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Quiz by Leon Schwarze, updated 3 months ago
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Question 1
Question
1. In hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma we can usually find:
Answer
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a) Prominent dehydration, very high plasma glucose, moderate acidosis
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b) Prominent dehydration, very high plasma glucose, hyperventilation
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c) Variable glucose level, variable dehydration
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d) Prominent dehydration, very high plasma glucose
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e) High glucose level, severe acidosis, prominent dehydration
Question 2
Question
2. Impaired fasting glycemia is when the fasting plasma glucose level is:
Answer
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a) 6.0-6.9 mmol/L
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b) 6.9-7.2 mmol/L
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c) 7.2-7.4 mmol/L
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d) 5.0-5.6 mmol/L
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e) 5.0-6.0 mmol/L
Question 3
Question
3. IGT can be diagnosed based on:
Answer
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a) Fasting blood glucose, glycosuria
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b) OGTT
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c) Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose
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d) Random glucose level, glycosuria
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e) Fasting plasma glucose level, random glucose level, glycosuria
Question 4
Question
4. What may be required to diagnose DM:
Answer
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a) Fasting plasma glucose level, random glucose level, glycosuria
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b) Random glucose level, glycosuria
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c) Fasting plasma glucose level, ketonuria
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d) Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose
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e) OGTT, ketonuria
Question 5
Question
5. Which fasting blood glucose is diagnostic of diabetes:
Answer
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a) >6.0 mmol/L
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b) >6.5mmol/L
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c) >7.0 mmol/L
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d) >7.4 mmol/L
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e) >7.2mmol/L
Question 6
Question
Whipple´s triad - Choose correct statement
Answer
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Symptoms of hypoglycemia, lab evidence of hypoglycemia and symptoms are relieved by administration of glucose, low plasma glucose concentration
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idk
Question 7
Question
2-hours post load cut point(plasma) in impaired glucose intolerance is(mmol/l): - Choose correct
Answer
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7
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7.8
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6
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6.8
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11.1
Question 8
Question
Reaction in hypoglycemia - Choose correct statement
Answer
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Suppression of insulin, and decrease of catecholamines
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Increase in glucagon and cortisol, decrease of growth hormone
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Increase of insulin secretion
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Increase in glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone
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Increase in insulin and catecholamines secretion
Question 9
Question
Lactic acidosis in diabetic decompensation - Choose correct statement
Answer
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Due to hypoxia, and high anion gap
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Normal anion gap
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Due to extreme metabolic acidosis (>300nmol), high anion gap
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Extreme metabolic acidosis, due to impaired lactate metabolism in liver
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Absent, low or high ketones
Question 10
Question
Diabetic ketoacidosis - Choose false
Answer
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You should do arterial blood gas sample
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Creatinine can be falsely measured due to elevated levels of ketone bodies interfering
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Higher plasma glucose than hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma
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Amylase activity is increased
Question 11
Question
What is FALSE about diagnosis in monitoring diabetes mellitus?
Answer
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Is diagnosed by plasma glucose level
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Glycosuria is required for diagnosis
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Fasting blood glucose test is the diagnostic test of diabetes
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Glycosylated hemoglobin is used for monitoring
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Glycosylated hemoglobin for diagnosis if controversible
Question 12
Question
Cut off level for fasting glucose diabetes in mmol/L:
Answer
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11,1
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6,5
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7
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6
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7,8
Question 13
Question
False about diabetic nephropathy:
Answer
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Lead to renal failure - true
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Hyperfiltration occurs in early stage-true
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Is a late complication in DM-true
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Microalbuminuria occurs in late stage - (early)
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Increased proteinuria occurs in late stage
Question 14
Question
False about DM type2 :
Answer
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Patients are symptomatic from the beginning
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Ketosis can develop during stress
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Onset age > 40
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Impaired insulin resistance and insulin
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Obesity and physical activity are environmental factors
Question 15
Question
Insulin antagonists:
Answer
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Thyroid hormones
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Glucagon, glucocorticoids, adrenaline, and growth hormones
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Estrogen
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Aldosterone, thyroid
Question 16
Question
Neuropathy may become evident as:
Answer
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Foot ulcers, neurogenic bladder, diarrhea, kidney hyperperfunction
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Foot ulcers, neurogenic bladder, diarrhea, postural hypotension
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Foot ulcers, maculopathy, diarrhea, postural hypotension
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Foot ulcers, maculopathy, diarrhea, kidney hyperfunction
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Foot ulcers, coronary heart disease, diarrhea, postural hypotension
Question 17
Question
Symptomatic hypoglycemia occurs at the fasting glucose level (mmol/L) below:
Answer
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7,8
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7
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6,9
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3,9
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2
Question 18
Question
Fasting hypoglycemia may result from all of the following except:
Answer
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Addison´s disease
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Glucagonoma
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Sepsis
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Liver failure
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Renal disease
Question 19
Question
Which findings are suggestive of insulinoma?
Answer
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Hypoglycemia, low C-peptide, weight loss
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Hypoglycemia, high C-peptide, weight gain
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Hypoglycemia, low C-peptide, weight gain
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Hypoglycemia, high insulin, low C-peptide, weight gain
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Hypoglycemia, low insulin, high C-peptide, weight gain
Question 20
Question
Reactive hypoglycemia results from:
Answer
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Insulinoma, sepsis, treatment with beta-blockers
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Malignancy, Addison’s disease, sepsis
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Treatment with sulphonylurea, alcohol, dumping syndrome
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Liver disease, renal disease, insulinoma
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Insulin administration (inappropriate), Addison’s disease
Question 21
Question
What is false about DKA:
Answer
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Arise from variety of metabolic problems caused by insulin deficiency
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Treatment includes fluids, insulin, potassium
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Close clinical and biochemical monitoring is necessary
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Sodium bicarbonate is not necessary in every case
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Is as common as HONK and lactic acidosis
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