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PSYC 101 Chapter 5 Quiz - Intelligence

Michael Wickham 10 questions

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  1. 1There is different ways in measuring and identifying the differences between people.

    [blank_start]Anthropometrics[blank_end] can be defined as methods that measure the physical and mental variations in people.
    [blank_start]Intelligence[blank_end] can be described as the ability to think, reason, understand and adapt to overcome different types of problems and obstacles.
    Intelligence and how we acquire intelligence has been disputed before, there are two main theories about intelligence.
    [blank_start]Entity Theory[blank_end] describes Intelligence as a characteristic that is fixed and incredibly difficult to change.
    [blank_start]Incremental Theory[blank_end] describes Intelligence as something that can be shaped by experiences, practice, and effort. You learn things in different steps and processes.
    1. AAnthropometrics
    2. BIntelligence
    3. CEntity Theory
    4. DIncremental Theory
  2. 2There have been many different ways to measure intelligence throughout the decades.

    [blank_start]Mental Age[blank_end] can be defined as the average intellectual ability score for children of a specific age. For example if a 7 year old had the score that the average 7 year old's have, this would be 7.
    [blank_start]The Stanford-Binet Test[blank_end] was a test that intended to measure natural levels of intelligence. This idea of a test relates to the idea that intelligence is a fixed ability that can't change.
    [blank_start]Intelligence Quotient (IQ)[blank_end] can be described as calculating a person's mental age, dividing it by their chronological age, and then multiplying it by 100.
    [blank_start]Raven's Progressive Matrices[blank_end] can be defined as an intelligence test that is based on pictures, and not words, and because of this eliminates the effect of language or cultural backgrounds.
    1. AMental Age
    2. BThe Stanford-Binet Test
    3. CIntelligence Quotient (IQ)
    4. DRaven's Progressive Matrices
  3. 3[blank_start]Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale[blank_end] provides a single IQ score for each person taking the test, but breaks it into two categories.
    [blank_start]General Ability Index (GAI)[blank_end] which is composed of [blank_start]Verbal Comprehension[blank_end] and [blank_start]Perceptual Reasoning Index[blank_end], These measures address the person's intellectual abilities without having to put much emphasis on speed of solutions.
    [blank_start]Cognitive Proficiency Index (CPI)[blank_end] which is composed of [blank_start]Working Memory[blank_end] and [blank_start]Perceptual Speed Index[blank_end], these are emphaized on the speed of answering and processing information.

    1. AGeneral Ability Index (GAI)
    2. BVerbal Comprehension
    3. CPerceptual Reasoning Index
    4. DCognitive Proficiency Index (CPI)
    5. EWorking Memory
    6. FPerceptual Speed Index
    7. GWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
  4. 4[blank_start]Stereotype Threat[blank_end] occurs when their are negative stereotypes about a group, that then cause these group members to underperform on tests. This can be caused by three things
    1) arousal due to the awareness of stereotype that distracts from performance
    2) focus on threat and their own actions, leaving less cognitive resources to focus on test
    3) activity to control negative thoughts again leaves less cognitive resources to focus.
    1. AStereotype Threat
  5. 5A [blank_start]Savant[blank_end] is an individual who has a low mental capacity in most areas, but an extraordinary ability in other specific areas such as music, mathematics, and art.
    1. ASavant
  6. 6Intelligence and different abilities and how they interact has been studied in the past:

    [blank_start]Factor Analysis[blank_end] is a statistical technique that looks at correlations between variables to discover clusters of related variables or factors to see how they relate to one another.
    1. AFactor Analysis
  7. 7Spearman was responsible for a belief that the [blank_start]General Intelligence Factor[blank_end] or g reflected a person's mental energy, which created the idea that some brains are more powerful than others. G can be defined as how much of a mental capacity people have, and how some people have more energy or strength between factors.

    Intelligence itself can be described in two different ways to explain how information is taken care of.
    [blank_start]Fluid Intelligence (Gf)[blank_end] can be described as a type of intelligence used when learning about new information and solving new problems that is not based on knowledge that the person already had.
    [blank_start]Crystallized Intelligence (Gc)[blank_end] can be described as the type of intelligence that does use past experiences or information to solve problems.
    1. AGeneral Intelligence Factor
    2. BFluid Intelligence (Gf)
    3. CCrystallized Intelligence (Gc)
  8. 8Sternberg also had another idea as to how intelligence was thought to be described. He theorized that there was a [blank_start]Triarchic Theory of Intelligence[blank_end] where it could be broken down into three categories.
    [blank_start]Analytical[blank_end] which can be defined as the ability to solve problems with logic and to find new solutions "book smarts"
    [blank_start]Practical[blank_end] which can be defined as the ability to solve real world problems, a hands on approach often called "street smarts"
    [blank_start]Creative[blank_end] which can be defined as the ability to generate new ideas and solutions to problems. Related heavily to the arts and imagination.
    1. ATriarchic Theory of Intelligence
    2. BAnalytical
    3. CPractical
    4. DCreative
  9. 9Gardner created a theory of explaining that there are multiple aspects to intelligence that can be defined in a variety of different categories. There are eight different types that can be listed below.
    1. AMusical
    2. BPractical
    3. CLogical
    4. DIntrapersonal
    5. EVerbal
    6. FBodily
    7. GNaturalist
    8. HVisuospatial
    9. IInterpersonal
    10. JExistential
  10. 10The Biological, Environmental, and Behavioural Influences of Intelligence

    [blank_start]Gene Knockout (KO) Studies[blank_end] involve removing a specific gene and comparing the characteristics of animals that have and don't have that gene.

    [blank_start]The Flynn Effect[blank_end] can be described as how the intelligence level increases in a steady population over time.

    [blank_start]Video Deficit[blank_end] refers to how young children do not learn very much from information that is presented on screens until the age of 2.

    [blank_start]Nootropic Substances[blank_end] are substances that are believed to have a beneficial effect on intelligence.
    1. AGene Knockout (KO) Studies
    2. BThe Flynn Effect
    3. CVideo Deficit
    4. DNootropic Substances

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Description
Quiz on PSYC 101 Chapter 5 Quiz - Intelligence , created by Michael Wickham on 20/02/2016.
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