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lactation and functional anatomy of the breast

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Quiz on lactation and functional anatomy of the breast , created by David alibhai on 09/04/2019.
David alibhai
Quiz by David alibhai , updated more than 1 year ago
David alibhai
Created by David alibhai about 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
during puberty what hormones cause glandular development
Answer
  • oestrogen and progesterone
  • progesterone, prolactin and oestrogen
  • progesterone and prolactin
  • oestrogen and prolactin

Question 2

Question
what is the role of oestrogen during puberty in regards with breast development
Answer
  • stimulate development of lactiferous ducts
  • stimulates formation of alveolar buds
  • hypertrophy of alveolar buds
  • begin milk production

Question 3

Question
what is the role of progesterone during puberty in regards with breast development
Answer
  • stimulate development of lactiferous ducts
  • stimulate formation of alveolar buds
  • hypertrophy of alveolar buds
  • begin milk production

Question 4

Question
what stage is described below: begins during fetal development, mammary ridge or milk line. nipple is evident and raised. By birth the milk ducts have started to form
Answer
  • stage 1
  • stage 2
  • stage 3
  • stage 4
  • stage 5

Question 5

Question
which stage is described below: breast buds appear, areola darkens and enlarges
Answer
  • stage 1
  • stage 2
  • stage 3
  • stage 4
  • stage 5

Question 6

Question
which stage is described below: mammary glands begin to develop under the influence of oestrogen
Answer
  • stage 1
  • stage 2
  • stage 3
  • stage 4
  • stage 5

Question 7

Question
which stage describes this: areola and nipple become raised and form a mound on top of the breast
Answer
  • stage 1
  • stage 2
  • stage 3
  • stage 4
  • stage 5

Question 8

Question
which of the following best describes below: breast becomes rounded with just the nipple raised. nipple changes appearance
Answer
  • stage 1
  • stage 2
  • stage 3
  • stage 4
  • stage 5

Question 9

Question
during a consultation a 24 year old pregnant women begins to ask about post pregnancy, and one of the questions she asks is what causes milk secretion. you then explain to her its due to hormones. which hormone is responsible for milk secretion
Answer
  • oestrogen
  • progesterone
  • human placental lactogen
  • prolactin

Question 10

Question
what hormone is released as a consequence of suckling that promotes the final stage of lactation (milk ejection)
Answer
  • oxytocin
  • human placental lactogen
  • prolactin
  • oestrogen
  • progesterone

Question 11

Question
complete the image of the breast
Image:
Female Breast Anatomy Vector 1855098 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • chest wall
  • fat cells
  • nipple
  • rib bone
  • pectoral muscle
  • intercostal muscle
  • blood vessels
  • mammary glands
  • lactiferous ducts

Question 12

Question
in your clinic a older women comes in due to the fact she has become self conscious due to the fact her breasts are beginning to 'sag'. she wants to know why this is the case. what causes the 'sagging of breasts'
Answer
  • due to coopers ligaments being stretched out over time
  • due to coopers ligaments breaking
  • long term damage to myoepithelial cells
  • increase adipose tissue which causes the breast to move downwards due to gravity

Question 13

Question
what is the evolutionary function of the areola being rich in melanocytes and therefore having a darker appearance
Answer
  • to allow newborns to find their food source
  • it has no evolutionary purpose
  • to aid in breastfeeding
  • to improve the newborns vision

Question 14

Question
which of the following is true about IgG in neonatal immunity
Answer
  • crosses the placenta into fetal circulation
  • ingested in breast milk
  • developed by the neonatal after several months
  • form as part of an allergic response

Question 15

Question
what is true about IgA in neonatal immunity
Answer
  • crosses the placenta into fetal circulation
  • ingested in breast milk
  • developed by the neonatal after several months
  • form as part of an allergic response

Question 16

Question
IgA in neonatal immunity: IgA is transported through [blank_start]epithelium[blank_end] and secreted via the [blank_start]Poly-Ig receptor[blank_end]. Ingested IgA [blank_start]neutralize[blank_end] pathogenic organisms within the neonates [blank_start]gut[blank_end]
Answer
  • epithelium
  • endothelium
  • Poly-Ig receptor
  • Poly-IgA receptor
  • Poly-IA receptor
  • neutralize
  • ingest
  • gut
  • stomach
  • liver
  • intestines

Question 17

Question
a 24 year old women comes in for a normal pregnancy check up when she questions you on what her friends told her. They told her that during breastfeeding its impossible to get pregnant. you tell her although not impossible its very unlikely. what is this phenomenon called
Answer
  • lactational amenorrhea
  • lactional menorrhea
  • inhibited ovulation
  • lactional hamenorrhea

Question 18

Question
a 24 year old women comes in for a normal pregnancy check up when she questions you on what her friends told her. They told her that during breastfeeding its impossible to get pregnant. you tell her although not impossible its very unlikely. what is reason for this phenomenon
Answer
  • frequent suckling interrupts secretion of GnRH and therefore decreases FSH and LH secretion preventing follicular development
  • frequent suckling causes the release of prolactin which directly inhibits FSH and GnRH secretion preventing follicular development
  • frequent suckling causes the release of prolactin which directly inhibits LH secretion preventing follicular development
  • frequent suckling causes the release of oxytocin which inhibits the secretion of GnRH and therefore decreases FSH and LH secretion preventing follicular development

Question 19

Question
complete the image of the axilla
Image:
Transverse View Of The Borders Of The Axilla (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • anterior border
  • medial border
  • posterior border
  • lateral border

Question 20

Question
what is included in the anterior border of the axilla
Answer
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • thoracic wall
  • scapularis
  • teres major
  • latissimus dorsi
  • intertubecular sulcus

Question 21

Question
which of the following is included in the medial border of the axilla
Answer
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • thoracic wall
  • latissumus dorsi
  • teres major
  • scapularis
  • intertubecular sulcus

Question 22

Question
which of the following is included in the posterior border of the axilla
Answer
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • thoracic wall
  • scapularis
  • teres major
  • latissumus dorsi
  • intertubecular sulcus

Question 23

Question
which of the following are included in the lateral border of the axilla
Answer
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • thoracic wall
  • latissimus dorsi
  • teres major
  • scapularis
  • intertubecular sulcus

Question 24

Question
complete the thoracic cage
Image:
Ribs2 1 1 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • jugular notch
  • xiphoid process
  • intercostal space
  • costal cartilage
  • body
  • manubrium
  • sternal angle
  • scapula
  • clavicle
  • clavicular notch

Question 25

Question
which of the following are classified as true ribs
Answer
  • ribs 1-8
  • ribs 1-7
  • ribs 1-6
  • ribs 1-9

Question 26

Question
which of the following is the correct definition of true ribs
Answer
  • ribs that are directly attached to the sternum
  • ribs who have costal cartilage that directly attaches to the sternum
  • ribs 1-8
  • ribs that have a 8mm distance between them

Question 27

Question
which of the following are false ribs
Answer
  • ribs 7-9
  • ribs 8-10
  • ribs 7-11
  • ribs 8-11

Question 28

Question
which of the following are floating ribs
Answer
  • ribs 10-12
  • ribs 11 and 12
  • ribs 10-13
  • ribs 11-13

Question 29

Question
complete the vascular supply of the anterior chest
Image:
Blood+Supply+To+The+Breast (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • thoracic aorta
  • posterior intercostal
  • anterior intercostal
  • subclavian
  • internal thoracic artery
  • axillary artery
  • lateral thoracic

Question 30

Question
complete the lymphatic diagram of the axilla
Image:
Lymphatic Drainage Of The Upper Limb 12 638 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • humeral
  • pectoral
  • subscapular
  • central
  • apical
  • supraclavicular

Question 31

Question
in young men at what level is the nipple located
Answer
  • 4th intercostal space
  • 4th rib
  • 5th intercostal space
  • 5th rib

Question 32

Question
what is the purpose of submammary space located between the deep trunk fascia and pectoral fascia
Answer
  • allows the breast to expand when the breast lobules enlarge in order to lactate. it also allows the breast to move
  • is where alveolar cells are located
  • allows lactiferous ducts to enlarge to allow milk secretion
  • allows an extra space so that when coopers ligaments begin to get worn out it doesnt damage any of the contents enclosed in the breast
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