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Feed related toxicoses
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Questions in this quiz (42)
1Some ionophores that cause toxicoses include:
- AMonensin
- BLasalocid
- CSalinomycin
- DNarasin
- EStreptomyces
2Which of the following ionophores is correctly paired with its ion selectivity?
- AMonensin: K > Na; Ca > Mg
- BLasalocid: K > Na; Ca > Mg
- CSalinomycin: K > Na; Ca > Mg
3Ionophores are used therapeutically as coccidostats in pigs and feed additives in cattle.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4Which species has the lowest LD50 for a single dose of Monensin?
- Ahorse
- Bsheep
- Cswine
- Ddog
- Ecattle
- Fgoat
5Monensin toxicity synergism in cattle with concurrent exposure to macrolide antibiotics is problematic because:
- ATaken together, they form an intermediate neurotoxin that causes acute renal failure in affected animals.
- BMonensin inhibits cytchrome P450 enzymes.
- CThe antibiotics inhibit cytchrome P450 enzymes.
- DIn combination, they cause metastatic mineralization and eventual death in affected animals.
6Of the species listed, which species is the LEAST susceptible to monensin toxicosis?
- Ahorse
- Bcattle
- Cchicken
- Dswine
- Esheep
7Which species is monensin toxicosis primarily a problem for?
- Ahorse
- Bsheep
- Cgoat
- Dcattle
- Edog
- Fswine
8The LD50 of monensin for cattle is more than 15x higher in cattle than horses.
- ATrue
- BFalse
9In ruminants, ionophores can have a therapeutic OR a toxic effect. The therapeutic MOA is as follows:
- Afavor growth of bacteria that produce more butyric acid that can be utilized as an energy source.
- Bfavor growth of bacteria that produce more propionic acid that can be utilized as an energy source.
- Cfavor growth of bacteria that can convert urea to protein be utilized as an energy source.
- Dfavor growth of bacteria that produce more acetic acid that can be utilized as an energy source.
10The toxic mechanism of action of monensin in cattle affects which body system(s)?
- Acardio
- Bgastrointestinal
- Cmusculoskeletal
- Durogenital
- ECNS
11Some other effects of ionophores include:
- Afree radical formation
- Blipid peroxidation
- Csaponification of fat
- Dcell swelling
- Ecatecholamine release
- Fglucocorticoid release
12You are called out to a farm where several animal have died and others are sick, exhibiting a variety of clinical signs including: diarrhea, anorexia, ataxia and reluctance to walk. A few of the affected animals have brownish urine. The farmer reports that he added an ionophore to their feed about a week ago. On post mortem of a few of the animals, you find a pale heart and bicavitary effusion (hydrothorax and ascites). What species do you think this is?
- Agoat
- Bsheep
- Chorse
- Ddog
- Echicken
13What body systems are affected in dogs/cats with ionophore poisoning?
- Acardio
- BCNS
- Chematopoietic
- Dmusculoskeletal
- Ehepatic
- Frenal
14Which of these clinical signs/lesions resulting from ionophore toxicosis are correctly matched with their affected species?
- Acattle: tachycardia, jugular pulse
- Bhorse: weakness of hind limbs
- Ccattle: pale heart & skeletal muscles; hydrothorax, ascites
- Ddog: pale, flabby heart ; hydrothorax, ascites
- Edog: rear leg skeletal muscle problems
- Fcat: rear leg skeletal muscle problems
15Which one of these is INCORRECT with regards to ionophore prevalence for heart versus skeletal muscle in species?
- AHORSE and cat: heart>skeletal muscle
- BCATTLE and rabblts: heart<skeletal muscle
- CSHEEP, pigs and dogs: skeletal muscle>heart
16In general, which of the following clin path changes can be seen with ionophore toxicosis?
- Aelevated CK, AST, LDH
- Belevated CK, AST, LDH & ALT
- Celevated bilirubin and GGT
- Dincreased LDH & CK in pericardial fluid
- Edecreased serum Ca & K
- Fincreased serum Ca & K
- G+/- decreased serum vit A & E
17EKG abnormalities can be seen with ionophore toxicosis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18Which of these treatment modalities are commonly used for ionophore toxicosis?
- AAC & saline cathartic
- Binduce vomiting
- Cfluids
- Dsteroids
- ENSAIDs
- Fvit E/selenium
- Gstall rest for 6wks
19Gossypol is the toxic principle in blister beetles.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20Which species is most susceptible to blister beetle toxicosis?
- Ahorses
- Bcattle
- Csheep
21Which of these are correctly matched regarding toxicity of cotton seed/cotton seed products?
- Awhole cotton seed: not toxic
- Bcotton seed hulls: not toxic
- Ccotton seed oil: most toxic
- Dcotton seed meal: most toxic
22Cantharadin is:
- Aa hepatoxin
- Bmucosal irritant
- Ca cardiotoxin
- Da neurotoxin
- Ea nephrotoxin
23You are called out to a horse farm where all of the horses kept there have begun showing a variety of these clinical signs: muscle tremors, sweating, colic, FEVER and many are HICCUPING (SYNCHRONOUS DIAPHRAGMATIC FLUTTER). Many have been urinating small amount frequently. The farmer tells you that he recently received a shipment of third cutting alfalfa hay from the southwest that he added to their feed just yesterday. What do you think is making them ill?
- Ablister beetle toxicosis
- Bgossypol toxicity
- CNa poisoning
24What sort of clin path findings do you expect to see in these horses?
- Aincrease PCV/TP
- Bdecreased PCV
- Chypo Ca & hypo Mg
- Dhypo Ca & hyper Mg
- Elow USG
- Fhigh USG
- Gazotemia
- Helevated liver enzymes
25Diuretics are often used in the treatment of both gossopyl and cantharadin toxicosis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
26Who is most susceptible to gossypol?
- Aswine
- Bhorses
- Cmature cattle
- Dlactating cattle
- Elambs
- Fcalves
27Gossypol toxin is cumulative in the body.
- ATrue
- BFalse
28What is the MOA of gossypol?
- Ainhibition of protein and enzyme synthesis
- Binhibition of NaK ATPase--> increased IC Ca
- Cinhibition of ACh
- Dhepatic necrosis
29You are on a farm call where several pigs are who have successfully farrowed in the past are now not conceiving. Some of the other pigs are dyspneic, coughing and thumping (tachypneic). A few months back, the pig farmer added cotton seed meal to their feed. What do you think is causing these signs in these pigs?
- AGossypol
- BCantharidin
- CNa toxicosis
30Which of these may help prevent gossypol?
- Aincrease protein content of diet
- Bkeep cotton seed meal in swine diet <9%
- Cdecrease ferrous sulfate content of diet
- Dlimit cotton seed meal for adult cattle <2lb/hd/day (whole cotton seed <6)
31Which of these agents/syndromes are cardiotoxic?
- Aionophores
- Bselenium def/tox
- Cendotoxins
- Dcantharidin
- Eyew, rhododendron and mount laurel
- Fgossypol
- Gall of the above
- H3 of the above
32What clinical sign can the following substances all cause in dogs?
Low dose bromethalin, 2,4-D, disc dz or trauma, botulism, ionophores, tick paralysis, low dose tremorogen mycotox (Roquefortine) and macadamia nuts- Aseizures
- Bcoma
- Crear leg paresis
- Dvomiting
- Epu/pd
33Misformulation of a diet is the most common cause of Na toxicosis in swine.
- ATrue
- BFalse
34How do dogs usually get Na toxicosis?
- Asalt used as ice melt
- Bsalt given as an emetic
- Csalt fortified supplements or whey
- Dwater deprivation
35Lactating animals are more susceptible to Na toxicosis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
36What are the 2 most common clinical signs seen with Na toxicosis in cattle?
- Arear leg knuckling, blindness
- Bhypertension, dehydration
- Cpu/pd, hematuria
- Dataxia, cardiac arrhythmias
37In which species do you see EOSINOPHILIC CUFFING IN THE BRAIN and encephalomalacia?
- Aswine
- Bcattle
- Csheep
- Ddogs
38In swine, the main clinical signs see with Na toxicosis include:
- Astar gazing
- Bcircling
- Cblindness
- Djaw chomping
- Egoose stepping
39In poultry with Na tox, you may see discharge from the beak, dyspnea, nervousness and paresis or paralysis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
40Which lesions might you see in poultry with Na tox?
- Aascites
- Bgeneralized edema
- Chydropericardium
- Dhemothorax
- Eenteritis
- Fhepatic necrosis
41A client brings in a dog with acute ataxia, vomiting, muscle tremors and pu/pd. She says the dog licked something off the snow outside of their house a few hours ago. What could this be?
- ANa toxicosis
- Bionophore toxicity
- Cethylene glycol tox
- Depilepsy
42This dog should:
- ABe admitted and given SQ fluids TID for a few days.
- BBe admitted and be administered boluses of IV fluids until Na levels decrease.
- CBe admitted and fluids replaced slowly over the course of days.
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- Tox final
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- alikeil1
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- English
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