Quiz
Clinical Skills: Electrolytes & Trace Elements
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Questions in this quiz (27)
1Which of the following is NOT included in a BMP ?
- ANa
- BK
- CCl
- DCO2
- EBUN
- FCr
- GGlu
- HCa
2Complete the chart by dragging the correct terms to each space
(the cursor/pointer must touch dot, not just the answer/image)
- ANa
- BCl
- CBUN
- DK
- EHCO3
- FCr
- GGlu
3Below __________mEq/L of serum sodium, initial sxs (nausea, vomiting, HA) and below __________mEq/L of serum sodium, sxs become severe (seizure, coma, respiratory arrest).
- A150, 125
- B125, 120
- C100, 95
- D100, 50
4Signs/Sxs of Hypernatremia
(select all that apply)- ALethary
- BRestlessnes
- CHyporeflexia
- DSpasticity
- ESeizure
5Which of the following may cause hypokalemia?
(select all that apply)- ATranscellular K+ shift
- BRenal secreting tumor
- CAldosterone derangements
- DGI (Diarrhea/Vomiting)
- EMetabolic (e.g. DKA)
6Which of the following are potential sxs of hypokalemia?
(select all that apply)- AAcidosis
- BShallow Respirations
- CIrritability
- DWeakness/Fatigue
- EArrhythmias (tachycardia, irregular rhythm, bradycardia)
7A traumatic venipuncture or drawing of blood w/ a needle that is too small may result in falsely elevated levels of potassium due to the hemolysis of RBCs.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8Hyperkalemia may result from [blank_start]missed dialysis[blank_end]
Hypokalemia may result from [blank_start]DKA or GI issues[blank_end]- Amissed dialysis
- BDKA or GI issues
- CDKA or GI issues
- DMissed Dialysis
9Hyper/Hypochloremia are often isolated phenomena - unconnected to other electrolyte imbalances.
- ATrue
- BFalse
10The bicarbonate level (HCO3), or "bicarb", and carbon dioxide (CO2) content in serum may be used interchangeably as they both refer to the same value.
- ATrue
- BFalse
11The Anion Gap is: (select all that apply)
- AGood for categorizing and / or causes for metabolic acidosis
- BDifference between calculated serum anions and cations
- CAG = Na – (Cl + CO2)
- DNormally 12 +/- 2 mEq/L
- ENa - Cl - CO2 - K = AG
12Creatinine and BUN are both measures of:
- Aliver function
- Brenal function
- Cheart function
- Dmuscle metabolism
- Eacid/base levels
13Absorption of Mg is affected by:
- ACa intake
- BVit D
- CPTH
- DA & C
- EAll of the above
14Proper magnesium levels are vital for neuromuscular and enzymatic functioning.
- ATrue
- BFalse
15Which of the following may cause HYPERmagnesemia? (check all that apply)
- AARF
- BHypothyroidism
- CAdrenal insufficiency
- DMedications
- EMalabsorption
16Which of the following may cause HYPOmagnesemia? (check all that apply)
- AEndocrine dysfunction
- BMedication
- CMalabsorption
- DIdiopathic causes
- EARF
17Which of the following may be signs/sxs of HYPERmagnesemia?
- APulmonary edema
- BRespiratory depression
- CThirst
- DHyperreflexia
- EHypertension
18Which of the following may be signs/sxs of HYPOmagnesemia?
- AChvostek's sign
- BVeritgo
- CDysphagia
- DSeizures
- EArrhythmias
- FN/V
- GLoss of appetite
19Which of the following is NOT a criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes?
- AFasting plasma glucose >200 mg/dl
- B2hr Post-Prandial glucose >200 mg/dl
(w/ clinical sxs) - CRandom plasma glucose >200 mg/dl
- DHmgA1C < 6.5%
20The total serum calcium is a measure of:
- AFree (ionized) calcium
- BProtein bound calcium
(usually bound to albumin) - CBoth A & B
- DOnly A
- EOnly B
21The total serum calcium level is affected by changes in serum albumin at a ratio of 0.8mg Ca to 1g albumin.
- ATrue
- BFalse
22Which TWO are considered COMMON causes of HYPERcalcemia?
(the remaining are considered uncommon or rare causes)- ASarcoidosis
- BMalginancy
- CPrimary Hyperparathyroidism
- DTB
- EDrug-Induced (e.g. Vit D, Hormones, Aluminum tox.)
- FThyrotoxicosis
- GRenal Failure
- HHypocalciuria
- IHypophosphatemia
- JPhenochromcytoma
23Hypercalcemia may often be asymptomatic.
- ATrue
- BFalse
24Which of the following statements about calcium levels and sxs is/are true?
(select all that apply)- ACalcium > 11.5 mg/dl (2.9mmol/L) = Acute Renal Failure
- BCalcium > 13 mg/dl (3.2mmol/L) = Nephrocalcinosis
- CCalcium > 14 mg/dl (3.5mmol/L) = Parathyroid crisis
- DCalcium > 10 mg/dl (2.7mmol/L) = Sx Onset
25HYPOcalcemia may cause:
(select all that apply)- ACardiovascular (Systolic Dysfunction) such as: Dyspnea, Edema, Syncope, and Palpitations
- BNeurologic Dysfunction, such as: Muscular fasciculation, cramping, spasms, stiffness, paresthesia, seizures, nervousness, and weakness.
- CGastrointestinal sxs, such as: Vomiting, Diarrhea, Dysphagia, and Abdominal Pain
26Which of the following is/are signs of hypocalcemia? (choose all that apply)
- AHair Loss
- BChvostek's sign
- CTrousseau's sign (carpopedal spasm)
- DPremature cataracts
- EPapilledema
27Excessive laboratory tests can cause iatrogenic anemia.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- Electrolytes & Trace Elements ppt
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- campbellpa2017
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- English
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