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1h[blank_start]igh[blank_end] birth rates, low parental care, tend to have lots of
young but few make it to adulthood; turtles- Ar-selected species
2low birth rate, high parental [blank_start]car[blank_end]e, many young make it
to adulthood; elephants- A*K-selected species
3one [blank_start]org[blank_end]anism is benefitted and the other is harmed
(example: heartworms and dogs)- Aparasitism (roundworms in a canine)
4b[blank_start]ot[blank_end]h organisms benefit (example: clownfish and sea
anemone)- Amutualism
5o[blank_start]n[blank_end]e organism is benefitted and the other isn't affected
(example: barnacles and whales)- Acommensalism (barnacles on a whale)
6Give an example of a keystone species. Why is this species important for the ecosystem in which it lives[blank_start]?[blank_end]
- AExplanation
7Organisms that feed on dead or decaying matter are called
- Aomnivores.
- Bdetritivores.
- Cherbivores.
- Dcarnivores.
8A group of similar ecosystems with the same abiotic factors and primary producers is a(n)
- Acommunity.
- Bpopulation.
- Cecosystem.
- Dbiome.
9Herbivores are which of the following?
- Asecondary consumers
- Bprimary consumers
- Cdecomposers
- Dproducers
10An example of pioneer species in ecological succession is
- Aa mature oak forest
- Bdecomposers that break up the soil so plants can grow
- Clichens and mosses
- Dshrubs and shade tolerant plants
11An example of primary ecological succession is
- Aplant species growing after a forest fire
- Bpioneer species inhabiting new land, such as on rock formed by a volcanic eruption
- Cplants growing in an abandoned field
- Dplant species growing after a hurricane or other natural disaster
12Dead zones are areas where
- Aoxygen concentration is high, and ocean life is harmed
- Boxygen concentration is low, and ocean life is harmed
- Coxygen concentration is low, and ocean life benefits
- Doxygen concentration is high, and ocean life benefits
13Decomposes are important in ecosystems because they
- Acovert light energy into sugar through photosynthesis
- Bmake nutrients available for producers to reuse
- Care at the highest level of the pyramid
- Dchange simple compounds into more complex ones
14Which of the following provides most of the energy in ecosystems?
- Aproducers
- Bgeneralists
- Ckeystone species
- Dcarnivores
15An example of a biotic factor in a forrest ecosystem is
- Aa cliff
- Ba tree
- Ca rock
- Dwaterfall
16Two male lions fight for the same female. What type of competition is this?
- Ainterspecific
- Bsymbiotic competition
- Cpredation
- Dintraspecific
17A community is
- Athe biotic part of a renewable resource
- Bthe abiotic part of an ecosystem
- Cthe biotic part of an ecosystem
- Dthe abiotic part of a renewable resource
18Nekton are___and benthos are___
- Aaquatic animals that crawl, aquatic organisms that swim
- Bdecomposers, fish and shrimp
- Cbacteria and algae, tiny animals that feed on nekton
- Daquatic animals that swim, aquatic organisms that crawl
19What are two processes by which autotrophs make food?
- Aphotosynthesis and respiration
- Bdecomposition and combustion
- Cchemosynthesis and photosynthesis
- Dchemosynthesis and decomposition
20Which of the following is true about secondary consumers in an ecosystem?
- Athey only eat producers
- Bthey only eat secondary consumers
- Cthey are fewer in number than primary consumers
- Dthey are eaten by primary consumers
21How have exotic species affected biodiversity?
- Athey have resulted in global climate change
- Bthey have resulted in the over-harvesting of fish, trees, and other organisms
- Cthey have resulted in the extinction of native species due to competition and disease.
- Dthey have resulted in more production of resources
22Why don't most parasites kill their host immediately?
- Athe parasites would no longer have a food supply if the host dies
- Bthe host is able to fight off the invading parasites
- Cthe host benefits by keeping the parasites alive
- Dthe parasites help the host before killing it.
23Which of the following is a nonrenewable resource?
- Acoal
- Bwind
- Cwater
- Dtrees
24Bacteria living on the roots of some plants convert nitrogen gas into a form the plant can use. The bacteria get food from the plant. What
type of relationship is this?- Acommensalism
- Bmutualism
- Cpredation
- Dparasitism
25Which organism is a secondary consumer in the following food chain: acorn -› squirrel -› snake -› mongoose?
- Aacorn
- Bsnake
- Cmongoose
- Dsquirrel
26water storage within rock deep underground
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
27water that falls in some form from the atmosphere
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
28water that runs along the surface of the earth
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
29water vapor released by plants
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
30liquid is converted to gas
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
31solid is converted to gas
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
32gas is converted into liquid
- Aaquifer
- Bsublimation
- Crunoff
- Dtranspiration
- Econdensation
- Fprecipitation
- Gevaporation
33Which of the following is considered to be an abiotic factor?
- Aanimals
- Bsoil
- Calgae
- Dplants
34Which phrase best describes biodiversity?
- Athe number of species in an ecosystem
- Bthe amount of biomass in an ecosystem
- Cthe amount of available energy in an ecosystem
- Dthe number of individuals in an ecosystem
35Almost all photoautotrophs get their energy from
- Adecaying matter
- Bsunlight
- Cproducers
- Dchemicals
36Which of the following best explains why there are seldom more than five trophic levels in a food chain?
- Athe ecosystem contains too much biomass
- Benergy is lost at each trophic level
- Ctrophic levels above this number have too many individuals
- Dmost carnivores cannot function at higher trophic levels
37What do all the biotic and abiotic factors in a given area make up?
- Aa habitat
- Ba community
- Can ecosystem
- Da population
38In the Carbon Cycle,
- Acarbon cycles quickly through making sedimentary rock.
- Bcarbon cycles only to the ocean.
- Ccarbon cycles only at night.
- Dcarbon cycles quickly between organisms and the atmosphere.
39List two of the four forces that drive evolution[blank_start].[blank_end]
- AMutation, gene flow genetic drift
40Which statement best describes allopatric speciation?
- Aspeciation that occurs without geographic separation
- Bspeciation that occurs without reproductive separation
- Cspeciation that occurs when populations use resources differently
- Dspeciation that occurs when some members of a species become geographically separated from the rest of the species
41The best definition of a species is
- Aa group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
- Ba group of organisms that can breed and produce infertile offspring
- Ca group of organisms that can breed together
- Da group of organisms that look and act similar
42Darwin's finches evolved many new species to fill available niches. This is an example of
- Ageologic change.
- Badaptive radiation.
- Cartificial selection.
- Dacquired inheritance.
43How do artificial selection and natural selection differ?
- Ain natural selection, the environment acts as the selecting agent
- Bin artificial selection, the environment acts as the selecting agent
- Cin natural selection, humans act as the selecting agent
- Din natural selection, traits that are useful to humans are inherited
44Choose an example of a vestigial structure.
- Ahuman tailbone
- Banteater's snout
- Ccat forelimb
- Dkangaroo pouch
45The evolution of hummingbirds' beaks and plants with deep tubes in their flowers is an example of
- Aconvergence.
- Bradiation.
- Cspeciation.
- Dcoevolution.
46A river has cut a deep canyon that has separated a population of rodents into two groups. This separation is an example of what type of isolation?
- Ageographic
- Bfounder
- Ctemporal
- Dbehavioral
47Which of the following is the force of evolution shown by the camouflage coloration in peppered moths?
- Anatural selection
- Bsexual selection
- Cgenetic drift
- Dgene flow
48An increase in the beak size of a bird species is an example of directional selection, which
- Aoccurs when one of the two extreme phenotypes is selected for.
- Boccurs when phenotypes at both extremes of the distribution are selected against.
- Coccurs when the two extreme phenotypes are selected for.
- Doccurs when phenotypes in the middle of the range are selected against.
49A structure that is similar in related organisms because it was inherited from a common ancestor is
- Aanalogous structure
- Bradiating structure
- Chomologous structure
- Dvestigial structure
50Use the example of peppered moths to explain the process of natural selection[blank_start].[blank_end]
- A.
51Give two examples of artificial selection[blank_start].[blank_end]
- A.
52Ellis-van Crevald syndrome in Amish populations
- Afounder effect
- Bhomologous structures
- Cadaptive radiation
- Dbiogeography
- Eanalogous structures
- Fbottleneck effect
- Gsexual dimorphism
53bones in limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats
- Afounder effect
- Bhomologous structures
- Cadaptive radiation
- Dbiogeography
- Ebottleneck effect
- Fanalogous structures
- Gsexual dimorphism
54finches on Galapagos Islands
- Aadaptive radiation
- Bbiogeography
- Chomologous structures
- Dfounder effect
- Eanalogous structures
- Fbottleneck effect
- Gsexual dimorphism
55members of camel family in S. America, Asia, and
Africa- Afounder effect
- Bhomologous structures
- Cadaptive radiation
- Dbiogeography
- Eanalogous structures
- Fbottleneck effect
- Gsexual dimorphism
56wings in bats, birds, and butterflies
- Afounder effect
- Bhomologous structures
- Cadaptive radiation
- Dbiogeography
- Eanalogous structures
- Fbottleneck effect
- Gsexual dimorphism
57loss of genetic diversity in cheetah populations
- Afounder effect
- Bhomologous structures
- Cadaptive radiation
- Dbiogeography
- Eanalogous structures
- Fbottleneck effect
- Gsexual dimorphism
58differences in feather color in birds
- Afounder effect
- Bhomologous structures
- Cadaptive radiation
- Dbiogeography
- Eanalogous structures
- Fbottleneck effect
- Gsexual dimorphism
59when both extremes of a range are favored (example:
feather color in cardinals)- Adisruptive
- Bstabilizing
- Cdirectional
60when the middle of the range has a higher chance of
survival (example: human birth weights)- Adisruptive
- Bstabilizing
- Cdirectional
61when one extreme of a range is favored (example:
beak size in Darwin's finches)- Adisruptive
- Bstabilizing
- Cdirectional
62Contrast micro- and macroevolution[blank_start].[blank_end]
- A.
63Contrast the two models of evolution: gradualism and punctuated equilibrium[blank_start].[blank_end]
- A.
64The movement of new genes into a population as a result of migration is
- Afounder effect.
- Bbottleneck effect.
- Cgene flow.
- Dselection.
65What term describes a feature that allows an organism to better survive in its environment?
- Amutation
- Bspecies
- Cvariation
- Dadaptation
66A tsunami has destroyed almost all of the palm trees in an area. This event will most likely lead to
- Agene flow following disruptive selection.
- Bmicroevolution by reproductive isolation.
- Cgenetic drift through the bottleneck effect.
- Dgenetic drift through the founder effect.
67Which is a type of selection for a trait in which phenotypes in the middle of the
range are selected against, resulting in overlapping phenotypes at the extremes of the range?- Adirectional selection
- Bdisruptive selection
- Ctemporal selection
- Dstabilizing selection
68A population of squirrels that contains a wide range of phenotypes has a
- Asmall amount of genetic variation.
- Blarge amount of genetic variation.
- Cpoor chance of surviving habitat change.
- Ddecreased chance of frequent gene flow.
69Mutations in the DNA of genes that can be passed on to offspring
- Aare more likely with genetic drift.
- Bresult in increased genetic variation.
- Cdo not occur randomly during evolution.
- Dare always harmful to the offspring.
70The combined alleles of all the individuals in a population is called the
- Aphenotype.
- Ballele frequency.
- Cmutation rate.
- Dgene pool.
71Which statement is correct?
- APopulations do not evolve, but individuals do evolve.
- BIndividuals do not evolve, but populations do evolve.
72Natural selection states that
- Aevolution occurs within individuals, not populations
- Bnature selects the variations within a species that are less useful for survival
- Cfitness is an organism's ability to survive without producing fertile offspring
- Dnature selects the variations within a species that are most useful for survival
73What can be learned about evolution from DNA sequences?
- ADNA sequencing reveals which structures are homologous
- Bsimilar DNA sequences in two organisms indicates that one organism evolved from the other
- Cthe more similar the sequences are, the more closely related the organisms are
- Dtwo DNA sequences that are very different indicate that few mutations have occurred
74Coevolution is a process in which species
- Abecome extinct and are lost permanently.
- Bevolve similar characteristics in different habitats.
- Cbecome increasingly different from each other.
- Devolve in response to changes in each other.
75beak size increase in Darwin's finches
- Adirectional selection
- Bdisruptive selection
- Cstabilizing selection
76sexual dimorphism in cardinals
- Adirectional selection
- Bdisruptive selection
- Cstabilizing selection
77human birth weight
- Adirectional selection
- Bdisruptive selection
- Cstabilizing selection
78Ellis-van Crevald syndrome in Amish populations is an example of
- Abottleneck effect.
- Bfounder effect.
- Cspeciation.
- Dmacroevolution.
79AA
- Atype A
- Btype AB
- Ctype B
- Dtype O
80AB
- Atype A
- Btype AB
- Ctype B
- Dtype O
81Bi
- Atype A
- Btype AB
- Ctype B
- Dtype O
82ii
- Atype A
- Btype AB
- Ctype B
- Dtype O
83What branch of science is the study of living things from long ago?
- Apaleontology
- Bmolecular biology
- Cecology
- Dgenetics
84considered the father of evolution; wrote On the Origin
of Species- ADarwin
- BWallace
85traveled to the Amazon and Southeast Asia; collected
many organisms; naturalist who contributed to the
theory of evolution- ADarwin
- BWallace
86What is artificial selection? Give an exampl[blank_start]e.[blank_end]
- Ae.
87structures that no longer have a function
- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
88similar structures in unrelated organisms (ex. wings in
birds, bats, and butterflies)- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
89similar structures in related organisms
- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
90In vertebrates, this stage of development shows
similarities, such as tails and gill slits.- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
91Example: Camel ancestors traveled to different areas
on earth, developing different characteristics.- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
92a species evolves into many new species to fill
available niches (example: Darwin's finches)- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
93the study of the similarities and differences in the
structures of different species- Avestigial
- Banalogous
- Chomologous
- Dembryonic
- Ebiogeography
- Fadaptive radiation
- Gcomparative anatomy
94Give two examples of how the environment can affect phenotyp[blank_start]e.[blank_end]
- Ae.
95A female is born with attached earlobes, which is a recessive trait. Which of the following genotypes could her parents have?
- ARr and rr
- BRR and rr
- CRr and RR
- DRR and RR
96Suppose a person is a carrier for a genetic disorder. Which of the following phrases about this person is true?
- Acannot pass the disorder to sons, just daughters
- Bdoes not have the disorder but can pass it on
- Cthe allele is not passed on due to Y chromosome inactivation
- Dwill develop the disorder only late in life
97Linked genes
- Aare on non-homologous chromosomes
- Bare on the same chromosome
- Care on homologous chromosomes
- Dare on sister chromatids
98Someone who is heterozygous for a recessive allele that causes a disorder
- Awill get the disorder late in life
- Bis not a carrier of the disorder.
- Cwill not have the disorder.
- Dcannot have offspring with the disorder.
99Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the interaction of several genes, making it a(n)
- Aautosomal trait.
- Bsex-linked trait.
- Cpolygenic trait.
- Dcodominant trait.
100Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive trait. On your own paper, draw a Punnett square showing a cross between a man with hemophilia and a
woman who is normal (homozygous dominant). What are the phenotypes of the offspring?- Ano sons have hemophilia
- B1 son has hemophilia
- Call children have hemophilia
- D1 daughter has hemophilia
101How are the X and Y chromosomes different?
- AThe X chromosome has genes for development of male offspring.
- BThe Y chromosome is larger than the X chromosome.
- CThe Y chromosome has many more genes than the X chromosome.
- DThe X chromosome has many genes that affect traits.
102An XX female will express a recessive sex-linked trait if she
- Afully expresses her Y chromosome.
- Bis homozygous for the recessive allele.
- Chas several codominant alleles for the gene.
- Dcarries the allele on an epistatic gene.
103Down syndrome is due to
- Anondisjunction of chromosome 21.
- Bnondisjunction of the Y chromosome.
- Cnondisjunction of the X chromosome.
- Done Y chromosome and two or more X chromosomes.
104Suppose a person is homozygous recessive for a recessive genetic disorder. This genotype means that the person
- Ahas the genetic disorder.
- Bcannot pass on the gene.
- Cis healthy and is not a carrier.
- Dis a carrier for the disorder.
105Suppose the cross-over percentages for three gene pairs are: A to B = 9.5%, B to C = 14.5%, and A to C = 5%. Which of the following
sequences could represent the order of these genes on a chromosome?- ACAB
- BACB
- CCBA
- DABC
106Sex-linked disorders appear more often in males because
- Amales are more likely to be carriers of a trait.
- Bmales only possess one X chromosome.
- Cthe Y chromosome contains the SRY gene
- Dthe Y chromosome affects phenotype more strongly.
107Down syndrome is characterized by having an extra copy of at least a portion of chromosome 21. Which of the following methods
would quickly identify the disorder in an individual?- Apedigree chart
- Blinkage map
- Ckaryotype
- Dmeiosis map
108Identical twins who are raised apart can have differences that last a lifetime. This is evidence that
- Agenotype can change over time.
- Bphenotype differences happen through epistatic genes.
- Ccodominance affects genotype.
- Denvironment and genotype interact to affect phenotype.
109A missense mutation
- Aresults in a premature stop codon
- Bcodes for a different amino acid
- Cresults in a frameshift mutation
- Dcodes for the same amino acid
110During DNA replication, DNA
- Aserves as only a template
- Bis only responsible for the "unzipping" of the double helix
- CIs responsible for correcting any errors that might occur during replication
- Dall of the above
111What process occurs before the other?
- ATranscription and then replication
- BTranscription and then translation
- CTranslation and then transcription
- DTranslation and then replication
112When a single gene affects more than one trait
(example: sickle cell anemia)- APleiotropy
- BGenetic Trait
- CMultiple allele trait
- DEpistasis
- ELinked genes
113Characteristics that are encoded in DNA
- APleiotropy
- BGenetic Trait
- CMultiple allele trait
- DEpistasis
- ELinked genes
114Trait controlled by one gene with more than two alleles
(example: blood typing)- APleiotropy
- BGenetic Trait
- CMultiple allele trait
- DEpistasis
- ELinked genes
115One gene affects the expression of another gene
(example: the gene for albinism)- APleiotropy
- BGenetic Trait
- CMultiple allele trait
- DEpistasis
- ELinked genes
116A gene is a
- Aa section of DNA that codes for a protein
- Ba chromosome carrier
- Ca regulatory sequence
- Dan intron
117Each nucleotide in DNA is made up of a
- Aphosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogen-containing base
- Bamino acid polypeptide group, and a nitrogen-containing base
- Cnitrogen group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate-containing base
- Dphosphate group, a ribonucleic sugar, & a nitrogen-containing base
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- Quiz on Untitled, created by Dalyn Nguyen on 22/05/2023.
- Author
- Dalyn Nguyen
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