Physical Anthropology Quiz 1

What is a karyotype?

Any chromosome OTHER than the sex chromosome:

A triplet of nucleotide bases in mRNA that specifies an amino acid or the initiation or termination of a polypeptide sequence:

Molecules that form the basic building blocks of protien:

Polypeptides are:

An ENZYME is a complex protien that is a catalyst for chemical processes in the body.

[blank_start]Mitochondria[blank_end] are organelles in the cytoplasm of the cell where energy production for the cell takes place. Contains its own DNA.

Structures composed primarily of RNA, which are found on the endoplasmic reticulum. They are the site of protien synthesis.

A disease caused by a recessive allele; one copy of the allele must be inherited from each parent for the disease to develope.

[blank_start]Heritability[blank_end] is a statistic geneticists use to quantify the proportion of all variation observed for a trait that can be attributed to genetic rather than environmental factors.

Phenotypic traits that result from the combined action of more than one gene; most complex traits are this.

A [blank_start]genotype[blank_end] is the genetic makeup of an individual. It can refer to the entire genetic complement or more narrowly to the alleles present at a specific locus on two homologous chromosomes.

A [blank_start]phenotype[blank_end] is an observable or measurable feature of an organism. This can be anatomical, biochemical, or behavioral.

In a diploid organism, dominant refers to an allele that must be present in two copies (homozygous) in order to be expressed.

In a diploid organism, an allele that is expressed when present on only one pair of homologous chromosomes.

Examples of HOMOZYGOUS Genotypes and corresponding phenotype. Select all that apply.

A male with blood type AO mates with a female with blood type B. What possible blood types can their offspring posses?

A male with a blood type of OO mates with a female with a blood type of AO. Possible blood types for their offspring include:

A male with blood type O mates with a female with blood type AB. What blood types are NOT possible for their offspring to possess?

A couples blood types are O and AB. Which possible blood type could their offspring posses?