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BIO FINAL
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Questions in this quiz (123)
1who proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection?
- AAlfred Wallace
- BSigmund Freud
- CCharles Darwin
- DAlfonse Ricardo
2What did Charlies Darwin want to study?
- Amedicine/nursing/anatomy
- Bmath/formulas/business
- Cchemistry/biology/geology
- Dengineering/architecture/welding
3Facts about Charles Darwin's life (5)
- Avery wealthy family
- Bhe adored astronomy
- Cthe teacher thought he was mentally disabled
- Dhe was in the military
- Ecollected insects and rocks
- Fhe easily got seasick
- Gwent around the world on an HMS beagle.
4Charles Darwin went on a __ year trip to the _________ hemisphere.
- A7; northern
- B3; southern
- C5; southern
- D8; southern
- E6; northern
5What was the goal of the trip Darwin went on?
- Atest out the boat
- Bfind natural resources
- Clearn more bout other cultures
- Dnew settlements
- Ewar
6What job did darwin take on this trip after the person quit?
- ANatruralist/Surgeon
- BCaptain/Scouter
- CSurveyor/Nurse
- DCrewman/Boiler room
7Darwin was able to see many plants, animals, and fossils on ___ continents.
- A8
- B7
- C4
- D5
8What fossils did Darwin find?
- AT-rex
- BGiant ground sloth
- CMole
- DHorse
- EGomphothere
- FGiant lizard
9At what age did Darwin return home?
- A27
- B30
- C25
- D23
10What did Darwin study for 8 years?
- AFish
- BBarnacles
- CDisease
- DMoths
- ETigers
11What is the theory of why Darwin took so long to publish?
- AHe got ill
- BHe was fearful of the reaction he would receive
- CHe ran out of ideas
- DHe did not have the money
12Alfred Wallace was a 1.)_________. Compared West 2.)________ and 3.)________organsims.
- A1. naturalist
- B2. Pacific
- C1. theorist
- D2. Atlantic
- E3. Australian
- F3. American
13Wallace coined the term...
- Aexpect the unexpected
- Bwhat doesn't kill you makes you stronger
- Csurvival of the fittest
- Dorganisms will always evolve
14Wallace wrote an essay "on the law which has regulated the introduction of new species" which is about...
- AHow an animal can go extinct
- BChallenging Darwins theory
- CWallace's ideas on the natural arrangement of species and their successive creation.
- DOceanic evolution
15Wallace sent his work to....?
- AFreud
- BDarwin
- CMarcos
- DLouis
16Darwin told Wallace to do what with his works?
- Adestroy it
- Bsent it to a scholar
- Cpublish immediately
- Dhide it
17What is the Linnaean Society?
- Aa society that focuses on natural history, evolution, and taxonomy.
- BA group that does not approve of evolution
- CA publishing company
- DA society of professors that study mathematics
18The "Origin of Species" was written by _____ and published in _____.
- AWallace 1869
- BLinium 1876
- CDarwin 1859
- DMarquise 1858
19The ________ ___ _____ was the next book written by Darwin.
- AThe Networks of the Universe
- BThe Evolution of Species
- CThe Pieces of Life
- DThe Descent of Man
20Thomas Malthus was an ________ _________ .
- AScientist
- BProfessor or ethics
- CSocial Economist
- DDoctor
21 Essay on the Principle of Population was written by Malthus and explained his theory that...
- Athe world going through depression if certain species go extinct.
- Bthrough preventative checks and positive checks, the population would be controlled to balance the food supply with the population level.
- CHow math can help scientist discover why animals evolve
- DComparing animals to humans in the ways of survival.
22Facts about Georges Cuvier..(3)
- Ahe believed evolution was a lie
- Bfounder of the sciences of comparative anatomy and paleontology.
- Che was a devout catholic
- Dbelieved animals evolved after a catastrophe over and over again
- Ethought lizards to be the first living creature
- Fhypothesized catastrophes wiped out areas.
- Gstudied dinosaurs
23What did Cuvier study closely?
- AElephants
- BMonkeys
- CZebras
- DBirds
24Jean-Baptiste Lamarck said
- Aadaptation causes diversity
- BDNA has mutated into two strands
- CEvolution is made by God
- DAnimals will overcome humans
25What was Lamarck's theory?
- AAnimals will not evolve over time and become weaker than the generation before.
- BPeople will one day kill every animal and die from a lack of food.
- Cliving things evolved in a continuous upward direction, from dead matter, through simple to more complex forms, toward human "perfection."
- DAnimals will begin to grow more "human" features as the population rises.
26"Earth slowly changes through continuous erosion, uplift continuous erosion, uplift weathering causes erosion weathering causes erosion transported to oceans causing strata" was written in..
- APrinciples of Geology by Charles Lyell
- BTheory of the World by Charles Darwin
- CEvolutionary Earth by Thomas Malthus
- DNatural theory by Elliot Thyme
27Species are not fixed, but they __________
- AChange over time
- BGet even worse
- CAlways stay the same
- DNever go away
28Two important species on the Galapagos Island
- Aiguana
- Btortoises
- Calligators
- Dfinches
- Esharks
29Near Galapagos Island, the other islands had the same animals but they were different. What is an example of this?
- AOn one island the turtles were blue but on the other they were green
- BThe birds on one island laid eggs and the birds on another island did not
- CIn dry areas, the tortoises have long necks, but in moist areas, they had short necks
- DThere were rabbits on one island and none on the others
- EOne island had a breed of bird the others did not
30How many species of finches did Darwin find with similar but slightly different features?
- A12
- B10
- C14
- D11
- E15
31What was the key for Darwin to see the difference in the same species of Finch?
- Afeathers
- Bbeak
- Ceyes
- Dtallons
32A ground base thick beak was made to eat _____ while the tree-based thin beak was made to eat ________.
- ASeeds/ insects
- BInsects/crab
- CFish/insects
- DInsects/insects
33What did Peter and Rosemary Grant study?
- Aground finch
- Btree finch
- Cair finch
- Dmountain finch
34Wet season _____seeds, beaks ______.
Dry season _______ seeds, beaks _____- Amany/smaller; few/larger
- Bfew/larger; few/smaller
- Cmany/larger; many/larger
- Dfew/smaller;many/smaller
35Why did the larger beak finches have a higher survival rate?
- AThey could pick at trees easier.
- BThey used the beak as a weapon.
- CBy eating harder seeds when the small ones are gone.
- DThey ate more than seeds.
36How were peter and rosemary grant so accurate?
- AThey bred them
- BThey monitored them 24/7
- CThey measured each bird individually
- DThey watched interactions
37Various cells, tissues, and organs in a body that no longer serve a function.
- AArcheo structures
- BLateral structures
- CVestigial structures
- DAmphibian structures
38An example of Vestigial structures in humans
- Aappendix
- Bkidney
- Cliver
- Dpancreas
39a similar function, different construction
- AHomologous structures
- BAnalogous structure
- CVestigial structures
- DLateral structures
40similar appearance & use
- AHomologous structures
- BVestigial structures
- CAnalogous structure
- DArtificial selection
41DNA, ATP, enzymes, AA, proteins, ATP, enzymes, AA, proteins, cell membranes, cell division are all things _________________.
- AOrganic
- Bused in reproduction
- Call animals use.
- Dbasic organisms use.
42The ____ acts as a record of evolutionary change
- ARNA
- BDNA
- CATP
- DmRNA
43Most organisms develop similarly since they came from common ________.
- Aparents
- Bancestors
- Cbreed
- Dfamily
44Population produces more offspring than can ______________________:
- Abuild new societies
- Bmake more resources
- Cresources can support
- Devolve
45"Population produces more offspring than can resources can support"
Who's theory was this?- AAlbert Einstein
- BCharles Darwin
- CThomas Malthus
- DLyonel Offbridge
46More adapted individuals survive and reproduce more than those without adaptations
- ATrue
- BFalse
47 _________________ is defined as an individual's production of offspring per breeding event or lifetime.
- Ainternal success
- Breproductive success
- Coffspring sum
- Dparent to kid ratio
48Convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
- ATrue
- BFalse
49The incorporation of _______ and _______ theory is known as "modern evolutionary synthesis.
- ARNA & Einstein
- BDNA & Marque
- Cgenetics & Darwins
- Dcells & Smiths
50"theory of punctuated equilibrium, which proposes that the evolution of species is not a slow, gradual process of change, but in fact consists of long periods of stability broken by shorter periods of rapid change. "
whose idea was this?- AElmer Forems
- BStephen Jay Gould’s
- CRyan L. Peters
- DMike Ray Jones
51Darwin developed artificial selection from raising _______.
- Amagpie
- Bpigeons
- Cducks
- Dfinches
52Two types of selections
- Aphysical and mental
- Bnatural and simple
- Cartificial and natural
- Dstrong and week
- Ehigh and low
53the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tends to survive and produce more offspring.
- Anatural selection
- Bartificial selection
- Cchosen selection
- Dstrong selection
54the identification by humans of desirable traits in plants and animals and the steps are taken to enhance and perpetuate those traits in future generations.
- Aartificial selection
- Bnatural selection
- Cprocess selection
- Dhuge selection
55Studying _________ growth also helps scientists understand what causes changes in population sizes and growth rates.
- Ahuman
- Bdemand
- Cpopulation
- Danimal
56__________ ______________ in a population may change due to gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection and mutation.
- Acell destruction
- Ballele frequencies
- Cgene manipulation
- DDNA breaking
57______________ refers to the movement of individuals between populations.
- ACell replication
- BRNA mutation
- CGenetic drift
- DDNA changing
58Migration of a random few individuals from one population to a new area to establish a new population is an example of
- Agene mutation
- Bfounder effect
- Callele frequency
- DDNA manipulation
59A reduction in a human population size caused by short-term events such as pandemics, wars, famines, or other catastrophes, or by long-term demographic trends, as in sub-replacement fertility rate, or persistent emigration.
- AA population decline
- BStabilizing selection
- CDisruptive selection.
- DArtificial selection
60survivors from the population decline are the new ___________.
- Aoffspring
- Bgene pool
- Cgeneration
- Dhuman beings
61Individuals with certain genotypes mate more often
- ARandom mating
- BCrucial mating
- CNon-random mating
- DExcessive mating
62Each genotype in the population usually has different fitness for that particular environment. In other words, some genotypes will be favored, and individuals with those genotypes will continue to reproduce.
This is the reason behind _________- ANon-random mating
- BRepopulation
- CInsertion
- DNatural Selection
63Selection for desired characters, Includes inbreeding, self-fertilization, & More homozygous, less variation.
- ASelective Breeding
- BNatural Selection
- CArtificial Selection
- DRandom Selection
64Alters genotype frequencies but not allele frequencies.
- ASelective breeding
- BNatural selection
- CArtificial Selection
- DRandom Breeding
65A principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.
- AHardy-Weinberg Principle
- BDarwins Principle of Genes
- CMartins Principle of Life
- DDodger Principle
66Two things the Hardy-Weinberg principle does
- AFocuses on RNA
- BStudies frequencies of alleles in a gene pool
- CStudies Inbreeding
- DIncludes all alleles of all individuals
- EIncludes mRNA transcription
67What is the reason for Hardy-Weinberg's formula
- Aliving organisms are made up of cells, that they are the basic structural/organizational unit of all organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
- Bstates that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.
- Cthe idea that genes are the basic units in which characteristics are passed from one generation to the next.
- Dphenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable.
68What is the Hardy-Weinberg formula?
- Ap^3+q^3-pq=1
- Bp^3+2pq=3
- Cp^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
- Dp^2+px-1=0
69What does p stand for (_______) and then q (_________) in the Hardy- Weinberg formula.
- Ap= dominate allele frequency. q= recessive allele frequency
- Bp= recessive allele frequency. q= dominant allele frequency
- Cp= female allele frequency. q= male allele frequency
- Dp= open allele frequency. q= closed allele frequency
70Rules to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle (5)
- ANo input of new alleles
- BPopulation size must be very large (basically infinite)
- CInbreeding must occur at least a few times
- DMating must be random
- ENo mutation
- FNeeds one or two mutations in the population
- GAll alleles equally replaced by future generations
71Why does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium rarely apply in reality?
- AThis is false and does happen plenty of times in reality.
- BBecause all of these disruptive forces commonly occur in nature, going against the principles rules.
- CMost of the population has gene mutations.
- DThe allele frequency in humans does not fit the criteria for this principle.
72A variable of a system that causes a noticeable change in output or another measure of a type of system. The ______________ is in a pyramid shape of organisms going up from the producers to consumers and so on.
- AOpen Factor
- BLimiting Factor
- CRandom Factor
- DGene Factor
73all evolutionary innovations are modifications to previously existing structures.
- ATrue
- BFalse
74is limited by the available energy, water, oxygen, and minerals, and by the ability of ecosystems to recycle the residue of dead organic materials.
- AThe variety of species
- BHow many offspring an organism can have
- CThe amount of life any environment can support
- DThe number of mutations in an environment
75what is the directional selection?
- Aan average phenotype is favored
- Ba change in the environment shifts
- Cgenes mutated in order for population control
- Ddistribution of phenotypes within a population
76when is a phenotype favored? (example in size of horses)
- Aartificial selection
- Bnatural selection
- Cdirectional selection
- Dimpact selection
77Disruptive Selection...
- Aeliminates intermediate phenotypes
- Badds an extreme phenotype
- Cremoves a codon in the sequence
- Dalters the allele frequency
78Disruptive selection favors both ________ phenotypes
- Arecessive
- Bmutated
- Cextreme
- Daverage
79What type of Finch is an example of Disruptive Selection?
- AEurasian bullfinch
- BEuropean goldfinch
- CAfrican black-bellied seed cracker finch
- DEuropean House finch
80Stabilizing selection eliminates ________
- Athe more severe phenotypes
- Bthe weaker phenotype
- Cthe extreme phenotype
- Dthe recessive phenotype
81Does not change what’s common, just makes it more common....what type of selection is this?
- AStabilizing
- BDisruptive
- CDirectional
- DNatural
82Example of stabilizing selection
- Aintermediate egg # in birds
- BHorse size
- CBeak thickness
- DAmount of strong offspring
83The abbreviation "_____." (plural) indicates "several species"
- Asp
- Bspp
- Cpq
- Dq
84What relies on morphological data and emphasizes groups of physical traits that are unique to each species?
- AEvolutionary theory
- BMorphological species concept
- CDivine population theory
- DSelective theory
85new species can arise rapidly through ______________ and ________________
- Aalle frequency disruption and evolution
- Bfertilization and phenotypes
- Chybridization and polyploidy
- Dhyperlye and phospharous
86Morphological concept developed by ____________
- AMartin
- BLinnaeus
- CDarwin
- DTheus
87Concept based on physical appearance...
- AMorphological spp Concept
- BMorphological genotype Concept
- CMorphological sp Concept
- DMorphological pq Concept
88Problems with the Morphological spp Concept
- ADeflection of light is the different angle between true position and apparent position of stars or the difference of altitude.
- Bit does not add the possibility of mutations in a certain population even though they will occur
- Cit does not distinguish between species that are actually produced by convergent evolution and are not really closely related.
- Dit is an impossible concept that could never fit into any scenario
89The major limitation to this species concept, however, is that morphology can be very _________.
- Aimportant
- Bmisleading
- Ceducational
- Daccurate
90Since all organisms have physical traits, ______________ species can be used on any group of organisms on Earth.
- AMorphological Spp Concept
- BMorphological Pq Concept
- CMorphological Sp Concept
- DMorphological Ss Concept
91what is sp?
- Athe abbreviation of species when used as a singular
- Bthe abbreviation more multiple species
- Cto describe a group of the same species
- Dthe abbrevation for special phenotype
92what does spp stand for?
- Astanding for species pluralis, the Latin for multiple species
- Bstanding for species in a single form, the Latin for single species
- Cstanding for species reproduction, the Latin for creating of species
- Dstanding for species genes, the Latin for multiple genotypes
93Groups from the same ancestral population evolve into separate species without any geographical separation
- Aspeciation
- Btranslation
- Csympatric speciation
- Dsymbiotic separation
94_________ is the process by which new species form
- ASpecialization
- BSpeciation
- CMigration
- DTranslation
95Where was speciation found on Galapagos Island?
- AIn Finches
- BIn Fish
- CIn Turtles
- DIn Lizards
96 a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, alters biotic interactions or opens new environmental niches.
- ANatural selection
- BAdaptive radiation
- CRadiated genes
- DAlle frequencies
97The process whereby groups from the same common ancestor evolve and accumulate differences, resulting in the formation of new species.
- ASymbolic evolution
- BDiscovered evolution
- CDivergent evolution
- DRadiated evolution
98What creates the rate of speciation? (2)
- Anutrients
- Benvironmental conditions
- Cparents and offspring
- Dsize of food
- Epopulation size
99Three mechanisms of reproductive isolation?
- Amechanical
- Benvironment
- Cecological
- Dweather
- Egenes
- Fbehavioral
100mechanisms that prevent the formation of zygotes. these prevent mating
- Apostzygotic isolating mechanism
- Bprezygotic isolating mechanism
101mechanisms prevent the proper functioning of the zygote after it is formed. these occur after mating has occurred
- Apostzygotic isolating mechanism
- Bprezygotic isolating mechanism
102sp living in different areas can not mate, can include large separations (i.e. can not mate, can include large separations
- AGeographic isolation
- BReproductive isolation
- CSpecies isolation
- DRadical isolation
103Ecological isolation
- Aoccur in the same area, but live in different areas of the environment in different areas of the environment
- Bif an individual doesn't perform the proper courtship rituals, no mating takes place
- Cspecies reproduce in different seasons or at different times of the day
1042 species that could interbreed
- ABehavioral isolation
- BTemporal isolation
- CRising isolation
105elaborate courtship & mating ritual courtship & mating rituals
- ABehavioral isolation
- BTemporal isolation
- CEcological isolation
- DDepressed isolation
106a form of reproductive isolation that prevents two different species from interbreeding with one another.
- AEnvironment isolation
- BBehavioral isolation
- CMechanical isolation
- DRising isolation
107Prevention of gamete formation
- Asperm may function poorly in the reproductive tract
- Bthe egg can malfunction during reproduction
- Cthe females can become infertile early
- Dspecies can interbreed
108Even if hybrid matings happen & zygotes are produced, but they ____________
- Amay not function
- Bwill be successful
- Ccan double
- Dwill be bigger each time
109Reproductive Isolation leads to...
- Asmaller population separating
- Blarger population separating
- Cno population separating
- Dincrease in population growth
110___________ causes different appearances, habits, and parts in the same species
- AReproductive Isolation
- BEnvironmental Isolation
- CIncreasing Isolation
- DLively Isolation
111When did Darwin discover evolution?
- A1859
- B1850
- C1845
- D1835
112What are detritivores?
- AFeed off other organisms by either being inside them or on them.
- BHave sharp teeth in order to get through hard seeds or acorns.
- CConsume dead organic matter such as plant or animal parts that are in the process of decomposing.
- DFeeders can filter through water and consume food particles.
113What is carnassial?
- Athe large upper premolar and lower molar teeth of a carnivore adapted for shearing flesh.
- Bthe wide back teeth used to grind up tough plant tissue and seeds. These are only seen in herbivores.
- Cthe sharp tooth in the front of the mouth of a carnivore used to tear the meat off of the bone
- DFlat small tooth located in the back of the mouth the break open seeds and nuts
114Sharp, long teeth.
- ACarnivore
- BOmnivore
- CHerbivore
- DDetriovore
115Wide flat teeth in the back of their mouths
- Aherbivore
- Bomnivore
- Ccarnivore
- Ddetriovore
116a combination of broad flat teeth and long sharp teeth
- Aherbivore
- Bcarnivore
- Comnivore
- Ddetriovore
117species who can do no harm have evolved to show warning signs to predators.
- ALarcian mimicry
- BCrying mimicry
- CMullerian mimicry
- DBatsian mimicry
118Mullerian mimicry
- Athe reason for this being is for prey to show predators that they are toxic or can use something to hurt the predator.
- Bspecies who can do no harm have evolved to show warning signs to predators.
- Cthis is when prey who have similar predators and are also harmful to eat mimic each other's warning signs in order to benefit each other.
- DAnimals with shells or spikes on the outside of their bodies use their protective covering to protect themselves.
119What are the most common warning colors?
- Apink, green, orange, white
- Bwhite, red, orange, green
- Cyellow, black, white, red
- Dblack, yellow, purple, blue
120 a form of digestion that occurs in the foregut of some animals.
- ABackgut fermentation
- BForegut fermentation
- CLowgut fermantation
- DHindgut fermentation
121a digestive process is seen in monogastric herbivores, animals with a simple, single-chambered stomach.
- AHindgut fermentation
- BForegut fermentation
- CBackgut fermentation
- DLowgut fermentation
122Three types of snake venom
- AHemotoxic
- BPlasmatoxic
- CNervetoxic
- DNeurotoxic
- ECytotoxic
- FVeintoxic
123Allopatric Speciation
- APhysical isolation creates new spp
- BEcological isolation creates new spp
- CReproductive isolation creates new spp
- DLong isolation creates new spp
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- Quiz on BIO FINAL, created by Madison Nicole on 04/12/2020.
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- Madison Nicole
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