Male and female reproductive system and meiosis

1. 11. How many cell divisions occur in meiosis?
   
   

   1. AA. none
      
   2. BB. one
      
   3. CC. two
      
   4. DD. many
      
2. 22. What is the haploid number of chromosomes found in human gametes?
   

   1. AA. 23
      
   2. BB. 46
      
   3. CC. 23 pair
      
   4. DD. both 46 and 23 pair
      
3. 33. What is the new cell formed from the union of egg and sperm called and how many chromosomes does it have?
   

   1. AA. zygote with 23 chromosomes
      
   2. BB. zygote with 23 pairs of chromosomes
      
   3. CC. egg with 46 chromosomes
      
   4. DD. tetrad with 23 pairs of chromosomes
      
      
4. 44. The primary sex organs of a male are the
   

   1. AA. scrotum.
      
   2. BB. ovaries.
      
   3. CC. testes.
      
   4. DD. glands.
      
      
5. 55. Why do the testes descend into the scrotum?
   

   1. AA. There is not sufficient room in the abdomen.
      
   2. BB. Abdominal temperature is too low to produce hormones.
      
   3. CC. Abdominal temperature is too high to produce viable sperm.
      
   4. DD. There is no known reason.
      
      
6. 66. The seminiferous tubules
   

   1. AA. are found in the testes.
      
   2. BB. are where sperm are formed.
      
   3. CC. produce male hormones.
      
   4. DD. both are found in the testes and are where sperm are formed.
      
      
7. 77. The process of sperm production is called
   

   1. AA. spermatogenesis.
      
   2. BB. spermiogenesis.
      
   3. CC. oogenesis.
      
   4. DD. None of the choices are correct.
      
      
8. 88. Spermatogenesis
   

   1. AA. occurs in the interstitial cells.
      
   2. BB. is a form of meiosis.
      
   3. CC. occurs at internal body temperature.
      
   4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
      
      
9. 99. The sperm's acrosome contains
   

   1. AA. the chromosomes.
      
   2. BB. the mitochondria.
      
   3. CC. enzymes.
      
   4. DD. the tail.
      
      
10. 1010. The sperm's midpiece contains
    

    1. AA. the chromosomes.
       
    2. BB. the mitochondria.
       
    3. CC. enzymes.
       
    4. DD. the tail.
       
       

11. 1111. The __________ stores sperm and allows them to mature.
    

    1. AA. epididymis
       
    2. BB. vas deferens
       
    3. CC. bulbourethral gland
       
    4. DD. urethra
       
       
12. 1212. The __________ conducts sperm into the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.
    

    1. AA. epididymis
       
    2. BB. vas deferens
       
    3. CC. bulbourethral gland
       
    4. DD. urethra
       
       
13. 1313. The ejaculatory ducts join the _______ in the prostate gland.
    

    1. AA. ureters
       
    2. BB. spermatic cord
       
    3. CC. urethra
       
    4. DD. None of the choices are correct.
       
       
14. 1414. What does seminal fluid provide?
    

    1. AA. the correct pH for sperm
       
    2. BB. fructose for energy
       
    3. CC. enhance sperm motility
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
15. 1515. Which gland secretes a mucus like fluid that helps lubricate the end of the penis for sexual intercourse?
    

    1. AA. prostate gland
       
    2. BB. seminal vesicles
       
    3. CC. bulbourethral glands
       
    4. DD. epididymis
       
       
16. 1616. Which male gland encircles the urethra and secretes a fluid that enhances sperm motility?
    

    1. AA. Cowper's glands
       
    2. BB. seminal vesicles
       
    3. CC. prostate
       
    4. DD. bulbourethral glands
       
       
17. 1717. Which male gland is located behind the urinary bladder and secretes an alkaline fluid with fructose and prostaglandins?
    

    1. AA. bulbourethral glands
       
    2. BB. Cowper's glands
       
    3. CC. prostate
       
    4. DD. seminal vesicles
       
       
18. 1818. Which of the following produces the gonadotropic hormones?
    

    1. AA. hypothalamus
       
    2. BB. testis
       
    3. CC. anterior pituitary gland
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
19. 1919. LH and FSH are
    

    1. AA. sex hormones.
       
    2. BB. gonadotropic hormones.
       
    3. CC. only in females.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
20. 2020. Which of the following stimulates spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules?
    

    1. AA. LH
       
    2. BB. FSH
       
    3. CC. testosterone
       
    4. DD. inhibin
       
       
21. 2121. Which of the following is NOT a function of testosterone?
    

    1. AA. growth of facial, axillary, and pubic hair
       
    2. BB. increase in secretion of oil and sweat glands
       
    3. CC. decrease in the size of the larynx
       
    4. DD. increased muscle strength
       
       
22. 2222. Testosterone
    

    1. AA. matures the penis and testes.
       
    2. BB. is responsible for male secondary characteristics.
       
    3. CC. causes oil glands to secrete.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
23. 2323. The primary sex organ(s) in females is (are)
    

    1. AA. fallopian (uterine) tubes.
       
    2. BB. ovaries.
       
    3. CC. uterus.
       
    4. DD. vagina.
       
       
24. 2424. The process of forming an ovum is called
    

    1. AA. mitosis.
       
    2. BB. oogenesis.
       
    3. CC. meiosis.
       
    4. DD. both oogenesis and meiosis.
       
       
25. 2525. What nonviable cell is produced by oogenesis?
    

    1. AA. ovum
       
    2. BB. polar body
       
    3. CC. follicle
       
    4. DD. corpus luteum
       
       
26. 2626. Where does fertilization of an egg usually occur?
    

    1. AA. pelvic cavity
       
    2. BB. uterus
       
    3. CC. vagina
       
    4. DD. uterine tubes
       
       
27. 2727. A mature follicle is called a
    

    1. AA. vesicular (Graafian) follicle.
       
    2. BB. primary follicle.
       
    3. CC. secondary follicle.
       
    4. DD. corpus luteum.
       
       
28. 2828. Once a follicle releases an egg, it becomes a
    

    1. AA. vesicular follicle.
       
    2. BB. corpus luteum.
       
    3. CC. zona pellucida.
       
    4. DD. corpus albicans.
       
       
29. 2929. What structures act to draw a released ovum into the uterine tube?
    

    1. AA. follicle
       
    2. BB. corpus luteum
       
    3. CC. fimbriae
       
    4. DD. zona pellucida
       
       
30. 3030. Which layer of the uterus varies according to the monthly reproductive cycle?
    

    1. AA. endometrium
       
    2. BB. myometrium
       
    3. CC. perimetrium
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
31. 3131. Development of the fetus occurs in the
    

    1. AA. uterus.
       
    2. BB. vagina.
       
    3. CC. ovaries.
       
    4. DD. uterine tubes.
       
       
32. 3232. What female external genital is homologous to the male's penis?
    

    1. AA. mons pubis
       
    2. BB. labia majora
       
    3. CC. labia minora
       
    4. DD. clitoris
       
       
33. 3333. Ovulation is triggered by
    

    1. AA. the LH surge.
       
    2. BB. high levels of progesterone.
       
    3. CC. low levels of FSH.
       
    4. DD. low levels of estrogen.
       
       
34. 3434. At the end of the luteal phase,
    

    1. AA. ovulation occurs.
       
    2. BB. the corpus luteum degenerates.
       
    3. CC. menstruation occurs.
       
    4. DD. both the corpus luteum degenerates and menstruation occurs.
       
       
35. 3535. Progesterone
    

    1. AA. is produced by the corpus luteum.
       
    2. BB. thickens the endometrium two or three times normal.
       
    3. CC. exerts negative feedback over LH secretion
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
36. 3636. During menstruation, the
    

    1. AA. follicle breaks down.
       
    2. BB. endometrium breaks down.
       
    3. CC. epididymis breaks down.
       
    4. DD. alveoli break down.
       
       
37. 3737. Which of the following is the correct order of events in the ovary?
    

    1. AA. ovulation, follicular phase, luteal phase
       
    2. BB. luteal phase, follicular phase, ovulation
       
    3. CC. follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase
       
    4. DD. luteal phase, ovulation, follicular phase
       
       
38. 3838. The female is pregnant when
    

    1. AA. LH is present in the blood.
       
    2. BB. FSH is present in the blood.
       
    3. CC. hCG is present in the blood.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
39. 3939. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
    

    1. AA. maintains the corpus luteum until the placenta is secreting hormones.
       
    2. BB. is used to detect pregnancy.
       
    3. CC. keeps a new follicle from developing.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
40. 4040. The first secretion from the breasts is a milky fluid rich in protein and antibodies called
    

    1. AA. prolactin.
       
    2. BB. oxytocin.
       
    3. CC. colostrum.
       
    4. DD. estrogen.
       
       
41. 4141. Which method of birth control normally prevents fertilization?
    

    1. AA. IUD
       
    2. BB. diaphragm
       
    3. CC. condom
       
    4. DD. diaphragm and condom
       
42. 42What is the most effective method of birth control?

    1. AC. abstinence
       
    2. BA. condom
       
    3. CB. hormone pill
       
    4. DD. diaphragm
       
       
43. 4343. How does combined hormone birth control work?
    

    1. AA. prevents fertilization
       
    2. BB. prevents implantation
       
    3. CC. prevents ovulation
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
44. 4444. An IUD is placed in the _____ and will prevent implantation if fertilization should occur.
    

    1. AA. vagina
       
    2. BB. uterine tubes
       
    3. CC. uterus
       
    4. DD. urethra
       
       
45. 4545. The head of a sperm contains
    

    1. AA. many organelles.
       
    2. BB. a nucleus enclosing the 23 chromosomes.
       
    3. CC. a large amount of cytoplasm.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
46. 4646. The extracellular matrix surrounding the ovum is called the
    

    1. AA. corona radiate.
       
    2. BB. acrosome.
       
    3. CC. zona pellucida.
       
    4. DD. follicle.
       
       
47. 4747. Which of the following is the correct order of structures sperm must penetrate before entering the ovum?
    

    1. AA. zona pellucida, corona radiate, ovum plasma membrane
       
    2. BB. ovum plasma membrane, zona pellucida, corona radiate
       
    3. CC. corona radiate, zona pellucida, ovum plasma membrane
       
    4. DD. None of the choices are correct.
       
       
48. 4848. Cleavage
    

    1. AA. is cell division with no increase in size.
       
       
    2. BB. is mitosis.
       
    3. CC. occurs immediately after fertilization.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
49. 4949. Morphogenesis refers to
    

    1. AA. increase of size.
       
    2. BB. shaping of the embryo and migration of cells.
       
    3. CC. cells having a specific function.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
50. 5050. Differentiation refers to
    

    1. AA. cells taking on different structures and functions.
       
    2. BB. movement of cells to shape the embryo.
       
    3. CC. increased size of the cells.
       
    4. DD. cell division with no increase in size.
       
       
51. 5151. The chorion is
    

    1. AA. the first site of blood cell formation.
       
    2. BB. the fetal half of the placenta.
       
    3. CC. becomes the umbilical cord vessels.
       
    4. DD. cushions and protects the embryo with fluid.
       
       
52. 5252. The yolk sac
    

    1. AA. is the first site of blood cell formation.
       
    2. BB. is the fetal half of the placenta.
       
    3. CC. becomes the umbilical cord vessels.
       
    4. DD. provides nutrition until the placenta is formed.
       
       
53. 5353. The allantois
    

    1. AA. is the first site of blood cell formation.
       
    2. BB. is the fetal half of the placenta.
       
    3. CC. becomes the umbilical cord vessels.
       
    4. DD. cushions and protects the embryo with fluid.
       
       
54. 5454. The amnion
    

    1. AA. is the first site of blood cell formation.
       
    2. BB. is the fetal half of the placenta.
       
    3. CC. becomes the umbilical cord vessels.
       
    4. DD. cushions and protects the embryo with fluid.
       
       
55. 5555. Embryonic development
    
    
    

    1. AA. refers to the first week.
       
    2. BB. refers to week two through month two.
       
    3. CC. refers to months three through nine.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
56. 5656. The pre-embryonic structure created by cleavage is a ball of cells called a
    

    1. AA. blastocyst.
       
    2. BB. trophoblast.
       
    3. CC. morula.
       
    4. DD. zygote.
       
       
57. 5757. The pre-embryonic structure that enters the uterus is a fluid-filled ball of cells called a
    

    1. AA. blastocyst.
       
    2. BB. trophoblast.
       
    3. CC. morula.
       
    4. DD. zygote.
       
       
58. 5858. The process of gastrulation ends with the formation of the
    

    1. AA. allantois.
       
    2. BB. placenta.
       
    3. CC. primary germ layers.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
59. 5959. From which primary germ layer do both the skeletal and muscular systems develop?
    

    1. AA. ectoderm
       
    2. BB. endoderm
       
    3. CC. mesoderm
       
    4. DD. None of these choices are correct for both systems.
       
       
60. 6060. From which primary germ layer does the nervous system and epidermis of the skin develop?
    

    1. AA. ectoderm
       
    2. BB. endoderm
       
    3. CC. mesoderm
       
    4. DD. None of the choices are correct for both systems.
       
       
61. 6161. From which primary germ layer does the epithelial lining of the digestive system and the blood vessels develop?
    

    1. AA. ectoderm
       
    2. BB. endoderm
       
    3. CC. mesoderm
       
    4. DD. None of these choices are correct for both systems.
       
       
62. 6262. The first system to be visually evident is the
    

    1. AA. muscular system.
       
    2. BB. cardiovascular system.
       
    3. CC. skeletal system.
       
    4. DD. nervous system.
       
       
63. 6363. If the neural tube does not close inferiorly, ______ may result.
    

    1. AA. anencephaly
       
    2. BB. conjoined twins
       
    3. CC. spina bifida
       
    4. DD. Down syndrome
       
       
64. 6464. During the eighth week
    

    1. AA. all organ systems have appeared.
       
    2. BB. ossification begins.
       
    3. CC. eyes, ears and nose are noticeable.
       
    4. DD. mother begins to feel movement.
       
       
65. 6565. At the placenta,
    

    1. AA. oxygen enters the fetal circulation.
       
    2. BB. nutrients enter the fetal circulation.
       
    3. CC. nitrogenous wastes enter maternal circulation.
       
    4. DD. All of the choices are correct.
       
       
66. 6666. The umbilical cord contains
    

    1. AA. the fetal intestine.
       
    2. BB. two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein.
       
    3. CC. only muscle tissue.
       
    4. DD. two umbilical veins and one umbilical artery.
       
       
67. 6767. The umbilical arteries carry
    

    1. AA. waste and carbon dioxide toward the placenta.
       
    2. BB. oxygen and nutrients toward the fetus.
       
    3. CC. waste and carbon dioxide toward the fetus.
       
    4. DD. oxygen and nutrients toward the placenta.
       
       
68. 6868. The umbilical vein carries
    

    1. AA. waste and carbon dioxide toward the placenta.
       
    2. BB. oxygen and nutrients toward the fetus.
       
    3. CC. waste and carbon dioxide toward the fetus.
       
    4. DD. oxygen and nutrients toward the placenta.
       
       
69. 6969. During the fifth through seventh months,
    

    1. AA. the sex can be determined visually.
       
    2. BB. lanugo covers the body.
       
    3. CC. mother begins to feel movement.
       
    4. DD. both lanugo covers the body and mother begins to feel movement are true
       
       
70. 7070. The gender of the individual is determined at
    

    1. AA. birth.
       
    2. BB. the third month.
       
    3. CC. fertilization.
       
    4. DD. gastrulation.
       
       
71. 7171. The tissues of the gonads is indifferent until the production of
    

    1. AA. estrogen.
       
    2. BB. progesterone.
       
    3. CC. semen.
       
    4. DD. testosterone.
       
       
72. 7272. A male will have ____ chromosomes, while a female has _____ chromosomes.
    

    1. AA. XX, XY
       
    2. BB. XY, XX
       
       
73. 73During stage one of parturition,

    1. AA. the placenta is delivered.
       
    2. BB. the birth occurs.
       
    3. CC. the cervix dilates.
       
       
74. 7474. During stage two of parturition,
    

    1. AA. the placenta is delivered.
       
    2. BB. the birth occurs.
       
    3. CC. the cervix dilates.
       
       
75. 7575. During stage three of parturition
    

    1. AA. the placenta is delivered.
       
    2. BB. the birth occurs.
       
    3. CC. the cervix dilates.

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