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Exam 4

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chapters 9-11
Deana Heitkamp
Quiz by Deana Heitkamp, updated more than 1 year ago
Deana Heitkamp
Created by Deana Heitkamp almost 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Homologous pairs of chromosomes are
Answer
  • identical to each other
  • divided in anaphase 2
  • duplicated in prophase 2
  • similar to each other

Question 2

Question
The kinetochore contains
Answer
  • DNA and RNA
  • microtubule phosphatases
  • motor proteins
  • phosphatases
  • protein kinases

Question 3

Question
Apoptosis can occur when a cell
Answer
  • is damaged
  • is no longer needed
  • is too small
  • damaged and not needed
  • all three

Question 4

Question
Which of the following is not a second messenger?
Answer
  • cAMP
  • inositol triphosphate IP3
  • calcium ions
  • diacylgylcerol DAG
  • protein kinase

Question 5

Question
A nucleosome is formed by
Answer
  • the fusion of DNA and proteins
  • the winding of DNA around histone proteins
  • ribosomes and mRNA
  • the fusion of two nucleid
  • the winding of DNA around chromatin

Question 6

Question
Unpacking of chromosomes and the formation of a new nuclear envelope is a characteristic of what stage of mitosis?
Answer
  • prophase
  • metaphase
  • anaphase
  • telophase
  • cytokinesis

Question 7

Question
Separation of sister chromatids is a hallmark of which phase of mitosis?
Answer
  • prophase
  • metaphase
  • anaphase
  • telophase
  • cytokinesis

Question 8

Question
Some plants exhibit alternating generations of haploid and diploid multicellular organisms. The haploid multicellular gametophyte arises from single-cell spores by the process of
Answer
  • meiosis
  • mitosis
  • spermatogenesis
  • parthenogenesis
  • oogenesis

Question 9

Question
A common feature of receptor-mediated signaling is
Answer
  • amplification
  • autophosphorylation
  • regulation
  • amplification and regulation
  • all three

Question 10

Question
A cleavage furrow forms during
Answer
  • plant cell apoptosis
  • animal cell apoptosis
  • plant cell cytokinesis
  • animal cell cytokinesis

Question 11

Question
Synaptic signaling alters membrane potential through which of the following signaling mechanisms?
Answer
  • G-protein coupled receptors
  • tyrosine kinase receptors
  • ganglioside receptors
  • ligand-gated ioin channels

Question 12

Question
Failure of chromosomes to assort independently in meiosis could lead to
Answer
  • increased crossing over
  • greater or lesser chromosome numbers in gametes
  • smaller chromosomes
  • mutations
  • larger chromosomes

Question 13

Question
The cell plate forms during
Answer
  • animal metaphase
  • plant cytokinesis
  • plant metaphase
  • plant morphogenesis

Question 14

Question
Checkpoints in the cell cycle are controlled by
Answer
  • the concentration of cyclin-dependent kinases
  • the cytoplasmic concentration of cAMP
  • the concentration of cyclins
  • mitotic spindle length

Question 15

Question
A liver cell of an organism has 8 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be in a gamete of that organism?
Answer
  • 2
  • 4
  • 8
  • 16
  • 32

Question 16

Question
At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?
Answer
  • prophase 1
  • prophase 2
  • anaphase 1
  • anaphase 2

Question 17

Question
Prokaryotes propagate by
Answer
  • karyogenesis
  • mitosis
  • cytokinesis
  • oncogenesis
  • binary fission

Question 18

Question
A grape vine stem is placed in water with rooting hormone. New growth begins to germinate. What process drives that new growth?
Answer
  • parthenogenesis
  • gametogenesis
  • meiosis
  • mitosis
  • non-disjunction

Question 19

Question
Which of the following chemical signaling systems requires transport in the circulatory system?
Answer
  • synaptic
  • paracrine
  • endocrine
  • autocrine

Question 20

Question
Mitosis results in two _____ cells, while meiosis results in _______ haploid cells.
Answer
  • diploid/two
  • haploid/four
  • haploid/two
  • diploid/four

Question 21

Question
Which of the following is a diploid cell?
Answer
  • zygote
  • skin cell
  • egg
  • zygote and skin cell
  • all three

Question 22

Question
What is a likely evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Answer
  • produces a greater number of offspring
  • lower chance of using up resources
  • requires fewer steps
  • greater variation in offspring
  • more cost effective

Question 23

Question
A drug that prevents translocation of activated receptors from the cytoplasm to the nucleus will affect which signaling system?
Answer
  • synaptic transmission
  • paracrine signaling
  • steroid hormones
  • gap junction signaling

Question 24

Question
Which of the following is common to both meiosis or mitosis?
Answer
  • parthenogenesis
  • fertilization
  • cytokinesis
  • phosphorylation
  • interphase

Question 25

Question
When phosphorylated, cyclin-dependent kinases
Answer
  • phosphorylate cyclins
  • phosphorylate target proteins
  • dephosphorylate proteins
  • dephosphorylate cyclins

Question 26

Question
Activated steroid hormone receptors are also
Answer
  • calcium channels
  • protein kinases
  • phosphodiesterases
  • protein phosphatases
  • transcription factors

Question 27

Question
Tyrosine kinase receptor enzymatic activity is enhanced by
Answer
  • tyrosine binding to the receptor
  • autophosphorylation
  • G-protein binding
  • GTP

Question 28

Question
A haploid dominant organism, such as fungi arise from spores that are
Answer
  • haploid
  • euploid
  • diploid
  • tetraploid

Question 29

Question
Fertilization results in
Answer
  • a zygote
  • a diploid cell
  • a cell with new genetic cominations
  • none
  • all

Question 30

Question
Independent assortment in meiosis occurs during
Answer
  • interphase
  • metaphase 1
  • cytokinesis
  • prophase 1

Question 31

Question
G-proteins are characterized by
Answer
  • coupling to ganglioside receptors
  • ATPase activity
  • autophosphorylation
  • localization in the cytoplasm
  • a requirement of GTP binding for activation

Question 32

Question
When during meiosis are cells haploid?
Answer
  • after meiosis 1
  • after meiosis 2
  • after interphase
  • after meiosis 1 and 2
  • all three

Question 33

Question
G-proteins are composed of
Answer
  • alpha, beta, and gamma subunits
  • a GTPase and protein kinase A
  • MAP kinases
  • GTP and protein

Question 34

Question
Steroid hormone receptors are found in the
Answer
  • cytoplasm
  • plasma membrane
  • extracellular matrix
  • circulatory system

Question 35

Question
Seedless watermelon plants have 33 chromosomes. Why don't their seeds properly develop?
Answer
  • meiosis cannot evenly reduce chromosome number
  • crossing over cannot occur
  • there is a high mutation rate in these plant cells
  • these cells cannot undergo proper mitosis

Question 36

Question
A phospholipase breaks down phospholipids into
Answer
  • calcium ions and IP3
  • IP3 and cAMP
  • DAG and cAMP
  • calcium ions and cAMP
  • IP3 and DAG

Question 37

Question
At the end of the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, each daughter cell has
Answer
  • the same amount of DNA as at the very beginning of the S phase
  • the same amount of DNA as at the very end of G2
  • half as much DNA as in G1
  • the same amount of DNA as at the very beginning of G2
  • twice as much DNA as in G1

Question 38

Question
How are DAG and IP3 formed?
Answer
  • protein kinase C enzyme activity
  • phosphorylation of cAMP
  • they are hormones that originate from signaling cells
  • phospholipase breakdown of plasma membrane
  • activation of protein kinase A

Question 39

Question
G proteins require which of the following for activation
Answer
  • GTP
  • PKA
  • adenylyl cyclase
  • PKC
  • IP3

Question 40

Question
Adenylyl cyclase uses _________ as a substrate to synthesize ________.
Answer
  • ATP; pyrophosphate
  • AMP; cAMP
  • cAMP; ATP
  • pyrophosphate; cAMP
  • ATP; cAMP

Question 41

Question
The haploid number of a human cell is
Answer
  • 12
  • 23
  • 46
  • 92

Question 42

Question
Synapses of homologous pairs of chromosomes is required for
Answer
  • crossing over
  • parthenogensis
  • non-disjunction
  • independent assortment
  • fertilization

Question 43

Question
DNA synthesis occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
Answer
  • G1 phase
  • G0 phase
  • S phase
  • G2 phase
  • M phase

Question 44

Question
Identical copies of chromatin held together at the centromere are called
Answer
  • sister chromatids
  • histones
  • chromatin
  • nucleosomes
  • homologous chromosomes
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