThey have an asymmetric carbon that makes them mirror images.
- CThey have the same chemical properties.
- DThey have different molecular formulas.
- ETheir atoms and bonds are arranged in different sequences
8A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the
following statements is true concerning this compound?- AIt lacks an asymmetric carbon, and it is probably a fat or lipid
- BIt should dissolve in water
- CIt should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent.
- DIt wonʹt form hydrogen bonds with water.
- EIt is hydrophobic.
9Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?
- Aan oxygen joined to a carbon by a single covalent bond
- Ba nitrogen and two hydrogens joined to a carbon by covalent bonds
- Ca carbon joined to two hydrogens by single covalent bonds
- Da carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond
10Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?
- Aan alcohol such as ethanol
- Ba monosaccharide such as glucose
- Ca steroid such as testosterone
- Dan amino acid such as glycine
- Ea hydrocarbon such as benzene
11Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning amino groups?
- AThey are basic in pH.
- BThey are found in amino acids.
- CThey contain nitrogen.
- DThey are nonpolar.
- EThey are components of urea.
12A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group.
When placed in water it- Awould function only as an acid because of the carboxyl group.
- Bwould function only as a base because of the amino group.
- Cwould function as neither an acid nor a base.
- Dwould function as both an acid and a base.
- Eis impossible to determine how it would function.
13Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many
vertebrates. In what way(s) do these molecules differ from each other?- ATestosterone and estradiol are structural isomers but have the same molecular
formula - BTestosterone and estradiol are geometric isomers but have the same molecular
formula. - CTestosterone and estradiol have different functional groups attached to the same
carbon skeleton. - DTestosterone and estradiol have distinctly different chemical structures, with one
including four fused rings of carbon atoms, while the other has three rings. - ETestosterone and estradiol are enantiomers of the same organic molecule.
- ATestosterone and estradiol are structural isomers but have the same molecular
14Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
- AC3H8
- BC2H6
- CCH4
- DC2H4
- EC2H2
15Which action could produce a carbonyl group?
- Athe replacement of the -OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen
- Bthe addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl
- Cthe addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate
- Dthe replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen
- Ethe addition of a sulfhydryl to a carboxyl
16Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as
a base?- Ahydroxyl
- Bcarbonyl
- Ccarboxyl
- Damino
- Ephosphate
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