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Treatment 1/2 Practice Test 2

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Water Treatment Operator Certification
Joe Jorgensen
Quiz by Joe Jorgensen, updated more than 1 year ago
Joe Jorgensen
Created by Joe Jorgensen over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is a pathogen?
Answer
  • Algae
  • Laurel Tryptose
  • MTBE
  • Disease-causing microorganism

Question 2

Question
What is the impact of algae to water quality?
Answer
  • Elevated hardness
  • Increase in Cryptosporidium
  • Taste and odor problems
  • Corrosively

Question 3

Question
What is the concentration of chlorine gas?
Answer
  • 12.5%
  • 100%
  • 65%
  • 22.5%

Question 4

Question
Which of the following is not used to mix coagulants?
Answer
  • Hydraulic mixing
  • Mechanical mixing
  • Diffuser
  • Horizontal paddle wheel

Question 5

Question
What is considered to be a quick remedy to address a sudden increase in filtered water turbidity?
Answer
  • Feed a filter-aid chemical to the filter influent
  • Increase plant flowrate
  • Backwash less frequently
  • Reduce speed of rapid mixer

Question 6

Question
What is the likely cause of pinging in a pump?
Answer
  • Water hardness
  • Frequent starting and stopping
  • Cavitation
  • Corrosion

Question 7

Question
Which of the following controls the efficiency of removing suspended solids in the sedimentation process?
Answer
  • Minimize mud ball formation
  • Sodium hydroxide
  • Flowrate
  • Proper backwashing

Question 8

Question
What is a sanitary survey?
Answer
  • Vulnerability assessment
  • An analysis to determine all potential water quality impacts to a proposed well
  • Survey conducted to find ways to reduce wastewater production
  • Investigation to determine optimal location for water sampling station

Question 9

Question
Which of the following categories does bacteria belong to?
Answer
  • Dissolved
  • Settleable
  • Inorganic
  • Colloidal

Question 10

Question
Under the Surface Water Treatment Rule, what must the reduction of viruses be through filtration and disinfection?
Answer
  • 99%
  • 99.99%
  • 90%
  • 95%

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is not considered free residual chlorine?
Answer
  • Hypochlorous acid
  • Hyochlorite ion
  • Monochloramine
  • Chlorine

Question 12

Question
Why is coliform used as an indicator organism?
Answer
  • It reduces the complexity and cost of analysis
  • It is accurate in identifying the strain of virus
  • It provides detailed information about the type of pathogens in the sample
  • It provides the exact number of pathogens in the sample

Question 13

Question
What is an example of a non-community, non-transient water system?
Answer
  • Rest stop
  • Subdivision
  • Retirement community
  • School

Question 14

Question
What is the purpose of packing in a pump?
Answer
  • Increase the pressure and flow of a fluid
  • Transmit input per from the driver to the impeller/s mounted on the shaft
  • Control the leakage of water along the pump shaft and prevent air from entering along the shaft when the pump is in a suction lift condition
  • Keep the shaft or rotor in correct alignment with the stationary parts under the action of radial and transverse (axial) loads

Question 15

Question
What does the addition of carbon dioxide do to the pH of water?
Answer
  • Raises it
  • Lowers it
  • Unaffected by it
  • Creates instability of pH

Question 16

Question
What is an unconfined aquifer?
Answer
  • One in which groundwater is under pressure by overlying and aquitards
  • A well in which water rises under pressure from a permeable stratum overlaid by impermeable rock
  • A location where groundwater naturally emerges from the Earth's subsurface in a defined flow and in an amount large enough to form a pool
  • One in which groundwater possesses a free surface open to the atmosphere

Question 17

Question
What is a static water level in a well?
Answer
  • Water level when pump is not running
  • Water level when pump is running
  • The midpoint of the aquifer
  • The bottom of the zone of saturation

Question 18

Question
Which of the following will least likely impact the formation of flocs during the coagulation and flocculation process?
Answer
  • Alkalinity
  • pH
  • Temperature
  • Hardness

Question 19

Question
What is formed when free chlorine reacts with ammonia?
Answer
  • Ammonia hydroxide
  • Ammonia chloroform
  • Chloramine
  • Ammonium nitrate

Question 20

Question
Which contaminant causes Blue Baby Syndrome?
Answer
  • Copper
  • Nitrate
  • Lead
  • Arsenic

Question 21

Question
What is free Chlorine?
Answer
  • The residual chlorine existing in water in chemical combination with ammonia or organic amines
  • The sum of free and combined chlorine
  • Inorganic chloramines
  • The concentration of residual chlorine in water which is present as dissolved gas, hypochlorous acid, and or hypochlorite

Question 22

Question
What is a thermocline?
Answer
  • A thin distinct layer in a reservoir in which temperature changes more rapidly with depth than it does in the layers above or below
  • Epilimnion
  • Hypolimnion
  • Deepest layer

Question 23

Question
What agency protects the health and safety of industrial employees?
Answer
  • Public Utilities commission
  • EPA
  • OSHA
  • NEPA

Question 24

Question
What is the first priority in water treatment?
Answer
  • Production of drinking water at a reasonable cost
  • Production of safe drinking water
  • Production of an aesthetically pleasing drinking water
  • Production of drinking water that does not leave scale deposits

Question 25

Question
What is the health effect of consuming water with high levels of lead?
Answer
  • Blue Baby Syndrome
  • Breathing problems
  • Diarrhea
  • Cardiovascular effects, increased blood pressure and incidence of hypertension

Question 26

Question
What is an imaginary surface to which groundwater rises under hydrostatic pressure in wells or springs?
Answer
  • Drawdown
  • Radius of influence
  • Pumping water level
  • Piezometric surface

Question 27

Question
What is used to evaluate new coagulants or polymers being considered for use at the plant?
Answer
  • DPD test
  • MPN method
  • Jar test
  • Colilert method

Question 28

Question
What are the 4 zones of a clarifier?
Answer
  • Inlet, Outlet, Settling, Sludge
  • Inlet, Outlet, Settling, Skimming
  • Inlet, Outlet, Settling, Baffles
  • Settling, Baffles, Skimming, Sludge

Question 29

Question
Which type of filtration process is approved by the Surface Water Treatment Rule?
Answer
  • Nanofiltration
  • Conventional water treatment
  • Ion Exchange
  • Microfiltration

Question 30

Question
Which of the following impacts the color of source water?
Answer
  • Sodium
  • Pressure
  • Organics, such as soil and leaves
  • Temperature

Question 31

Question
Coliform is most likely to be found in which of the following water supplies?
Answer
  • Deep well
  • Shallow well
  • Artesian
  • Lake

Question 32

Question
What is the amount of water than can be withdrawn from an aquifer without significant environmental impact?
Answer
  • Well drawdown
  • Safe yield
  • Cone of depression
  • Specific yield

Question 33

Question
pH will increase if the following chemical is added to water.
Answer
  • CO2
  • Iron
  • Ammonia
  • Acid

Question 34

Question
Which of the following is an unstable form of disinfection?
Answer
  • Ozonation
  • Sodium hypochlorite
  • Chloramine
  • UV

Question 35

Question
How many stages are in a breakpoint chlorination curve?
Answer
  • 3
  • 2
  • 1
  • 4

Question 36

Question
Chlorine demand is best described as which of the following?
Answer
  • Chlorine dose + Chlorine residual
  • Chlorine dose - Chlorine residual
  • Chlorine dose X Chlorine residual
  • The amount of chlorine required to linger in the pipeline

Question 37

Question
What is an example of a natural organic matter?
Answer
  • Iron
  • Manganese
  • Fallen leaves
  • Arsenic

Question 38

Question
What is a typical characteristic of a colloidal particle in raw water?
Answer
  • Positive charge on the surface
  • Negative charge on the surface
  • Neutral charge on the surface
  • Cationic attributes

Question 39

Question
What is short circuiting in a clarifier?
Answer
  • Electrical problems in the control panel
  • Negative electrical charge on colloid
  • Electrical charge neutralized by alum
  • Shorter settling time in basin

Question 40

Question
What would cause a filter to begin backwashing?
Answer
  • Low chlorine concentration
  • Presence of THM
  • Head loss
  • Temperature

Question 41

Question
What is the purpose of surface washing in a filtration unit?
Answer
  • Clear under drain
  • Expand filter media
  • Prevent loss of media
  • Break-up mud balls

Question 42

Question
Where would you most likely see high levels of nitrate in the groundwater supply?
Answer
  • Near agricultural land
  • In very deep wells
  • Near military bases
  • Near swamps

Question 43

Question
What is adsorption
Answer
  • Constituents is sucked in
  • Constituents sticking to the surface of a substance
  • Molecule is converted from aqueous phase to solid phase
  • Contaminant breaks up into smaller particles

Question 44

Question
In which part of the water treatment plant are 99% of the suspended solids removed?
Answer
  • Coagulation
  • Disinfection
  • Flocculation
  • Sedimentation and filtration

Question 45

Question
Which of the following will most likely lead to the lowest concentration of THMs in treated water?
Answer
  • Sodium hypochlorite
  • Chlorine gas
  • Chloramines
  • Calcium hypochlorite

Question 46

Question
Which of the following is not true about the Total Coliform Rule?
Answer
  • Uses a presence and absence approach
  • Compliance is determined on a monthly basis
  • Each total coliform-positive routine sample must be tested for the presence of fecal coliforms
  • Smaller systems that collect fewer than 40 samples cannot have coliform positive results in more than 2 samples per month

Question 47

Question
Which of the following is true about fusible plugs on a chlorine container?
Answer
  • Use it as the point of connection
  • Always remove it before use
  • Never remove it
  • Should be removed during maintenance

Question 48

Question
What is the most common water quality complaint from customers?
Answer
  • Color
  • Taste and odor problems
  • Scaling
  • Corrosion

Question 49

Question
What information should be identified on the sampling container?
Answer
  • Sampling location, date, and time
  • Concentration of all constituents
  • Probable cause of contamination
  • Type of treatment used at the plant

Question 50

Question
What is the standard requirement for conventional and direct filtration?
Answer
  • Filtered water must be less than or equal to 0.2 NTU in 95% of monthly measurements
  • Filtered water must be less than or equal to 1.0 NTU in 95% of monthly measurements
  • Filtered water must be less than or equal to 0.5 NTU in 95% of monthly measurements
  • Filtered water must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU in 95% of monthly measurements

Question 51

Question
What is the main drawback of using sodium hypochlorite to disinfect water?
Answer
  • Expensive
  • Formation of THMs
  • Difficult to procure
  • Most dangerous form of disinfectant to store at plant

Question 52

Question
What is one of the causes of hardness of water?
Answer
  • Arsenic
  • Nitrate
  • Calcium
  • Manganese

Question 53

Question
Which chemical is used to raise the pH in water?
Answer
  • Citric acid
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Sulfuric acid
  • Soda ash

Question 54

Question
What is the purpose of flocculation?
Answer
  • Mix coagulants with raw water
  • Add chlorine prior to filtration
  • Slowly stir water to bring smaller flocs together to form larger ones
  • Oxidize mineral

Question 55

Question
Which of the following range of pH is considered to be acidic?
Answer
  • 8-10
  • 0-6
  • 11-13
  • 7

Question 56

Question
What is the term used to describe the upper layer of a stratified reservoir?
Answer
  • Epilimnion
  • Thermocline
  • Hypolimnion
  • Metalimnion

Question 57

Question
What is another name for the Multiple Tube Fermentation test?
Answer
  • MPC
  • MFF
  • MDS
  • MPN

Question 58

Question
What impact does precipitated manganese have on water?
Answer
  • Brownish water
  • Blackish water
  • Reddish water
  • No impact

Question 59

Question
Which of the following is not part of the Surface Water Treatment Rule?
Answer
  • Applies to all public water systems using surface water sources or ground water sources under the direct influence of surface water
  • Requires most water systems to filter and disinfect water from surface water sources or ground water under direct influence
  • Establishes maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) for viruses, bacteria, and Giardia lamblia
  • All water systems are allowed to use disinfection only for surface water sources that meet criteria for water quality and watershed protection

Question 60

Question
What is a typical characteristic of chlorine gas?
Answer
  • Greenish yellow color
  • Blue color
  • Orange color
  • Brown color

Question 61

Question
Which of the following is not true about the Total Coliform Rule?
Answer
  • Each total coliform-positive routine sample must be tested for the presence of fecal coliform or E. coli
  • If any routine sample is total coliform-positive, repeat samples are required.
  • Establishes a maximum contaminant level (MCL) based on the presence of absence of total coliforms
  • Monthly sampling requirements are not based on population served

Question 62

Question
What can be done to minimize the formation of THM?
Answer
  • Increase the chlorination before filtration
  • Increase precursors
  • Eliminate or reduce chlorination before the filters
  • Increase temperature

Question 63

Question
What is the source of fecal coliform bacteria?
Answer
  • Sand
  • Feces
  • Leaves
  • Inorganic

Question 64

Question
What is the drawback of using UV for disinfection?
Answer
  • DBPs
  • Involves storage of toxic chemicals
  • High energy cost
  • Longer contact time required

Question 65

Question
What are the two types of aquifers
Answer
  • Confined and unconfined
  • Static and pumping
  • Cationic and anionic
  • Eutrophic and oligotrophic

Question 66

Question
What is a common problem associated with hardness in water?
Answer
  • Corrosion
  • Blue Baby Syndrome
  • High Blood Pressure
  • Scaling

Question 67

Question
What is the problem with very soft water?
Answer
  • Scaling
  • Leads to kidney disease
  • Corrosion
  • THM formation

Question 68

Question
Why is it harmful to backwash at a high velocity?
Answer
  • Forms mudballs
  • Flushes some media into spent backwash water
  • Increases build-up (headloss)
  • Forms THMs

Question 69

Question
What occurs on the right side of the breakpoint chlorination curve?
Answer
  • Chlorine is destroyed by reducing compound
  • Formation of chloroganics
  • Chlororganics partly destroyed
  • Free available residual chlorine begin to form

Question 70

Question
How does Powder Activated Carbon (PAC) remove contaminants from the water?
Answer
  • Absorption
  • Disinfection
  • Adsorption
  • Filtration

Question 71

Question
Which entity is responsible for enforcing the drinking water standards?
Answer
  • State
  • City
  • County
  • Federal EPA

Question 72

Question
How is the rate of head loss affected by a more uniform filter media?
Answer
  • Faster
  • Slower
  • Unaffected
  • More breakthroughs

Question 73

Question
Which of the following is true about soluble iron and Manganese?
Answer
  • Carcinogens
  • Reddish brown
  • Black
  • Colorless

Question 74

Question
What is the reason for adding coagulants at the flash mixer?
Answer
  • Stir flocs together
  • Oxidize iron and manganese
  • Neutralize negative charge on colloids
  • Pre-chlorination

Question 75

Question
Why would a water purveyor switch from chlorine gas to sodium hypochlorite?
Answer
  • Eliminate THMs
  • Safety
  • To minimize liquid chemical storage at plant
  • To eliminate the usage of free chlorine at the plant

Question 76

Question
Which pathogen is smallest in size
Answer
  • Bacteria
  • Protozoa
  • Cyst
  • Virus

Question 77

Question
Which of the following is not an example of a suspended solid?
Answer
  • Silt
  • Decaying plants
  • Animal matter
  • Soluble calcium

Question 78

Question
Which of the following is not a type of a coliform test?
Answer
  • Multiple Tube Fermentation method
  • Membrane Filter Method
  • DPD
  • Colilert Method

Question 79

Question
What is the definition of a public water system?
Answer
  • Publicly or privately owned water system that has at least 15 service connections, or regularly serves and average of at least 25 people daily at least 60 days per year
  • Publicly or privately owned water system that has at least 25 service connections, or regularly serves and average of at least 25 people daily at least 60 days per year
  • Publicly or privately owned water system that has at least 35 service connections, or regularly serves and average of at least 25 people daily at least 60 days per year
  • Publicly or privately owned water system that has at least 45 service connections, or regularly serves and average of at least 25 people daily at least 60 days per year

Question 80

Question
When is Brilliant Green Bile used to test for coliform?
Answer
  • Membrane Filter Method
  • Multiple Tube Fermentation method
  • Colisure Method
  • MF Method - Escherichia coli

Question 81

Question
Which of the following is the correct order of treatment for a conventional water treatment plant?
Answer
  • Intake, Coagulation, Flocculation, Filtration, Sedimentation, Disinfection
  • Intake, Flocculation, Coagulation, Filtration, Sedimentation, Disinfection
  • Intake, Coagulation, Flocculation, Sedimentation, Filtration, Disinfection
  • Intake, Flocculation, Sedimentation, Coagulation, Filtration, Disinfection

Question 82

Question
What might happen if insufficient amount of coagulants were injected into the flash mixer?
Answer
  • Excessive increase in floc size
  • Scaling becomes a problem
  • Worsens DBP problem
  • Some colloids may repel each other

Question 83

Question
Which of the following is a grab sample?
Answer
  • Time proportional
  • Sample taken on a one time basis without consideration of flow or time
  • Flow proportional
  • A collection of numerous individual discrete samples taken at regular intervals over a period of time

Question 84

Question
What happens over the course of a filter run time?
Answer
  • Headloss decreases
  • Headloss is unaffected
  • Headloss increases
  • Headless goes to zero

Question 85

Question
When is direct filtration used instead of conventional water treatment?
Answer
  • When source water is low in turbidity, color, and coliform
  • When source water is low in iron and manganese
  • When source water is low in nitrates
  • When source water has an ideal pH and temperature

Question 86

Question
Convert 1,210 gpm to ft3/sec
Answer
  • 1.7 ft3/s
  • 2.7 ft3/s
  • 3.9 ft3/s
  • 4.8 ft3/s

Question 87

Question
If a tank with a diameter of 60 feet, and a height of 30 feet is filled at a rate of 1,303 gpm, then how long will it take to fill this tank? Assume the tank was empty.
Answer
  • 4.0 hours
  • 9.8 hours
  • 3.5 hours
  • 8.1 hours

Question 88

Question
How many 150-lb chlorine gas cylinders will you need per day to dose the water supply at 1.6 mg/L if the demand for water in a 24-hour period is 11,166,264 gallons?
Answer
  • 3 cylinders
  • 2 cylinders
  • 1 cylinder
  • 4 cylinders

Question 89

Question
If the discharge pipe at a pump station is located 32 feet below the City Hall, what must the pressure be in the discharge pipe so that the water reaches the City Hall at a pressure of 62 psi? Assume that pipe friction and head loss are negligible.
Answer
  • 75.9 psi
  • 53.4 psi
  • 62.7 psi
  • 59.2 psi

Question 90

Question
If a well has a static water level of 62 feet and a pumping water level of 83 feet, then what is the specific capacity if the well yield is 1,000 gpm?
Answer
  • 32 gpm/ft
  • 47.6 gpm/ft
  • 56.7 gpm/ft
  • 65.1 gpm/ft

Question 91

Question
IF a 25% copper sulfate solution is added to a reservoir with a volume of 400,000 cubic feet, and the intended dose is 0.4 mg/L, then what is the amount of copper sulfate solution required in lbs?
Answer
  • 29.9 lbs.
  • 45.2 lbs.
  • 39.9 lbs.
  • 67.8 lbs.

Question 92

Question
A pump with an efficiency of 77% and a motor of 91% are used to lift water 52 feet at a rate of 500 gpm. If the electrical unit cost is $0.14 kWh, then what is the daily cost to operate the pump and motor? Assume the equipment runs 24 hours/day.
Answer
  • $19.21
  • $41.25
  • $32.25
  • $23.52

Question 93

Question
If a rectangular basin that is 50 feet long and 30 feet wide has a water level of 2 feet at 11 a.m., and rises to a water level of 20 feet at 6 p.m., then what is the pumping rate?
Answer
  • 580.9 gpm
  • 480 gpm
  • 621.7 gpm
  • 348.1 gpm

Question 94

Question
A steel tank with a diameter of 45 feet and a height of 25 feet is draining at a flow rate of 342 gpm. What is the pressure 18 inches from the bottom of the tank, 4.2 hours later? Assume that the tank is initially full.
Answer
  • 17 psi
  • 12 psi
  • 7 psi
  • 2.5 psi

Question 95

Question
How many pounds of 25% copper sulfate solution do you need to make 145 pounds of 3% copper sulfate solution?
Answer
  • 17.4 lbs
  • 19.8 lbs
  • 21.3 lbs
  • 14.7 lbs

Question 96

Question
If you are required to have a chlorine dose of 1.7 mg/L in a 3-million gallon steel tank, then how many gallons of a 12.5% sodium hypochlorite solution will need to be injected? Assume the specific weight of the chemical is 10lbs/gallon, and that the tank is 40% full. There is not chlorine in the water prior to dosage.
Answer
  • 3.6 gallons
  • 1.7 gallons
  • 13.6 gallons
  • 4.2 gallons

Question 97

Question
If the surface dimensions of a sand filtration bed are 35 feet (length) and 30 feet (width), then what is the filtration rate if the flow is 2,525 gallons per minute?
Answer
  • 1.9 GPM/sq. ft.
  • 4.2 GPM/sq. ft.
  • 3.5 GPM/sq. ft.
  • 2.4 GPM/sq. ft.

Question 98

Question
If the desired concentration of chlorine in a 2-million gallon welded steel tank is 2 mg/L, then how many pounds of 65% calcium hypochlorite tablet must be placed inside the tank?
Answer
  • 59 lbs
  • 51 lbs
  • 69 lbs
  • 40 lbs

Question 99

Question
If the velocity of water in a 6-inch pipe is 4.5 ft/s, then what is the velocity of the water if the pipe transitions to a 8 -inch pipe?
Answer
  • 2.5 ft/s
  • 5 ft/s
  • 1.9 ft/s
  • 6.4 ft/s

Question 100

Question
If 1.2 MGD of water flows through a rectangular sedimentation basin that is 55 feet long and 30 feet wide, then what is the overflow rate?
Answer
  • 0.24 GPM/sq. ft.
  • 0.51 GPM/sq. ft.
  • 0.68 GPM/sq. ft.
  • 041 GPM/sq. ft.
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