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Geography Final

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Quiz on Geography Final, created by Ricky Elmendorf on 10/05/2014.
Ricky Elmendorf
Quiz by Ricky Elmendorf, updated more than 1 year ago
Ricky Elmendorf
Created by Ricky Elmendorf almost 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Large waves are generated by
Answer
  • Short fetch
  • Short duration that wind blows in a given
  • Variable wind directions
  • None of these

Question 2

Question
When waves begin to interact with the seafloor this happens
Answer
  • wavelength decreases
  • wave height increasese
  • wave steepness decreases and the wave breaks
  • Both a and b

Question 3

Question
Water moving up the beach after the wave breaks is termed
Answer
  • Surf
  • Backwash
  • breaker
  • swell

Question 4

Question
The effect of the concentration of wave energies on headlands is to
Answer
  • make the coastline more irregular
  • make the coastline straighter
  • produce more sand dunes along the coast
  • erode the bays

Question 5

Question
Groins are usually constructed to
Answer
  • stabilize beaches by lessening erosion
  • to protect boats along the coast
  • to prevent cliff erosion
  • to produce a calm environment along the coast for organisms of the sea

Question 6

Question
Storm surges result in part from
Answer
  • strong winds associated with tsunami
  • high atmospheric pressure along the coast associated with storms
  • low atmospheric pressure along the coast associated with storms
  • all of these

Question 7

Question
Lake waves would be largest when
Answer
  • winds are strong and fetch is short
  • winds are strong and fetch is long
  • winds are weak and fetch is short
  • winds are weak and fetch is long

Question 8

Question
Mid-latitude beaches that have seasonal patterns of erosion and deposition
Answer
  • mostly erode during the summer due to strong waves
  • grow during winter due to sediment deposition associated with stronger waves
  • mostly grow during summer due to sediment deposition associated with weaker waves
  • None of these

Question 9

Question
Dams on rivers supplying sediment to beaches will result
Answer
  • in the growth of the beach
  • in erosion of the beach
  • in growth or erosion of the beach depending on the season and the amount of water released by the dams
  • none of these, dams do not impact beaches

Question 10

Question
These two factors are important in the development of dunes next to beaches
Answer
  • mostly unidirectional winds, sufficient sand supply
  • much vegetation, humid climate
  • desert climate, multidirectional winds
  • desert climate, mostly unidirectional winds

Question 11

Question
These are erosional coastal features
Answer
  • Sea caves
  • tombolos
  • sea cliffs
  • wave-cut platforms
  • a,c, and d

Question 12

Question
Emergent coasts are associated with
Answer
  • uplift related to tectonic activity
  • rising sea level
  • sinking of the land due to tectonic activity
  • All of the above

Question 13

Question
What caused most coastlines to become submerged over the past 10,000 years?
Answer
  • subsidence of land
  • sea level rise
  • growth of icesheets
  • tectonic shifts

Question 14

Question
Which of the following is not a result of coastal deposition?
Answer
  • baymouth bar
  • tombolo
  • sea stack
  • sandspit

Question 15

Question
Regular patterns of smooth, rounded waves are called
Answer
  • breakers.
  • wave ripples.
  • wave trains
  • swells

Question 16

Question
Waves in shallow water that "feel bottom" are ________ and more ________ spaced than the swell they are related to.
Answer
  • taller; closely
  • taller; widely
  • smaller; closely
  • smaller; widely

Question 17

Question
Wave action works to straighten a coast as wave energy focuses around headlands and tends to disperse energy in coves and bays in a process called
Answer
  • longshore current
  • breakers
  • wave refraction
  • tidal bore

Question 18

Question
Particles of sand, gravels, and shells that move along the shore form the
Answer
  • Breakers
  • longshore current
  • beach drift or longshore drift
  • translation effects

Question 19

Question
When people go surfing or swimming along a coast, they often find—after spending time in the water—that they are no longer in the area in which they first entered the water. In other words, they find that they have moved downshore, even though they did not deliberately move in that direction. This occurs because of
Answer
  • tsunamis
  • beach drift
  • longshore currents
  • tidal currents

Question 20

Question
Which of the following is false regarding tsunamis?
Answer
  • They can travel at a speed of several hundred miles per hour
  • They have very long wavelengths in the open ocean
  • They are very tall in the open ocean
  • They slow down as they approach shore

Question 21

Question
Which of the following is not an example of an erosional coastal landform?
Answer
  • sea arch
  • barrier spit
  • wave-cut platform
  • notched cliff

Question 22

Question
A terrace is
Answer
  • an uplifted sea stack
  • an uplifted wave-cut platform
  • an erosional surface created by a massive tsunami
  • an uplifted foreshore dune

Question 23

Question
Which of the following is not an example of a depositional coastal landform?
Answer
  • Delta
  • barrier spit
  • bay barrier
  • wave cut platform

Question 24

Question
Which of the following conditions is not conducive to the formation of barrier islands?
Answer
  • tectonically active coasts
  • sediment supply from rivers
  • low tidal range
  • presence of continental shelf

Question 25

Question
Sea level rise associated with global warming should be expected to:
Answer
  • Increase rates of sediment delivery to deltas
  • Increase rates of coastal erosion
  • Decrease rates of longshore sediment transport
  • Increase deposition on coastal dunes

Question 26

Question
Tectonic Forces
Answer
  • Erode the surface of the Earth
  • Warm, fold, and uplift rock
  • Control soil formation processes
  • Form sedimentary rock

Question 27

Question
Linear lakes forming in East Africa because of what
Answer
  • Rifting
  • Subduction
  • Compression
  • Isostatic Uplift

Question 28

Question
Which of the following are located along the mid-ocean ridges?
Answer
  • Volcanoes
  • outcrops of granite
  • old oceanic sediments
  • evaporite deposits

Question 29

Question
The process that describes the depression and rebound of continental crust due to adding or removing weight is called:
Answer
  • continental drift
  • seafloor spreading
  • Plate tectonics
  • Isostacy

Question 30

Question
A spontaneous downslope movement of Earth materials driven by gravity is called
Answer
  • Erosion
  • Weathering
  • Mass movement
  • Diagenesis

Question 31

Question
Rates of erosion are generally greater
Answer
  • flat lowlands
  • Steep Mountains
  • near the mouth of a river
  • in dry desert valleys

Question 32

Question
Landslides occur when
Answer
  • When a threshold is reached
  • the internal friction is overcome by the force of gravity.
  • when driving forces exceed resisting forces
  • All of the above

Question 33

Question
Landslides occur when
Answer
  • When a threshold is reached
  • the internal friction is overcome by the force of gravity.
  • when driving forces exceed resisting forces
  • All of the above

Question 34

Question
Creep involves movement of soil
Answer
  • at a rapid speed
  • At a slow, almost non-distinguishable pace
  • rapidly at first, then slows down
  • slowly at first, then rapidly speeds up

Question 35

Question
What is the discharge of a river with a depth of 0.5 meters, width of 10 meters and a flow velocity of 0.5 meters/second
Answer
  • 2.5 m^3/sec
  • 0.5 m^2/sec
  • 5.0 m^2/sec
  • 25 m^3/sec

Question 36

Question
As the discharge of a stream increases, which of the following also happens?
Answer
  • As the discharge of a stream increases, which of the following also happens?
  • The rate of flow decreases.
  • Channel width increases but channel depth decreases.
  • Width, depth, and velocity all increase.

Question 37

Question
Streams that receive large loads of coarse sediment are likely to have:
Answer
  • a) Narrower channels than streams that receive little sediment
  • b) Steeper channel slopes than streams that receive little sediment
  • c) Frequent large waterfalls
  • d) Straight rather than meandering channels

Question 38

Question
Floodplains are formed by
Answer
  • a) Erosion of valley-side bluffs
  • b) Deposition on point bars of meandering streams and by overbank flows
  • c) Repeated floods that erode broad flat surfaces.
  • d) Chemical weathering at the elevation of the water table

Question 39

Question
Which of the following will lead to the development of stream terraces?
Answer
  • a) tectonic uplift which steepens channels
  • b) decreased sediment yield into the stream
  • c) a drop in base level on tributaries of a larger stream
  • d) any of the above

Question 40

Question
The following are all forms of ablation EXCEPT:
Answer
  • a) melting
  • evaporating
  • calving
  • Precipitation

Question 41

Question
) The material in a glacial moraine is usually
Answer
  • a) sorted by weight.
  • b) sorted by size.
  • c) sorted by weight and size.
  • d) unsorted.

Question 42

Question
Which of the following is false regarding the Pleistocene ice sheets in North America?
Answer
  • a) At their maximum, they extended only to the present-day Canadian border.
  • b) Their maximum thickness was about 2 km (1.2 mi).
  • c) They dramatically altered the landscape of much of the U.S.
  • d) The edges of the ice sheets were not even; rather, they were characterized by ice lobes that formed curved edges.
  • e) They disappeared by 7,000 years ago.

Question 43

Question
The average density of the Earth is 5.5 g/cm3 ; whereas the average density of the continental crust is 2.7 g/cm3 and oceanic crust is 3.3 g/cm3 . Which statement best explains the discrepancy between the densities of the Earth’s crust versus the overall
Answer
  • the deeper layers of the Earth are made up of heavier elements such as iron, nickel, and magnesium
  • b) the sun’s effect on the density of the Earth’s crust has not been calculated
  • c) these numbers change with every earthquake occurrence
  • d) adding the moon’s density to the density of the continental and oceanic crusts adds up to Earth’s average density

Question 44

Question
At which of the following locations does subduction occur?
Answer
  • a) along collision zones between two continents
  • b) at sea floor spreading zones
  • c) above mantle hot spots
  • d) along collision zones between continental and oceanic plates
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