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Acid-Base
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Questions in this quiz (22)
1Which of the following organelles normally have a low (acidic) pH?
- ACytoplasm
- BMitochondrial matrix
- CLysosomes
- DSecretory granules
- EGolgi
250-100 mEq of noncarbonic acids are generated per day with a typical Western diet.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3What is the normal value for plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)?
- A22 mEq/L
- B24 mEq/L
- C26 mEq/L
- D28 mEq/L
4What is the plasma pH when PCO2 = 50 and HCO3- is 22?
- A7.4
- B7.2
- C7.36
- D7.26
5How does the body compensate for elevated CO2 levels?
- ADecreasing CO2
- BIncreasing HCO3-
- CDecreasing HCO3-
- DDecreasing GFR
6Which of the following are "first line" defenses against pH shift?
- ABicarbonate/phosphate buffer system
- BProtein buffer system
- CRespiratory mechanism
- DRenal mechanism
7Where does ion trapping by phosphate and ammonia (acidification) occur in the nephron?
- APCT
- BtDLH
- CTALH
- DCD
8In acid excretion, 2/3 of the acid load is NH4+
- ATrue
- BFalse
9Which of the following will inhibit ammonia production and consequently impair acid load excretion?
- AHyperkalemia
- BANG II
- CProstaglandins
- DDrinking Windex
10In distal RTA, there is a defect in carbonic anhydrase and bicarb cannot be properly recovered.
- ATrue
- BFalse
11Decreased aldosterone activity would likely cause
- ADistal RTA; hyperkalemia
- BDistal RTA; hypokalemia
- CProximal RTA; hyperkalemia
- DProximal RTA; hypokalemia
12Metabolic alkalosis and acidosis are characterized by large compensatory ventilation changes.
- ATrue
- BFalse
13Analyze the following values for your patient. pH = 7.35, HCO3- = 16 mEq/L, PCO2 = 30mmHg. This is ______ and appears to be ______.
- Ametabolic acidosis; compensated
- Bmetabolic acidosis; decompensated
- Cmetabolic alkalosis; compensated
- Dmetabolic alkalosis; decompensated
14Your patient, a 64 y/o female with COPD secondary to chronic smoking, presents with the following lab values: PO2 = 48mmHg, PCO2 69mmHg, HCO3- = 34mmHg, pH = 7.32. What can you reasonably deduce?
- AAcute respiratory acidosis
- BAcute metabolic acidosis
- CChronic respiratory acidosis
- DChronic metabolic acidosis
15To measure the anion gap, take the sum of sodium and potassium and subtract the sum of bicarbonate.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16Which of the following conditions is characterized by a high anion gap?
- AMethanol intoxication
- BEthanol intoxication
- CUremia
- DDiarrhea
- ERTA
- FDKA
17Your patient has ingested ammonium chloride and thus has taken in excess chloride. As such, you would expect metabolic acidosis with an anion gap of roughly 8-14 mEq/L.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18Which is not a cause of metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap?
- ADiarrhea
- BRTA
- CHyperalimentation
- DParaldehyde ingestion
- ECarbonic anhydrase inhibitors
19Knowing that the loss of hydrogen ions can cause metabolic alkalosis, which of the following would you expect to contribute to H+ loss?
- AHyperkalemia
- BVomiting
- CHyperaldosteronism
- DHypokalemia
- EDiuretics
20Bicarbonate is secreted by beta intercalated cells
- ATrue
- BFalse
21An otherwise healthy, young patient has acute respiratory acidosis. Which of the following best depicts this patient's condition?
- ApH 7.26 , PCO2 = 50mmHg , HCO3- = 40mmHg
- BpH 7.26 , PCO2 = 50mmHg , HCO3- = 23 mmHg
- CpH 7.55 , PCO2 = 40 mmHg, HCO3- =40mmHg
- DpH 7.55 , PCO2 = 40 mmHg, HCO3- =23mmHg
22Which of the following is a renal adjustment in acidotic conditions?
- AIncreased excretion of titratable acids
- BDecreased net acid secretion
- CIncreased net acid secretion leading to increased plasma bicarbonate
- DIncreased production and excretion of NH4+
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- Medicine Quiz on Acid-Base, created by Trey W on 11/08/2020.
- Author
- Trey W
- Language
- English
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