18226769
Description
Quiz by Katie Buerk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Katie Buerk
almost 5 years ago
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Question 1
Question
The grey rami communicantes associated with the thoracic spinal nerves (i.e., T1-T12) contain which one of the following types of nerve fibers?
Answer
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Preganglionic sympathetic axons
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Postganglionic sympathetic axons
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Preganglionic parasympathetic axons
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Postganglionic parasympathetic axons
Question 2
Question
The thoracic cardiac nerves:
Answer
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Contain postganglionic parasympathetic axons from neurons located in T1-T4 ganglia
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Contain postganglionic sympathetic axons from neurons located in T1-T4 ganglia
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Contain preganglionic sympathetic axons from neurons located in T1-T4 ganglia
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Contain preganglionic sympathetic axons from neurons located in T5-T9 ganglia
Question 3
Question
A 45-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital with edema (swelling) of the lower limbs. Ultrasound reveals an incompetent tricuspid valve. Into which area will regurgitation of blood (i.e., retrograde flow) occur in this patient?
Answer
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Ascending aorta
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Left ventricle
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Pulmonary trunk
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Right atrium
Question 4
Question
A 42-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital with dyspnea (i.e., difficulty breathing). Imaging reveals severe mitral valve prolapse. Which structure normally prevents prolapse of the mitral valve cusps into the left atrium during ventricular contraction?
Answer
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Chordae tendineae
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Crista terminalis
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Fibrous skeleton
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Pectinate muscles
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Trabeculae carneae
Question 5
Question
A 39-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with a complaint of severe retrosternal pain that radiates to the left shoulder, which is relieved by leaning forward. Auscultation reveals a pericardial friction rub, leading to a diagnosis of pericarditis (i.e., inflammation of the pericardium). Which of the following nerves is transmitting the pain?
Answer
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greater sphlancnic
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intercostal
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phrenic
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thoracic cardiac
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vagus
Question 6
Question
Which of the following is the correct pathway for blood flow through the heart?
Answer
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Oxygen poor blood from body - Left Atrium - Mitral Valve - Left Ventricle - Pulmonary Veins – Lungs - Pulmonary Veins - Right Atrium - Tricuspid Valve - Right Ventricle - Aorta
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Oxygen poor blood from body - Right Atrium - Tricuspid Valve - Right Ventricle - pulmonary arteries – Lungs - Pulmonary Veins - Left Atrium - Mitral Valve - Left Ventricle - Aorta
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Oxygen poor blood from body - Right Atrium - Mitral Valve - Right Ventricle - Pulmonary Arteries – Lungs - Pulmonary Veins - Left Atrium - Tricuspid Valve - Left Ventricle - Aorta
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Oxygen poor blood from body - Right Atrium - Tricuspid Valve - Right Ventricle - Pulmonary Veins – Lungs - Pulmonary Arteries - Left Atrium - Mitral Valve - Left Ventricle – Aorta
Question 7
Question
The thoracic duct usually drains into which location?
Answer
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The junction between the left internal jugular and left subclavian veins (i.e. the left venous angle)
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The junction between the accessory hemiazygos and left brachiocephalic veins
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The junction between the azygos vein and the superior vena cava
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The junction between the right internal jugular and right subclavian veins (i.e. the right venous angle)
Question 8
Question
A 69-year-old man presents with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) to solids and vomiting. Endoscopy reveals a distal esophageal cancer and biopsy confirms adenocarcinoma. Following a radical esophagectomy, the surgeon is concerned with a possible iatrogenic injury to the thoracic duct. Drainage of lymph from which of the following regions would be affected in this patient if the thoracic duct was damaged?
Answer
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right breast
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right leg
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right side of head
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right upper limb
Question 9
Question
A fracture of the cervical spinal column at C6 results in the loss of spinal cord function below the C6 spinal cord segment. Which of the following statements is correct?
Answer
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Forced expiration will be largely unaffected.
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Inspiration at rest will be largely unaffected.
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The patient will require a ventilator to breathe.
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There will be no effect on breathing mechanics at rest or during exertion.
Question 10
Question
Pleurisy is an inflammatory condition that results in adhesions forming between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura. This results in sharp, painful sensations from the thoracic wall during breathing that are carried by somatic afferents traveling in which nerves?
Answer
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Dorsal rami of thoracic spinal nerves
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Intercostal nerves
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Sympathetic chain
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Vagus nerves
Question 11
Question
A 14-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department after being thrown from her horse. She is experiencing intense chest pain and shortness of breath. Imaging reveals a broken left sixth rib and a pneumothorax; the broken rib punctured her lung. Disruption of which tissue layer allows air from the lung to enter the pleural cavity?
Answer
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end-thoracic fascia
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internal intercostal muscles
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parietal pleura
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visceral pleura
Question 12
Question
The nasal conchae create turbulent air flow during inspiration. This turbulence:
Answer
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cools air
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Decreases air flow to olfactory region.
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Decreases the humidity of the air.
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Improves trapping of particulate matter by mucous.
Question 13
Question
The greatest density of olfactory nerve endings are in the mucosa covering which of the following structures?
Answer
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Inferior margin of the nasal septum
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Inferior nasal concha
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Nasal vestibule
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D Superior nasal concha
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