Quiz
PSL201Y1 2015 Term Test
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Questions in this quiz (113)
1Hydrophilic Hormones:
- AAre water loving
- BAre water hating
- CCan cross plasma membrane
- DCan not cross plasma membrane
- ENot water soluble
- FCan dissolve in plasma
- GFat loving
- HFat hating
- IEx: Peptide, protein, Catecholamines
- JEx: Steroids, thyroid hormones
2Hydrophobic Hormones:
- ACan Cross Plasma membrane
- BCan not cross plasma membrane
- CWater hating
- DWater loving
- ENot water soluble
- FDoes not dissolve in plasma
- GEx: peptide, protein, catecholamines
- HFat hating
- IFat loving
- JEx: Steroid, thyroid Hormones
3Hydrophilic hormones bind to Intracellular receptors
- ATrue
- BFalse
4Intracellular receptors directly alter gene transcription.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Hydrophilic hormones bind to membrane-bound receptors.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6It is possible that hydrophobic messengers can bind on to membrane-bound receptors.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7Intracellular receptors generate [blank_start]slow[blank_end] responses and membrane-bound receptors generate [blank_start]rapid[blank_end] responses.
- Aslow
- Brapid
8Membrane-bound receptors can not act on ion channels, but can alter enzyme activity.
- ATrue
- BFalse
9Label.
- APosterior Pituitary
- BAnterior Pituitary
- Chypothalamus
- Dinfundibulum
10Label
- ASupraoptic Nucleus
- BParaventricular Nucleus
- CInflow of Blood
- DOutflow of Blood
- EPosterior Pituitary
- FInflow of blood
- GOutflow of blood
- HMedian Eminence
- IPortal vein
- JAnterior Pituitary
- KNeurosecretory cells
- LCapillary bed
11Hormones released from the [blank_start]Anterior[blank_end] Pituitary are synthesized and secreted by cells in the [blank_start]Anterior[blank_end] Pituitary.
- AAnterior
- BAnterior
12Neurosecretory cells project into [blank_start]posterior pituitary[blank_end], release hormones into [blank_start]bloodstream[blank_end]. Hormones are produced in the [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end].
- Aposterior pituitary
- Bbloodstream
- Chypothalamus
13Anterior Pituitary Hormones:
- AGH
- BFSH
- CLH
- DACTH
- ETSH
- FPRL
- GOxytocin
- HADH
- ITH
14Posterior Pituitary Hormones:
- AGH
- BFSH
- CLH
- DACTH
- ETSH
- FPRL
- GOxytocin
- HADH
15Re absorption is:
- Athe process of absorbing again
- Bthe process of absorbing
- Cthe process of losing substance
16Functions of ADH:
- AUrine output
- BRegulate blood pressure
- Cincrease water re absorption in kidneys
- Dconserve body water
17Alcohol and diuretics inhibit ADH.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18ADH is produced in [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end] and released from [blank_start]anterior[blank_end] pituitary.
- Ahypothalamus
- Banterior pituitary
- CPosterior pituitary
- Danterior
- Eposterior
19Oxytocin is synthesized in the [blank_start]hypothalamus[blank_end] and released in the [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] pituitary. Oxytocin stimulates [blank_start]contraction[blank_end] of uterine muscles for [blank_start]labour and ejection of milk[blank_end].
- Ahypothalamus
- Banterior pituitary
- Cposterior pituitary
- Dposterior
- Eanterior
- Fcontraction
- Grelaxation
- Hrelease
- Itightening
- Jlabour and ejection of milk
- Kpeeing and ejection of milk
- Lpeeing and ejection of urine
20Growth Hormone:
- Apromotes liner growth
- Bincreases proliferation
- Cincreases protein synthesis
21Growth Hormones metabolic actions supporting growth:
- Ainhibit glucose uptake into adipose tissue and skeletal muscle
- Bstimulate lipolysis in adipose tissue
- Cstimulate glyconeogenesis in liver
- Dincreased uptake of amino acids into cells
- Eincrease oxygen consumption
- Fpromote increased energy mobilization when in excess
22Label.
- Amarrow cavity
- Bepiphysis
- Cshaft
- Depiphysis
- Eepiphyseal plate
23Epiphyseal plate is the site of growth for increases in length of bone.
- ATrue
- BFalse
24The epiphyseal plate is made of cartilage.
- ATrue
- BFalse
25When does plate closure occur?
- Alate puberty
- Bat birth
26Epiphyseal plates are not affected by sex hormones.
- ATrue
- BFalse
27Chondrocytes:
- Adivide, produce cartilage, then degenerate
- Bdeposit osteoid, which becomes calcified
- Cdeposition of calcium phosphate crystals onto osteiods
28Osteoblasts:
- Adivide, produce cartilage, then degenerate
- Bdeposit osteoid, which becomes calcified
- Cdeposition of calcium phosphate crystals onto osteoid
29Calcification:
- Adivide, produce cartilage, then degenerate
- Bdeposit osteoid, which becomes calcified
- Cdeposition of calcium phosphate crystals onto osteoid
30Bone Deposition = Bone [blank_start]making[blank_end]
Bone Resorption = Bone [blank_start]breaking[blank_end] (this is important for calcium homeostasis.- Amaking
- Bbreaking
- Cbreaking
- Dmaking
31What hormones are produced in thyroid gland?
- AT3
- BT4
- Ccalcitonin
- Dglucagon
- Ecalcitriol
32Label
number 2: the entire cell is called....
- Afollicle
- Bcolloid
- Cfollicular cell
- Dc cells
33What does colloid cells contain?
- Athyroglobulin
- Benzymes
- Ciodide
- Dall of them
34Thyroglobulin is:
- Aa protein that contains tyrosine residues and are produced by follicular cells
- Btransported by follicular cells from blood
35Enzymes are:
- Aproduced by follicular cells
- Btransported by follicular cells from blood
36Iodide is transported by follicular cells from blood.
- ATrue
- BFalse
37Iodide is not obtained from diet.
- ATrue
- BFalse
38T3 and T4 are lipophilic.
- ATrue
- BFalse
39T4 is more abundantly produced
- ATrue
- BFalse
40T4 secretion is lower than T3
- ATrue
- BFalse
41T3 is more potent than T4
- ATrue
- BFalse
42T4 has a stronger negative feedback than T3
- ATrue
- BFalse
43Thyroid Hormones Functions:
Metabolic: [blank_start]increase[blank_end] oxygen consumption, promote increase energy mobilization when in excess and [blank_start]energy storage[blank_end] when deficient
[blank_start]Cardiovascular[blank_end]: maintain responsiveness to sympathetic input
[blank_start]Growth[blank_end]
Nervous System: essential for normal [blank_start]brain[blank_end] function in adults- Aincrease
- Bdecrease
- Cenergy storage
- Denergy release
- ECardiovascular
- FGI
- GGrowth
- HRegulation
- Ibrain
- Jstomach
- Kendocrine
44What are thyroid hormone disorders?
- Ahyperthyroidism
- Bhypothyroidism
- Ciodine deficiency
- Dall three
45What is hyperthyroidism, what is an example, and how is it treated?
- Aexcess thyroid hormone, graves disease, removal of thyroid gland
- Bexcess thyroid hormone, cretinism, removal of thyroid gland
- Cunder active thyroid, graves disease, exogenous thyroid hormone T4
- Dexcess thyroid hormone, stunted growth, removal of thyroid gland
46What is hypothyroidism, what is an example, and how is it treated?
- Aunder active thyroid, cretinism, exogenous thyroid hormone T4
- Bunder active thyroid, graves disease, removal of thyroid gland
- Ciodine deficiency, cretinism, exogenous thyroid hormone T4
47What is iodine deficiency?
- Awhen there is no T3 or T4 produced
- Bwhen there is too much T3 and T4 produced
- Cwhen there is no T3 production
- Dwhen there is no T4 production
48Adrenal Gland = In [blank_start]Kidneys[blank_end]
Zona glomerulosa produces [blank_start]mineralocorticoids[blank_end] (e.g. [blank_start]aldosterone[blank_end])
Zona fasciculata produces [blank_start]glucocorticoids[blank_end] (e.g. [blank_start]cortisol[blank_end] and [blank_start]androgens[blank_end])
Adrenal Medulla produces [blank_start]catecholamines[blank_end] (e.g. [blank_start]epinephrine[blank_end] or [blank_start]dopamine[blank_end])- AKidneys
- Bmineralocorticoids
- Caldosterone
- Dglucocorticoids
- Ecortisol
- Fandrogens
- Gcatecholamines
- Hepinephrine
- Idopamine
49Synthesis of Hormones in Adrenal Cortex:
Where are adrenocorticoids derived? And are they hydrophilic or hydrophobic?- ADerived from cholesterol, hydrophobic
- BDerived from cholesterol, hydrophilic
- CDerived from steroids, hydrophobic
- DDerived from steroids, hydrophilic
50Cushing's Syndrome is the hyposecretion of cortisol.
- ATrue
- BFalse
51Addison's disease is hyposecretion of adrenal steroids.
- ATrue
- BFalse
52Aldosterone's action at kidneys are an increase of sodium reabsoption and an increase in potassium secretion.
- ATrue
- BFalse
53Aldosterone is stimulated by:
- Aa decrease in [Na+] and high [K+] plasma
- Bangiotensin II (RAAS Pathway)
54What is RAAS pathway?
- Aproduced by liver binds with renin in bloodstream, binds with ACE, and through adrenal cortex
- BProduced by pancreas, binds with g protein coupled receptor, travels to adrenal cortex through bloodstream
55Is Cortisol Hydrophobic or Hydrophilic?
- Ahydrophobic
- Bhydrophilic
56Cortisol regulates body's response to [blank_start]stress[blank_end] and regulates [blank_start]metabolism[blank_end].
- Astress
- Bmetabolism
57What hormones are in the adrenal medulla?
- Acatecholamines
- Bgrowth hormone
- Cthyroid hormone
- Dcalcitriol
58Which of the following are catecholamines?
- Adopamine
- Bepinephrine
- Cnorepinephrine
- Dtyrosine
- EL-dopa
59Epinephrine is hydrophilic.
- ATrue
- BFalse
60Epinephrine is a amine messenger
- ATrue
- BFalse
61Epinephrine is derived from cholesterol.
- ATrue
- BFalse
62Epinephrine stimulus is:
- Afight or flight response
- Bcontraction of uterine muscles
- Cregulation of sodium and potassium
63Actions of Epinephrine Hormone:
- Apromotes energy mobilization
- Bincrease heart rate
- Cdecrease heart rate
64What promotes bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, and vasodilation?
- Aepi-pen
- Basthma
- Cexercise
- Deating a healthy meal
65What are the functions of calcium in body?
- Avesicle release
- Bmuscle contraction
- Cincrease contractility of heart
- Dstructural in bone and teeth
- Eblood clotting
- Fmuscle relaxation
- Ghormone synthesis
- Hbronchodilation
66When plasma calcium is high, calcium deposited into bone and excreted.
- ATrue
- BFalse
67When plasma calcium is low, calcium is liberated through bone resorption.
- ATrue
- BFalse
68[blank_start]Osteoblasts[blank_end] = bone makers
[blank_start]Osteoclasts[blank_end] = bone breakers- AOsteoblasts
- BOsteoclasts
69Which of the following are involved in the hormonal regulation of calcium balance?
- APTH
- BCalcitriol
- CCalcitonin
- DAldosterone
- ECorticosterone
70Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is hydrophobic.
- ATrue
- BFalse
71Parathyroid Hormone is a peptide hormone.
- ATrue
- BFalse
72Which hormone(s) increase plasma calcium?
- APTH
- BCalcitriol
- CCalcitonin
73Parathyroid Hormone targets the [blank_start]kidneys[blank_end] and [blank_start]bone[blank_end] (stimulates [blank_start]osteoclasts[blank_end])
- Akidneys
- Bbone
- Costeoclasts
74Which of the following are true about Calcitriol?
- Aalso known as (1,25-(OH) D3)
- Ba steroid hormone
- Chydrophilic
- Dsynthesized from vitamin D3
- Eincreases plasma calcium
- Fstimulated by PTH
- Gstimulated by increase in plasma calcium concentration
- Htargets the digestive tract and kidneys
- Isecreted from c cells of thyroid gland
- Jpeptide hormone
75Which of the following are true from Calcitonin?
- Apeptide hormone
- Bhydrophilic
- Csecreted from c cells
- Ddecreases plasma calcium
- Eincrease plasma calcium
- Fstimulated by an increase in plasma calcium
- Gstimulated by a decrease in plasma calcium
- Hsteroid hormone
76Calcitonin decreases bone deposition and stimulates bone resorption.
- ATrue
- BFalse
77What action does Calcitonin have on the kidneys?
- Ainhibits calcium reabsorption and increases urinary excretion
- Bstimulates calcium reabsorption and decreases urinary excretion
- Cinhibits calcium reabsorption and decreases urinary excretion
- Dstimulates calcium reabsorption and increases urinary excretion
78What can cause osteoporosis?
- Aaging
- Black of estrogen (menopause)
- Cinheritance
- Dlack of physical activity
- Eincreased pressure
- Fobesity
- Gsmoking
- Hexcessive alcohol use
- Iradiation
- Jhigh iron levels
79What is driven by storage of nutrients and breakdown of stored nutrients between meals and maintaining blood glucose levels?
- Ametabolism
- Bhomoestasis
- Canabolic pathways
- Dcatabolic pathways
80Glucose is the only fuel for brain use.
- ATrue
- BFalse
81Metabolic Pathways:
Anabolic = [blank_start]synthesis[blank_end]
Catabolic = [blank_start]breakdown[blank_end]- Asynthesis
- Bbreakdown
82Carbohydrates:
Form absorbed across GI tract and circulating blood = [blank_start]glucose[blank_end]
form stored = [blank_start]glycogen[blank_end]
storage site = [blank_start]liver and skeletal muscle[blank_end]
percentage of total energy stored = [blank_start]1%[blank_end]- Aglucose
- Bamino acid
- Ccarbohydrate
- Dglycogen
- Eliver and skeletal muscle
- Fliver and kidneys
- Gskeletal muscle
- Hliver
- I1%
- J22%
- K77%
83Proteins:
Form absorbed in GI tract = [blank_start]amino acids and some small peptides[blank_end]
form circulating blood = [blank_start]amino acids[blank_end]
form stored = [blank_start]proteins[blank_end]
storage site = [blank_start]skeletal muscle[blank_end]
percentage of total energy stored = [blank_start]22%[blank_end]- Aamino acids and some small peptides
- Bamino acids and proteins
- Cpeptides
- Damino acids
- Eproteins
- Fskeletal muscle
- Gliver
- Hkidneys
- I22%
- J1%
- K77%
84Lipids:
Form absorbed across GI tract = [blank_start]monoglycerides and fatty acids[blank_end]
form circulating blood = [blank_start]free fatty acids, lipoproteins[blank_end]
form stored = [blank_start]triglycerides[blank_end]
storage site = [blank_start]adipose tissue[blank_end]
% of total energy stored = [blank_start]77%[blank_end]- Amonoglycerides and fatty acids
- Bmonoglycerides
- Cfatty acids
- Dfree fatty acids, lipoproteins
- Etriglycerides
- Fadipose tissue
- Gkidneys
- Hskeletal muscle
- I77%
- J22%
- K1%
85Absorptive State:
- Aafter meal
- Banabolic pathways
- Cnutrients in bloodstream increase for absorption
- Dglucose serves as primary fuel
- Eenergy input > output
- Fbetween meals
- Gcatabolic pathways
- Hmaintain plasma glucose levels
- Iexpenditure > intake
86Postabsorptive state:
- Abetween meals
- Bcatabolic pathways
- Cmaintain plasma glucose levels
- Denergy stores must be mobilized
- Eexpenditure > intake
- Fanabolic pathways
- Gnutrients in bloodstream increase for absorption
87Insulin is a peptide hormone
- ATrue
- BFalse
88What are pancreatic hormones produced by?
- Aendocrine cells
- Bpancreatic cells
- Cthyroid gland
89What are features of insulin?
- Asecreted by beta cells
- Bsecretion is increased during absorptive state
- Csecretion is decreased during postabsorptive state
- Dpromotes synthesis of energy storage molecules
- Eis an anabolic hormone
- Fincrease in plasma glucose
- Gincrease of amino acids in plasma
90What is the features of Glucagon?
- Apeptide hormone
- Bsteroid hormone
- Csecreted by pancreatic alpha cells
- Dsecreted by pancreatic beta cells
- Epromotes the breakdown of energy storage molecules
- Fpromotes processes of postabsorptive state
- Gdecreases plasma glucose
- Hincrease in amino acids in plasma
- Imobilization of energy stores and synthesis of new energy sources
91Diabetes Mellitus two key features are high blood glucose levels when uncontrolled and relative insulin deficiency.
- ATrue
- BFalse
92Hypotonic = [blank_start]swell[blank_end]
Hypertonic = [blank_start]shrink[blank_end]
iso-osmotic = contain [blank_start]penetrating[blank_end] and [blank_start]non perpetrating[blank_end] solutes
Isotonic = no [blank_start]shrink[blank_end], no [blank_start]swell[blank_end]- Aswell
- Bshrink
- Cpenetrating
- Dnon perpetrating
- Eshrink
- Fswell
93Sympatheitc and Parasympathetic = [blank_start]Homoeostasis[blank_end]
[blank_start]Stress[blank_end] and [blank_start]Calm[blank_end]- AHomoeostasis
- BStress
- CCalm
94Glial Cells provide structural and metabolic support
- ATrue
- BFalse
95For indirect communication, the chemical messenger must require a [blank_start]presence[blank_end] of receptor and [blank_start]specificity[blank_end] of receptor.
- Apresence
- Bspecificity
96Absorption is to [blank_start]absorb[blank_end]
Resorption is the process of [blank_start]losing substance[blank_end]
Reabsorption is the process of [blank_start]absorbing again[blank_end]- Aabsorb
- Blose
- Csecrete
- Dlosing substance
- Eabsorbing again
97What type of transport?
Na+/K+ pump moves both Na+ and K+ against electrochemical gradient = [blank_start]active[blank_end]
movement of CO2 across the phospholipid bilayer from high to low concentration = [blank_start]simple diffusion[blank_end]
Movement of amino acids from low to high concentration and Na+ down electrochemical gradient via a symporter = [blank_start]facilitated diffusion[blank_end]- Aactive
- Bsimple diffusion
- Cfacilitated diffusion
98Steps of Intracellular Signalling:
1. [blank_start]Hormone diffuses into cell[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]Hormone binds to receptor[blank_end]
3. Hormone/receptor [blank_start]complex binds to HRE on DNA[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]mRNA diffuses into cell[blank_end]
5. [blank_start]Specific protein is made in cytosol[blank_end]- AHormone diffuses into cell
- BHormone binds to receptor
- Ccomplex binds to HRE on DNA
- DmRNA diffuses into cell
- ESpecific protein is made in cytosol
99Steps of cAMP Second Messenger Pathway:
1. [blank_start]Hormone binds to receptor[blank_end] located in plasma membrane
2. [blank_start]Gprotein is activated[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]Activity of Adenlylate cyclase increases[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]cAMP is synthesized[blank_end]
5. [blank_start]Protein kinase A is activated[blank_end]
6. [blank_start]Cellular proteins are phophorylated[blank_end]- AHormone binds to receptor
- BGprotein is activated
- CActivity of Adenlylate cyclase increases
- DcAMP is synthesized
- EProtein kinase A is activated
- FCellular proteins are phophorylated
100Dave goes to a bar and consumes 5 alcoholic drinks. What would you expect to observe in response?
- AProduction of small volume of urine
- BAquaporins moving to apical membranes
- CDecreased cAMP in principal cells
- DIncreased release of ADH
101Oxytocin is released from cells located in the posterior pituitary
- ATrue
- BFalse
102ADH is produced in hypothalamic cells, and released from the anterior pituitary.
- ATrue
- BFalse
103What would you expect to see in a person with too much growth hormone because of a pituitary tumour?
- ADecreased osteoblast activity in bone tissue
- BIncreased number of chondrocytes
- CDecreased IGF-1
- DIncreased levels of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
104Steps in synthesis of thyroid hormones:
1. tyrosine [blank_start]residues on thyroglobin iodinated[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]coupling of MIT and DIT[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]phagocytosis of thyroglobulin bound to[blank_end] T3 and T4
4. [blank_start]T3 and T4 cleaved from thyroglobulin[blank_end]
5. [blank_start]T3 and T4 diffuse into blood stream[blank_end]- Aresidues on thyroglobin iodinated
- Bcoupling of MIT and DIT
- Cphagocytosis of thyroglobulin bound to
- DT3 and T4 cleaved from thyroglobulin
- ET3 and T4 diffuse into blood stream
105What would be an effect of preventing aldosterone release from the zona glomerulosa?
- Aincrease in plasma K+ concentration
- Bincrease in blood pressure
- Cincrease in plasma Na+ concentration
- Dincrease in blood volume
106Driving car, almost hit, but managed to avoid accident. What physiological changes would you expect to observe?
- Adecreased heart rate, lowered immune system
- Bincreased epinephrine release from adrenal cortex
- Cmore blood flow to the intestines and skin
- Dincreased heart rate, increased blood glucose
107What would you expect to observe in a person with elevated plasma calcium levels?
- Aincreased release of parathyroid hormone
- Bincreased synthesis of calcitriol
- Cincreased excretion of calcium in the urine
- Dincreased bone resorption
108Removal of part of the parathyroid glands and resultant low production of PTH would lead to:
- Aincreased calcitriol synthesis from vitamin D3
- BDecreased bone resorption by osteoclasts
- Cincreased bone resorption by osteoclasts
- Dincreased kidney reabsorption of calcium
109Which of the following is likely to be used to treat osteoporosis because one of its function is to directly increase the intestinal absorption of calcium?
- ACalcitonin
- BVitamin D
- CParathyroid hormone (PTH)
- DCalcitriol
110What would you expect to see in a person who has not eaten for 5-6 hours?
- AGlycogenesis in the liver
- BLipolysis in adipose tissue
- CProtein synthesis in muscle
- DDecreased glucagon release
111One hour after a person has eaten a meal which of the following would you expect to observe?
- AGluconeogenesis in the liver
- BProtein breakdown in skeletal muscle
- Clipogenesis in adipose tissue
- Dglycogenolysis in liver
112Jen has type 1 diabetes. One morning she injects herself with somewhat more insulin than is needed for the amount of food that she consumed, but less than a fatal dose. What changes would you expect to observe after the injection?
- ARelease of Growth Hormone
- BHyperglycemia
- CFewer GLUT4 Transporters on cell membrane
- DRelease of glucagon
113Which of the following concerning the regulation of reproduction hormone secretion is correct?
- AGnRH acts directly on the gonads to stimulate synthesis of sex steroid hormones
- BLH and FSH are released from the posterior pituitary
- CLH and FSH stimulate the release of sex hormones from the gonads
- DGnRH neurons project directly into the anterior pituitary to stimulate the release of LH and FSH
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- Description
- Quiz on PSL201Y1 2015 Term Test, created by Demi Turnbull on 03/11/2015.
- Author
- Demi Turnbull
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- English
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- Created on 3 Nov 2015 · updated on 19 Feb 2016
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