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Pediatric GI System

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NCLEX Nursing (Maternal-Newborn) Quiz on Pediatric GI System, created by Olivia McRitchie on 01/11/2019.
Olivia McRitchie
Quiz by Olivia McRitchie, updated more than 1 year ago
Olivia McRitchie
Created by Olivia McRitchie over 4 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
You are delivering teaching about the newborn infant GI system to a first time mother. Which of the following statements shows that MORE teaching is needed?
Answer
  • "My baby's GI system is immature. This includes the liver."
  • "Babies have a shorter large and small intestine. This causes them to absorb less nutrients from food."
  • "Babies can only consume 20 mL of food at one time, and it takes 3 hours for the stomach to empty."
  • "They have a stronger constriction and relaxation of their GI muscles."

Question 2

Question
You have delivered teaching about digestive enzymes in infants to a first-time mother. Which of the following statements shows that MORE teaching is needed?
Answer
  • "My baby has less of an enzyme called amylase. Because of that, I shouldn't give my baby cereal until she's between 4-6 months old."
  • "Since my baby can handle breast milk, it stands to reason that she can handle pasteurized cow's milk."
  • "My baby has less of an ability to absorb and digest fats due to less of an enzyme called lipase."
  • "I should breast feed because breast is best."

Question 3

Question
You have a 3 month old baby that is a failure to thrive. What symptoms would lead you to believe that this infant has GI dysfunctions?
Answer
  • Spitting up/regurgitation, nausea, and vomiting
  • Jaundice
  • Both diarrhea and constipation
  • Abdominal distension and hypoactive, hyperactive, or absent bowel sounds.
  • GI bleeding
  • Dysphagia
  • Lack of attachment to parental figures.
  • Inconsolable irritability and crying

Question 4

Question
When should the first meconium be passed?
Answer
  • Within 24 hours of birth.
  • 12-24 hours after birth.
  • Within 12 hours of birth.
  • 24-36 hours after birth.

Question 5

Question
An infant that is 2 days old has not passed his first meconium. What disorders would you assess for?
Answer
  • Hirschsprung disease.
  • Hypothyroidism.
  • Meconium plug.
  • Meconium ileus.
  • Cystic fibrosis.
  • Hyperthyroidism.

Question 6

Question
You are talking to a woman of Asian descent with a male child who has a bilateral cleft palate. Select the correct teaching to give to this woman.
Answer
  • "This malformation occurred during embryonic development."
  • "If a baby has a cleft palate, they cannot have a cleft lip."
  • "Cleft palates and lips are more common in people of Asian and Native American descent."
  • "Females are more likely to have it than males are."
  • "Bilateral cleft palate or lip, which is what your baby has, is not as common as unilateral cleft palate or lip."

Question 7

Question
Which of the following women would NOT be at risk for delivering a baby with a cleft palate or lip?
Answer
  • A 16-year-old hospitalized with conformed folic acid and iron-deficiency anemia.
  • A 30-year-old who had a cleft palate corrected in infancy and gave birth to a baby with a severe cleft palate 2 years prior.
  • A 36-year-old whose baby has been confirmed to have Downs syndrome.
  • A 25-year-old who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Question 8

Question
Development of a cleft palate or lip is normally complete by the end of the first trimester of pregnancy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Cleft lip is more common than cleft palate, and the two disorders occur together about 45% of the time.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
What discharge teaching is needed for a mother who gave birth to a child with a cleft lip and/or palate?
Answer
  • Teaching about breastfeeding and the different special bottles that are available for feeding.
  • Teaching about future speech issues.
  • Teach how to effectively bond with the baby.
  • Teach about prevention of future self-esteem concerns.
  • Teach about the need for genetic testing.
  • Teach about special sleep safety needs.

Question 11

Question
A 10-month-old has just undergone surgery to correct his cleft lip and palate. The baby has a Logan bow. What does this mean?
Answer
  • The baby has a device in place to stabilize the cheeks and reduce suture stress.
  • The baby has a device in place to prevent the suture from re-opening.
  • The baby has a device in place to correct the cleft lip and palate.
  • The baby has a device in place to improve the functional and cosmetic appearance of scars.

Question 12

Question
You have a non-emergency patient admitted to the pediatric unit following a Z-plasty. What is a Z-plasty?
Answer
  • A cosmetic surgery that is performed to improve the functional and cosmetic appearance of scars due to cleft lip and/or palate closure.
  • A cosmetic surgery used to close a cleft lip and/or palate.
  • A cleft lip and/or palate has been repaired and this surgery places a device to stabilize the cheeks and reduce suture stress.
  • A cleft lip and/or palate has been repaired and this child had adverse effects and needed another surgery.

Question 13

Question
A woman with gestational diabetes mellitus and polyhydramnios has delivered a baby with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Which of the following statements, made by the mother, shows that teaching about this defect has been RECEIVED?
Answer
  • "My baby's esophagus, which is responsible for delivering swallowed food to the stomach, did not develop as a continuous passage."
  • "My baby's pharynx, which is responsible for delivering swallowed food to the stomach, did not develop as a continuous passage."
  • "My baby's esophagus, which is responsible for delivering swallowed food to the stomach, does not connect to the stomach."
  • "My baby's esophagus, which is responsible for delivering swallowed food to the stomach, is connected to the wrong place."

Question 14

Question
A newborn baby is breast feeding for the first time. What symptoms would lead you to request testing for esophageal atresia and/or transesophageal fistula?
Answer
  • Coughing
  • Choking
  • Cyanosis
  • Vomiting
  • Crying

Question 15

Question
You have a newborn admitted to the PICU following surgery to repair a transesophageal fistula. What are the nursing considerations for this baby?
Answer
  • Frequent suctioning is needed.
  • The head of the infant's bed should be elevated.
  • The baby should be prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
  • Normal post-operative care as per hospital policy needs to be completed.
  • Keep the infant NPO for at least 48 hours following surgery.
  • These infants are always medically fragile.

Question 16

Question
You have a 1 month old male admitted to the PICU with severe protein-calorie malnutrition and infant failure to thrive. The mother reports that the infant vomits within 1 hour of every feed and is hungry after. The child's front fontanelle is depressed, and the skin tents when pulled up. Upon abdominal assessment, you can see a mass in the ULQ and visible peristalsis. Which of the following diagnoses would you expect for this child?
Answer
  • Transesophageal fistula
  • Hyperthrophic pyloric stenosis
  • Gastroesophageal reflux
  • Intussusception

Question 17

Question
How can you explain hypertrophic pyloric stenosis to a mother whose baby has been diagnosed with it?
Answer
  • "Something called the pyloric sphincter is constricted, causing the part of the stomach connected to the small intestine to be blocked."
  • "The esophagus, which is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach, did not develop as a continuous passage like it should have."
  • "The contents of the stomach are being pushed back into the esophagus, which is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach."
  • "One part of the intestine has been pushed into another part of the intestine."

Question 18

Question
First born males are most affected by hyperthrophic pyloric stenosis.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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