Psych Final exam

Question 1

Question

Those who emphasize _____ over stability would suggest that the first two years of life provide a poor basis for predicting a person's eventual traits.

Answer

Change
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Question 2

Question

The most immediate and direct function of the _____ reflex is the facilitation of food consumption.

Answer

rooting
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Question 3

Question

Mark thinks that language development over the life span requires a slow but steady shaping process. His belief is most directly relevant to the issue of:

Answer

continuity or stage development.
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Question 4

Question

You just found out that your sister conceived about seven days ago. You rush to find a book on pregnancy so that you can learn more about it. What will the book say is happening around the seventh day of pregnancy?

Answer

The cells of the zygote are beginning to differentiate.
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Question 5

Question

Biological maturation is best reflected in which of the following?

Answer

stages
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Question 6

Question

A school psychologist works with a teenage student who has lower intelligence, is hyperactive, and has behavior problems. The psychologist suspects the student also has a problem with _____.

Answer

alcholo
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Question 7

Question

Those who emphasize continuity over stages would choose which of the following as an example?

Answer

Students learn new facts about history from taking a school course.
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Question 8

Question

Juan's son was just arrested for setting the school's outdoor shed on fire. Juan and his wife admitted to the police that their son has always had an aggressive streak. This example represents

Answer

the stability side of the "stability and change" developmental issue.
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Question 9

Question

Concerning the stability and change developmental issue, our _____ is more predictable than our social attitudes.

Answer

temperament
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Question 10

Question

You read about a woman who is seven months pregnant and has been reciting poems and singing to her fetus. Is she wasting her time?

Answer

No, she is not wasting her time. Her baby can hear her and will likely recognize her voice immediately after birth.
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Question 11

Question

Due to complications from diabetes, Molly's pregnancy had to be terminated during the third month in order to save her life. She had the termination during the _____ stage of prenatal development.

Answer

Fetus
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Question 12

Question

Research on _____'s theory indicates that development does not seem to progress exactly through the series of fixed steps as he indicated. In other words, there is doubt that we develop in neatly defined stages.

Answer

Erikson
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Question 13

Question

All of the following represent biological maturation EXCEPT

Answer

vocabulary development.
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Question 14

Question

Delayed _____ is a trait that is associated with becoming more socially responsible and productive.

Answer

gratification
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Question 15

Question

The process of developing a sense of identity during adolescence was highlighted by:

Answer

Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory.
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Question 16

Question

_____ is to a girl's sexual development as _____ is to a boy's sexual development.

Answer

Menarche; spermarche
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Question 17

Question

Jeb believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates ______ morality.

Answer

postconventional
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Question 18

Question

According to Erik Erikson, one positive outcome of the struggle for identity is a comfortable sense of who one is and a developing capacity for:

Answer

intimacy with others.
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Question 19

Question

Kevin is a tall and popular 16-year old. He is also starting to use alcohol. It is likely that Kevin matured at a(n) _____ age.

Answer

early
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Question 20

Question

Marcus has decided to volunteer for Habitat for Humanity this summer. He has come to realize that he is very lucky. He wants to give back to people who are not as fortunate. Marcus has probably reached the _____ stage of moral development.

Answer

postconventional
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Question 21

Question

John is a star basketball player on the high school team. He is very tall. He is also very popular with both boys and girls. John is more likely to be:

Answer

sexual active
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Question 22

Question

Malcolm was contemplating dropping out of high school when he was asked to enroll in a volunteer program. Every week he worked in a local daycare center, helping the children with their projects. The children appreciated his help. After a few months, it is likely that Malcolm will:

Answer

feel better about himself and not drop out.
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Question 23

Question

Maura just celebrated her 25th anniversary at the company. She felt that her gold watch was just a meaningless trinket and was glad that she balanced her work with family life. According to the psychologist _____, Maura is in the stage of development called generativity vs. stagnation.

Answer

Erikson
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Question 24

Question

Peter just retired from his job. He feels that his gold watch is just a meaningless trinket. He is sad that he spent so much time at work and missed important family events. Most likely Peter is struggling with issues of _____.

Answer

despair
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Question 25

Question

Arthur is 68 years old and is sitting in his recliner reflecting on the mistakes he made in his life as well as the dreams that went unfulfilled. According to Erik Erikson, Arthur is in the stage of development called integrity vs. _____.

Answer

despair
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Question 26

Question

Shannon is 15 years old. She has stopped going to church with her family. She does not agree with everything the church preaches. She doesn't understand how her parents still go every weekend, when they don't always practice their religion during the week. Shannon has become able to see the _____ in her parents' lives

Answer

hypocrisy
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Question 27

Question

From ages _____ to _____, the brain's neural network is sprouting most rapidly in the _____ lobes.

Answer

3 to 6
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Question 28

Question

In Jean Piaget's account of the sensorimotor stage, children acquire a:

Answer

sense of object permanence.
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Question 29

Question

In the United States, about _____ percent of all babies are walking by age 11 months, 50 percent are walking within a week after their first birthday, and about 90 percent are walking by age 15 months.

Answer

25
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Question 30

Question

Two sealed, pyramid-shaped beakers contain what are clearly identical amounts of a liquid. However, a child suddenly judges them as holding different amounts of liquid after one beaker is inverted. The child apparently lacks a:

Answer

concept of conservation.
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Question 31

Question

Beginning at around _____ months, children may greet strangers by crying and reaching for their familiar caregivers.

Answer

8 month
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Question 32

Question

The local hospital has publicized for years that new parents should have their babies sleep on their backs and not their stomachs in order to reduce incidences of _____.

Answer

sids
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Question 33

Question

10-year old Marie is sad. She is crying. Her older brother Paul looks at her and then continues watching TV. Paul may be showing signs of _____.

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder
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Question 34

Question

"I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes; you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) _____ parenting style.

Answer

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authoritarian

Question 35

Question

Hussein is concerned because he cannot remember events before he was about 4 years old. This is called infantile _____.

Answer

amnesia
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Question 36

Question

Tommy was at the park with his father and excitedly pointed to the squirrel and exclaimed, "Kitty, kitty." His father pointed out that this was a squirrel, not a kitty. This best illustrates the process of:

Answer

assimilation
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Question 37

Question

3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room while his mother is in the room. However, if she briefly leaves and then returns, he will periodically go to her side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of:

Answer

secure attachment.
yes

Question 38

Question

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter. She frequently ignores her daughter's cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of _____ attachment.

Answer

insecure
no

Question 39

Question

Hussein is concerned because he cannot remember events before he was about 4 years old. What is the most likely cause for this infantile amnesia?

Answer

His hippocampus was not developed enough.
bob

Question 40

Question

After Nadia learned that penguins cannot fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of:

Answer

accommodation.
you

Question 41

Question

Answer

assimilation
no

Question 42

Question

3-year old Sam is talking to his grandmother on the phone. He says, "Look what I got today." Sam's mom explains that his grandmother can't see him. Is Sam's mom wasting her time explaining?

Answer

Yes, Sam has not developed a theory of mind yet.
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Question 43

Question

Answer

concept of conservation.
np

Question 44

Question

A young child who sees a cow for the first time calls it a "doggie." This illustrates the process of:

Answer

assimilation.
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Question 45

Question

A child's mental framework for interpreting reality becomes increasingly complex through the process of:

Answer

accommodation.
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Question 46

Question

A young child is shown two identical balls of clay. When one is rolled into a long rope, the child perceives it to contain more clay. This child is unable to understand:

Answer

conservation
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Question 47

Question

Lisa's incorrect responses to the checkers problem indicate that she is still in the ________ stage of cognitive development.

Answer

preoperational
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Question 48

Question

Both Mike and Leah respond correctly to the waterjar problem. This illustrates that they have developed what Piaget calls:

Answer

reversible thinking.
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Question 49

Question

This clip suggests that, in contrast to 7-year olds, 5-year-olds may believe that the volume of a liquid changes as its __________ changes.

Answer

appearance
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Question 50

Question

For both children, the experimenter refers to the liquid in the containers as:

Answer

apple juices
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Question 51

Question

This clip suggests that children master the principle of conservation of liquid between ages ____ and ____.

Answer

Question 52

Question

The psychologist who popularized the notion that identity formation was the chief challenge of adolescence was:

Answer

Erik Erikson.
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Question 53

Question

James Marcia built on Erikson's work by proposing that identity formation consists of exploration and:

Answer

commitment.
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Question 54

Question

Eighteen-year-old Mae can't understand how her older brother could be so sure of his religious beliefs and the direction he wants his life to take. She has been reading about different faiths, but she certainly hasn't made up her mind about what she believes or what she would like to do with her life. Marcia would say that she is in the ________ category of identity formation.

Answer

moratorium
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Question 55

Question

Adolescents who automatically adopt a view opposite to their parents without carefully considering their own opinions can be said to have formed a _______ identity.

Answer

negative
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Question 56

Question

Researchers have found that diffusion and ________ are common in early adolescence.

Answer

foreclosure
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Question 57

Question

___________________ are the body structures that make sexual reproduction possible.

Answer

Primary sex characteristics
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Question 58

Question

Early maturation in boys tends to produce boys who are:

Answer

more self-assured, popular, and independent.
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Question 59

Question

Female breasts are to ___________ as male testes are to ___________.

Answer

secondary sex characteristics; primary sex characteristics
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Question 60

Question

According to Kohlberg, those who develop an abstract level of reasoning, wherein they perceive basic ethical principles and the moral good as more important than their own self, have developed what is known as __________________.

Answer

ostconventional morality
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Question 61

Question

Mark believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates _____________ morality.

Answer

postconventional
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Question 62

Question

Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) ________ morality.

Answer

preconventional
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Question 63

Question

According to Erikson, one positive outcome of the struggle for identity is a comfortable sense of who one is and a developing capacity for:

Answer

intimacy with others.
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Question 64

Question

Erik Erikson proposed that at each stage of life we face a psychosocial task that needs resolution. The first task that infants wrestle with is:

Answer

trust vs. mistrust.
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Question 65

Question

The period of adolescence is lengthening in industrialized cultures such as in Europe, the U.S., and Australia. Adolescents are taking more time to finish their education and establish careers. The average age at first marriage in the U.S. has increased more than four years since 1960, to _______ for men and _______ for

Answer

28,26
klol

Question 66

Question

Javier is 20 years old and still very much dependent on his parents. They are paying for his college tuition as well as his living expenses. He spends his school holidays at home with them. He is in the phase of life known as:

Answer

emerging adulthood.
loh

	Created by Neesha St. over 8 years ago

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