CHAPTERS SUMMARY

ELEMENTS

• 
• Caption: THE PERIODIC TABLE

WHAT ARE ATOMS

• EVERY SUBSTANCE IN THE UNIVERSE IS MADE UP OF BUILDING BLOCK KNOWN AS ATOMS. THERE ARE ONLY 118 ATOMS BUT CAN BE ARRANGED IN DIFFERENT COMBINATION TO CREATE COUNTLESS TYPES OF DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES. ELEMENTS ARE SUBSTANCES THAT ARE MADE UP OF JUST ONE TYPE OF ATOM, THERE ARE ONLY 118 ATOMS. 92 OF THEM ARE NATURAL AND 26 ARE MAN MADE.
• 
• Caption: PICTURE OF AN ATOM

JUST HOW SMALL IS A ATOM

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I (Embed)
• Caption: HOW SMALL IS AN ATOM

WHAT ARE ATOMS

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1RMV5qhwyE (Embed)

TYPES OF ELEMENTS

• ELEMENTS CAN BE BROADLY CLASSIFIED IN TO METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC. METALLIC ARE TEND TO BE SHINY, CONDUCT HEAT AND ELECTRICITY, CAN BE BENT AND DRAWN IN TO WIRES. NON-METALLIC TEND TO BE DULL, DO NOT CONDUCT HEAT OR ELECTRICITY, BREAK OR CRUMBLE WHEN YOU BEND THEM (BRITTLE)
• 
• Caption: METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC

TYPES OF ATOMS

• AS SINGLE ATOMS KNOW AS MON
• ATOMIC
• IN CLUSTERS OF ATOMS CALLED MOLECULES
• IN LARGE GRID LIKE STRUCTURES CALLED LATTICES
• 

WHAT ARE COMPOUNDS

• In chemistry, a compound is a substance that results from a combination of two or more different chemical element s, in such a way that the atom s of the different elements are held together by chemical bonds that are difficult to break.
• 
• Caption: MOLECULES

WHAT ARE MIXTURES

• MANY
• OF THE SUBSTANCES USED EVERY DAY ARE NOT SIMPLY CLEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS
• BUT ARE MIXTURES OF ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS. AIR FOR EXAMPLE IS A MIXTURE
• OF THE ELEMENT OXYGEN AND NITROGEN WITH COMPOUNDS SUCH AS WATER VAPOUR,
• CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE. IN MIXTURES THE ONLY DIFFERENCE IS
• THAT THEY ARE NOT CHEMICALLY JOINED
• 
• Caption: HERE IS A GOOD EXAMPLE EXPLAINING THE DIFFERENCE

TYPES OF MIXTURES

• GASEOUS MIXTURES
• WHEN 2 GASES MIX TOGETHER
• THE PARTICLES OF GAS ARE SEPARATED BY LARGE DISTANCES
• 2. LIQUID MIXTURES
• WHEN 2 LIQUIDS MIX TOGETHER
• 3. ALLOYS
• ARE MIXTURE OF METALS OR NON METALLS
• 

EXPLAINED MIXTURES

HOW SMALL IS AN ATOM

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lNF3_30lUE#t=51.640838 (Embed)

THE ATOMIC THEORY OF MATTER

• The word "atom" is derived from the Greek word "atomos", meaning indivisible.
• The philosopher Democritus (460-370 B.C.) believed that matter was composed
• of fundamentally indivisible particles, called "atomos".
• Dalton's atomic theory of 1803:
• Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
• All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements
• are different and have different properties (including different masses)
• Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical
• reactions; atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions
• Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given
• compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms.
• Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter; they are the smallest
• units of an element:
• An element is composed of only one kind of atom
• In compounds the atoms of two or more elements combine in definite
• arrangements
• Mixtures do not involve the specific interactions between elements
• found in compounds, and the elements which comprise the mixture can be
• of varying ratios

FLASH CARDS

• elements
• Unit 1.2 Compounds
• UNIT 1.3 FLASH CARDS
• 
• Caption: EVERY THING IS MADE UP OF ATOMS