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Definitions and EDTO
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Questions in this quiz (20)
1A–B fuel is:
- Athe fuel required from the start of the takeoff roll at the destination airfield through climb, cruise, and descent to arrival at 1,500 ft over the diversion airfield.
- Bthe fuel required from the start of the takeoff roll at the departure airfield through climb, cruise, and descent to landing at the destination airfield.
- Cthe fuel required from the start of the takeoff roll at the destination airfield through climb, cruise, and descent to landing at the diversion airfield.
- Dthe fuel required from the start of the takeoff roll at the departure airfield through climb, cruise, and descent to arrival at 1,500 ft over the destination airfield.
2‘ECL P/N’ means:
- Aemergency cruise part number.
- Belectronic cruise part number.
- Cemergency checklist part number.
- Delectronic checklist part number.
3Grid MORAs:
- Aprovide 2,000 ft clearance, and up to 4,000 ft in mountainous terrain.
- Bprovide 500 ft clearance, and up to 1,000 ft in mountainous terrain.
- Crefer to the off-route track that the aircraft is flying. They provide obstacle clearance within 10 NM either side of track, also providing a 10 NM radius around both ends of the track.
- Drefer to a lateral block of airspace the aircraft is flying. They provide obstacle clearance within a 1 degree by 1 degree (latitude and longitude) grid block, but can be a different size.
4En-route EDTO alternate aerodrome planning minima for an aerodrome with two or more non-precision runways state:
- ACloud base of 400 ft or cloud base of 600 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher.
- BCloud base of 800 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher.
- CCloud base of 600 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher.
- DCloud base of 400 ft or cloud base of 200 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher.
5‘A holder of an air operator certificate who is authorised in accordance with this Subpart to conduct an EDTO must not allow an aeroplane to be dispatched on an EDTO unless, in addition to the requirements of the certificate holder’s fuel policy required by rule 121.75, the following requirements are met:
- Athe aeroplane, upon reaching the en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome must have sufficient fuel to hold for 5 minutes at 1,500 feet above the aerodrome elevation and then to conduct an instrument approach procedure and land.’
- Bthe aeroplane, upon reaching the en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome must have sufficient fuel to hold for 15 minutes at 1,500 feet above the aerodrome elevation and then to conduct an instrument approach procedure and land.’
- Cthe aeroplane, upon reaching the en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome must have sufficient fuel to hold for 20 minutes at 1,500 feet above the aerodrome elevation and then to conduct an instrument approach procedure and land.’
- Dthe aeroplane, upon reaching the en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome must have sufficient fuel to hold for 10 minutes at 1,500 feet above the aerodrome elevation and then to conduct an instrument approach procedure and land.’
6‘For the purposes of calculating the sufficient fuel required to fly to an en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome, the certificate holder must take the following matters into account:
- Aif the certificate holder is using a wind forecast model acceptable to the Director, a 5% wind speed factor (i.e. as an increment to a headwind or as a decrement to a tailwind) must be added onto the actual or forecast wind used to calculate the sufficient fuel required to account for errors in wind forecasting:’
- Bif the certificate holder is using a wind forecast model acceptable to the Director, a 10% wind speed factor (i.e. as an increment to a headwind or as a decrement to a tailwind) must be added onto the actual or forecast wind used to calculate the sufficient fuel required to account for errors in wind forecasting:’.
- Cif the certificate holder is using a wind forecast model acceptable to the Director, a 7% wind speed factor (i.e. as an increment to a headwind or as a decrement to a tailwind) must be added onto the actual or forecast wind used to calculate the sufficient fuel required to account for errors in wind forecasting:’.
- Dif the certificate holder is using a wind forecast model acceptable to the Director, a 2.5% wind speed factor (i.e. as an increment to a headwind or as a decrement to a tailwind) must be added onto the actual or forecast wind used to calculate the sufficient fuel required to account for errors in wind forecasting:’.
7Final reserve fuel is:
- Athe fuel required to fly for 20 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 ft above the destination or destination alternate aerodrome airfield (excluding any additional fuel for holding in a racetrack pattern).
- Bthe fuel required to fly for 30 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 ft above the destination or destination alternate aerodrome airfield (excluding any additional fuel for holding in a racetrack pattern).
- Cthe fuel required to fly for 10 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 ft above the destination or destination alternate aerodrome airfield (excluding any additional fuel for holding in a racetrack pattern).
- Dthe fuel required to fly for 60 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 ft above the destination or destination alternate aerodrome airfield (excluding any additional fuel for holding in a racetrack pattern).
8Long-range cruise (LRC):
- AFor a given weight/altitude, you will get a maximum range cruise speed where you obtain the greatest number of nautical miles per unit of fuel. In order to obtain flight stability, this is reduced by 1% to give LRC. Long-range cruise is a speed not affected by cost index, as it is 99% best range under still air conditions. The LRC schedule requires a gradual reduction in cruising speed as gross weight decreases with fuel burn.
- BFor a given weight/altitude, you will get a maximum range cruise speed where you obtain the greatest number of nautical miles per unit of fuel. In order to obtain flight stability, this is reduced by 1% to give LRC. Long-range cruise is a speed not affected by cost index, as it is 99% best range under still air conditions. The LRC schedule requires a gradual increase in cruising speed as gross weight decreases with fuel burn.
- CFor a given weight/altitude, you will get a maximum range cruise speed where you obtain the greatest number of nautical miles per unit of fuel. In order to obtain flight stability, this is reduced by 1% to give LRC. Long-range cruise is a speed affected by cost index, as it is 99% best range under still air conditions. The LRC schedule requires a gradual reduction in cruising speed as gross weight decreases with fuel burn.
- DFor a given weight/altitude, you will get a maximum range cruise speed where you obtain the greatest number of nautical miles per unit of fuel. In order to obtain flight stability, this is increased by 1% to give LRC. Long-range cruise is a speed not affected by cost index, as it is 99% best range under still air conditions. The LRC schedule requires a gradual reduction in cruising speed as gross weight decreases with fuel burn.
9Specific Range:
- AIs the air or ground distance an aircraft can achieve for every weight of fuel burnt
- BIs the air or ground distance an aircraft can achieve in the shortest amount of time
- CIs the ground distance an aircraft can achieve in the shortest amount of time
- DIs the air distance an aircraft can achieve for every weight of fuel burnt
10PNR:
- Athe point in the flight of an aircraft beyond which the remaining fuel will be insufficient for a return to the departure airfield.
- Bthe point in the flight of an aircraft beyond which the remaining fuel will be insufficient for a safe return to the departure airfield with appropriate reserve fuel.
11Diversion decision point (DDP):
- AThis is a designated point on a route to which a flight may operate with reduced specific aircraft contingency. Each DDP is associated with an en-route refuelling airfield.
- BThis is a designated point on a route to which a flight may operate with reduced specific aircraft contingency.
- CThis is a designated point on a route to which a flight may operate with increased specific aircraft contingency. Each DDP is associated with an en-route refuelling airfield.
- DThis is a designated point on a route to which a flight may operate with reduced reserve fuel. Each DDP is associated with an en-route refuelling airfield.
12Extended diversion time operations (EDTO):
- Aa flight by a multiengine turbine powered aeroplane where the flight time (calculated at a one-engine-inoperative cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) from a point on the route to an adequate aerodrome is greater than the threshold time for the aeroplane.
- Ba flight by a multiengine turbine powered aeroplane where the flight time (calculated at all-engines operating cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) from a point on the route to an adequate aerodrome is greater than the threshold time for the aeroplane.
- Ca flight by a multiengine turbine powered aeroplane where the flight time (calculated at all-engines operating cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) from a point on the route to an adequate aerodrome is less than the threshold time for the aeroplane.
- Da flight by a multiengine turbine powered aeroplane where the flight time (calculated at a one-engine-inoperative cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) from a point on the route to an adequate aerodrome is less than the threshold time for the aeroplane.
13Cost index (CI):
- Acost of time divided by cost of fuel. Entering ‘0’ for the CI figure is essentially the same as setting the aircraft to minimum trip fuel and maximum range airspeed. This negates the cost of time.
- Bcost of fuel divided by cost of time. Entering ‘0’ for the CI figure is essentially the same as setting the aircraft to minimum trip fuel and maximum endurance airspeed. This negates the cost of time.
- Ccost of fuel divided by cost of time. Entering ‘0’ for the CI figure is essentially the same as setting the aircraft to minimum trip fuel and maximum range airspeed. This negates the cost of time.
- Dcost of time divided by cost of fuel. Entering ‘0’ for the CI figure is essentially the same as setting the aircraft to minimum trip fuel and maximum endurance airspeed. This negates the cost of time.
14Performance deterioration allowance (PDA): This is a specific percentage fuel allowance to provide for the deterioration of that aircraft’s performance from standard book figures.
- AThis allowance shall be applied to all facets of the fuel calculation and shall be included in the individual fuel figures and not as a separate percentage.
- BThis allowance shall be applied to only major components of the fuel calculation and shall be included in the individual fuel figures and not as a separate percentage.
- CThis allowance shall be applied to all reserve components of the fuel calculation and shall be included in the individual fuel figures and not as a separate percentage.
- DThis allowance shall be applied to A-B trip fuel and shall be included in the individual fuel figures and not as a separate percentage.
15Contingency fuel: (CAR Pt 1) a fuel provision for any of the following:
- AAll of these.
- Bany deviation from the planned flight routes, altitudes, or levels
- Cen-route winds or temperatures being different from forecast
- Dvariations from optimum operating techniques.
16121.969 EDTO dispatch requirements — general:
- A(a) A holder of an air operator certificate who is authorised in accordance with this Subpart to conduct EDTO must not allow an aeroplane to be dispatched on an EDTO unless—
(1) the communications systems required by rules 91.519 and 121.353 are operable; and
(2) subject to paragraph (b), every aerodrome that is required for the operation, including take-off and take-off alternate, destination and destination alternate, and en-route EDTO alternate aerodromes, is listed in the dispatch release provided to the pilot- in-command; and
(3) for EDTO up to and including 180 minutes maximum diversion time, the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (including the most limiting fire suppression time for the cargo and baggage compartments) minus 15 minutes. - B(a) A holder of an air operator certificate who is authorised in accordance with this Subpart to conduct EDTO must not allow an aeroplane to be dispatched on an EDTO unless—
(1) the communications systems required by rules 91.519 and 121.353 are operable; and
(2) subject to paragraph (b), every aerodrome that is required for the operation, including take-off and take-off alternate, destination and destination alternate, and en-route EDTO alternate aerodromes, is listed in the dispatch release provided to the pilot- in-command; and
(3) for EDTO up to and including 180 minutes maximum diversion time, the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (including the most limiting fire suppression time for the cargo and baggage compartments) minus 30 minutes. - C(a) A holder of an air operator certificate who is authorised in accordance with this Subpart to conduct EDTO must not allow an aeroplane to be dispatched on an EDTO unless—
(1) the communications systems required by rules 91.519 and 121.353 are operable; and
(2) subject to paragraph (b), every aerodrome that is required for the operation, including take-off and take-off alternate, destination and destination alternate, and en-route EDTO alternate aerodromes, is listed in the dispatch release provided to the pilot- in-command; and
(3) for EDTO up to and including 240 minutes maximum diversion time, the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (including the most limiting fire suppression time for the cargo and baggage compartments) minus 30 minutes. - D(a) A holder of an air operator certificate who is authorised in accordance with this Subpart to conduct EDTO must not allow an aeroplane to be dispatched on an EDTO unless—
(1) the communications systems required by rules 91.519 and 121.353 are operable; and
(2) subject to paragraph (b), every aerodrome that is required for the operation, including take-off and take-off alternate, destination and destination alternate, and en-route EDTO alternate aerodromes, is listed in the dispatch release provided to the pilot- in-command; and
(3) for EDTO up to and including 240 minutes maximum diversion time, the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed in still air and ISA conditions) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (including the most limiting fire suppression time for the cargo and baggage compartments) minus 15 minutes.
- A(a) A holder of an air operator certificate who is authorised in accordance with this Subpart to conduct EDTO must not allow an aeroplane to be dispatched on an EDTO unless—
17121.971 EDTO dispatch—additional requirements for EDTO more than 180 minutes maximum diversion time
- A(4) the flight time (at the all engines operating cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the most limiting capability of the cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression system minus 15 minutes at any stage of the flight; and
(5) the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (not including cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression systems) minus 15 minutes. - B(4) the flight time (at the all engines operating cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the most limiting capability of the cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression system minus 15 minutes at any stage of the flight; and
(5) the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (including cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression systems) minus 15 minutes. - C(4) the flight time (at the all engines operating cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the most limiting capability of the cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression system minus 30 minutes at any stage of the flight; and
(5) the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (including cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression systems) minus 30 minutes. - D(4) the flight time (at the all engines operating cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the most limiting capability of the cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression system minus 30 minutes at any stage of the flight; and
(5) the flight time (at a one engine inoperative cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the capability of the most critical time limited system (not including cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression systems) minus 30minutes.
- A(4) the flight time (at the all engines operating cruise speed, correcting for wind and temperature) to the nearest en-route EDTO alternate aerodrome listed in the dispatch release does not exceed the time specified in the aeroplane flight manual for the most limiting capability of the cargo and baggage compartment fire suppression system minus 15 minutes at any stage of the flight; and
18121.977 En-route EDTO alternate aerodrome planning minima: Single precision approach procedure
- ACloud base of 600 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
Visibility of 3,000 m or visibility of 1,500 m more than the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is greater - BCloud base of 800 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
Visibility of 4,000 m or visibility of 1,500 m more than the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is greater - CCloud base of 400 ft or cloud base of 200 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
Visibility of 1,500 m or visibility of 800 m more than the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is greater
- ACloud base of 600 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
19121.977 En-route EDTO alternate aerodrome planning minima: Two or more separate precision-approach-procedure equipped runways
- ACloud base of 400 ft or cloud base of 200 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
Visibility of 1,500 m or visibility of 800 m more than the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is greater - BCloud base of 600 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
Visibility of 3,000 m or visibility of 1,500 m more than the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is greater - CCloud base of 800 ft or cloud base of 400 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
Visibility of 4,000 m or visibility of 1,500 m more than the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is greater
- ACloud base of 400 ft or cloud base of 200 ft above the lowest aerodrome landing minimum, whichever is higher
20121.981 Transition for existing ETOPS
- AFor the purpose of this Part, a holder of an air operator certificate who, immediately before 1 November 2010, was authorised in the certificate holder’s operations specifications to conduct extended-range twin-engine operations (ETOPS) using an aeroplane with 2 turbine powered engines is deemed to be authorised in accordance with Subpart N to conduct an EDTO using the same aeroplane airframe/engine combinations and on the same routes and to the same maximum diversion time as was authorised for ETOPS in the certificate holder’s operations specifications.
- BFor the purpose of this Part, a holder of an air operator certificate who, immediately before 1 September 2008, was authorised in the certificate holder’s operations specifications to conduct extended-range twin-engine operations (ETOPS) using an aeroplane with 2 turbine powered engines is deemed to be authorised in accordance with Subpart N to conduct an EDTO using the same aeroplane airframe/engine combinations and on the same routes and to the same maximum diversion time as was authorised for ETOPS in the certificate holder’s operations specifications.
- CFor the purpose of this Part, a holder of an air operator certificate who, immediately before 10 December 2010, was authorised in the certificate holder’s operations specifications to conduct extended-range twin-engine operations (ETOPS) using an aeroplane with 2 turbine powered engines is deemed to be authorised in accordance with Subpart N to conduct an EDTO using the same aeroplane airframe/engine combinations and on the same routes and to the same maximum diversion time as was authorised for ETOPS in the certificate holder’s operations specifications.
- DFor the purpose of this Part, a holder of an air operator certificate who, immediately before 10 October 2008, was authorised in the certificate holder’s operations specifications to conduct extended-range twin-engine operations (ETOPS) using an aeroplane with 2 turbine powered engines is deemed to be authorised in accordance with Subpart N to conduct an EDTO using the same aeroplane airframe/engine combinations and on the same routes and to the same maximum diversion time as was authorised for ETOPS in the certificate holder’s operations specifications.
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- ATPL Flight Planning (Flight Planning Concepts) Quiz on Definitions and EDTO, created by Andrew Lee on 23/09/2016.
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- Andrew Lee
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