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Questions in this quiz (38)
1Ordinal level data are characterised by:
- AData that can be meaningfully arranged by order of magnitude.
- BEqual intervals between each adjacent score
- CA fixed zero.
- DNone of the above.
2A Repeated Measures design would be appropriate for which of the following situations?
- AA researcher would like to study the effect of alcohol on reaction time.
- BA researcher would like to compare individuals from at least two populations.
- CThe effect of two new treatments, administered simultaneously on individuals with a rare condition.
- DBoth a and b.
3Which of the following is a between groups design?
- AAll participants perform in all conditions.
- BEach participant is tested twice, once in each condition.
- CDifferent participants perform in each condition.
- DNone of the above.
4What is the dependent variable in experimental research?
- AA variable which nobody controls or changes.
- BThe variable which is manipulated in an experiment.
- CThe variable which is measured, to see the results of an experiment.
- DA variable which is held steady.
5Temperature which is measured along the Fahrenheit scale can be considered as:
- ANominal Data
- BOrdinal Data
- CScale Data
6Participants take a stimulated driving test twice, in one condition they have no alcohol, in the other they have enough alcohol to take them over the legal limit. Is this design:
- ARepeated Measures?
- BUnrelated Measures?
- CBetween Subjects?
- DIndependent Measures?
7An experimental design in which all participants participate in all experimental conditions is known as:
- AAn Independent Groups Design
- BA Repeated Measures Design
- CA Matched Groups Design
- DAn Unrelated Design
8If a researcher wanted to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking by mothers on birth defects in children she would most likely conduct:
- AAn experimental study
- BAn observational study
- CCorrelational Study
- DA case study
9A researcher investigates the effect of caffeine on sleeping behaviour by allocating participants into two groups, group 1 (drinking normal coffee) and group 2 (drinking decaffeinated coffee) before recording how long it takes participants to fall asleep. In this scenario:
- ATime taken to sleep is the dependent variable and caffeine is the independent variable.
- BTime take to sleep is the independent variable and caffeine is the dependent variable.
- CThey are both independent variables
- DThey are both dependent variables
10What is an outlier?
- AA set of data outside the data file
- BA single score that is very different from the others
- CA score derived from a participant who has lied
- DA variable that cannot be quantified
11Which of the following is most affected by outliers?
- AThe mode
- BThe mean
- CThe median
- DThey are all equally affected.
12The standard deviation is the square root of the:
- ACoefficient of determination
- BSum of squares
- CVariance
- DRange
13Which of the following is true?
- AThe variance is a measure of dispersion and is the square root of the standard deviation.
- BThe variance is a measure of dispersion and is the square of the standard deviation.
- CThe variance is a measure of dispersion which has no relation to the standard deviation.
- DThe standard deviation is the square of the variance.
14The interquartile range:
- AIs always larger than the range
- BIs another way of referring to the range.
- CNine times out of ten is identical to the mean.
- DIs usually smaller than the range.
15Which of the following is NOT a feature of descriptive statistics?
- ADescriptive statistics organise and summarise data.
- BDescriptive statistics describe patterns in the data.
- CDescriptive statistics inform us of the nature of relationships between variables.
- DDescriptive statistics include measures such as the mean, mode and median.
16If a distribution is multimodal, what does this mean?
- AIt will not be a normal distribution.
- BThe data has been entered incorrectly.
- CIt will be a normal distribution.
- DIt will have to be checked with a Levene's test.
17Which of the following is a good measure of the spread of scores?
- AMean
- BMode
- CMedian
- DNone of the above
18Which of the following is true?
- AVariance can be calculated for any sort of data
- BVariance is a standard formula to indicate the variability of all scores for a particular variable
- CVariance cannot be calculated for score data.
- DVariance and the median are very similar.
19Dispersion is to central tendency as variance is to:
- AStandard Deviation
- BRange
- CMean
- DZ-score
20Which of the following terms best describes the sentence: 'In a blind-tasting, people will not be able to tell the difference between margarine and butter'.
- AA directional hypothesis
- BAn operational definition
- CA null hypothesis
- DAn experimental hypothesis
21The assumption of homogeneity of variance is met when:
- AThe variance in one group it twice as big as that of a different group.
- BVariances in different groups are approximately equal.
- CThe variance across groups is proportional to the means of those groups.
- DThe variance is the same as the interquartile range.
22What is a significance level?
- AThe level at which statistics finally becomes interesting.
- BThe impact that reporting statistics incorrectly could have.
- CA pre-set level of probability that the results are correct.
- DA pre-set level of probability at which it will be accepted that results are due to chance or not.
23A type 1error occurs when:
- AWe conclude that there is a statistically significant effect when there actually is not
- BWe conclude that there is not a statistically significant effect when there actually is.
- CWe conclude that our inputs and data entry are wrong.
- DWe conclude that our outputs and test results are wrong.
24Another term for parametric tests is:
- ANon-normal tests.
- BData-free tests.
- CNon-continuous tests.
- DDistribution-free tests.
25Levene's test tests for whether:
- AData are normally distributed.
- BThe variances in different groups are equal.
- CThe assumption of sphericity has been met.
- DGroup means differ.
26What is the conventional level of probability that is often accepted when conducting statistical tests?
- A0.1
- B0.05
- C0.5
- D0.001
27A null hypothesis:
- AStates that the experimental treatment will have an effect.
- BIs rarely used in experiments.
- CPredicts that the experimental treatment will have no effect.
- DNone of the above.
28'Sleep deprivation will reduce the ability to perform a complex cognitive task'. State the direction of this hypothesis:
- ADirectional
- BNon-Directional
- CBoth.
- DNot enough information given.
29The non-parametric equivalent of the paired t-test is the:
- AMann-Whitney U test.
- BWilcoxon signed ranks test.
- CFriedman test.
- DKruskall-Wallis test.
30An indiependent t-test is used to test for:
- ADifferences between means of groups containing different people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval.
- BDifferences between means of groups containing different people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances.
- CDifferences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval.
- DDifferences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances.
31Which of the following are assumptions underlying the use of the independent t-test?
- AThe data should be normally distributed.
- BThe samples being tested should have approximately equal variances.
- CThe data should be collected at a scale level of measurement.
- DAll of the above.
32The non-parametric equivalent of the two-sample independent t-test is the:
- AMann-Whitney U test.
- BWilcoxon signed ranks test
- CFriedman test
- DKruskall-Wallis test
33Twenty people took part in a study in which they completed two questionnaires: one that measured musical ability and one that measured their mathematical aptitude. The two sets of scores were then analysed to determine if the two skills were related. Which research design was used in the study?
- AAn observational study.
- BA case study.
- CA correlational study.
- DAn experiment.
34The within-participants equivalent of the Mann-Whitney test is the:
- AChi square test.
- BWilcoxon signed ranks test.
- CIndependent t-test.
- DOne-way Anova.
35What is the name of the test that is used to assess the relationship between two ordinal variables?
- ASpearman's Rho
- BPhi.
- CCramer's phi coefficient.
- DChi square
36A positive correlation shows that:
- ATwo variables are unrelated.
- BAs one score increases so does the other.
- CAs one score increases so the other decreases.
- DBoth a and b.
37A dependent t-test is used for:
- ADifferences between means of groups containing different people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval.
- BDifferences between means of groups containing different people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances.
- CDifferences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval.
- DDifferences between means of groups and containing same people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances.
38Which is an assumption of chi-square?
- AThat the data are normally distributed.
- BThat each participant contributes data to only one cell.
- CThat the data is continuous.
- DThat there is little variability amongst the data.
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- Quiz on RDA1, created by kiren bains on 26/04/2016.
- Author
- kiren bains
- Language
- English
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- History
- Created on 26 Apr 2016 · updated on 5 May 2016
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