Karteikarten
Energy systems
Karten in diesem Stapel (16)
- 1Metabolism= sum of all chemical reactions in the body
anabolic/ catabolic pathways
70% BMR
10% digestion
20% exercise - 2ENERGY= capacity to do work
potential inc. chemical energy in bonds in food
OR
kinetic - 31 kcal4.2kJ
- 4Law of thermodynamicsenergy cannot be created or destroyed
net heat supplied to system = net work done by system - 5ATPadenosine triphosphate
=universal energy currency - 6~ breakdown of ATPADP + P + energy
reversible reaction - 7~ free ATPsmall ATP store in muscle = 8mmol/kg wet weight of muscle
power exercise for 2 seconds
energy from phosphate bonds - 8*PHOSPHAGEN SYSTEM*ATP/PCr
delivers most ATP for up to 6s
explosive, short activities - 25m swim, 100m sprint etc
phosphocreatine split into creatine and a free phosphate by action of enzyme creatine kinase >> releases energy which can be used to recycle ATP - 9Creatine supplementationcan't increase creatine stores in muscle and liver
creatine upper limit 150-160mmol/kg of dried muscle
any more is excreted in urine
if low levels of creatine taking more is shown to increase recovery of phosphocreatine
measure low creatine levels using muscle biopsy - 10*GLYCOLYSIS*lactic acid system
in cytosol
breaks glucose into 2 pyruvate produces net 2 ATP - 11~ key enzymephosphofructokinase
- 12~ lactatepyruvate can form lactic acid
this dissociates into lactate and H+ - 13~ why lactate risesimbalance of production vs removal
>increase in sympathetic activity and adrenaline release during exercise increases PFK activity
>increase in ADP and Pi from dephosphorylation
>increase in fast twitch muscle fibre recruitment - 14*AEROBIC SYSTEM*carbohydrate metabolism
pyruvate oxidised to form acetyl CoA which enters Krebs cycle
catalysed by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex - 15Krebs cycle= catabolic energy transfer
acetyl coA substrate broken down to form H+ and CO2
net 2 ATP from 1 molecule of glucose - 16Chemiosmosiselectron transport chain
redox reactions generate enough energy to pump hydrogen ions into space between inner and outer membrane of mitochondria
hydrogen ions build up and then flood back into inner membrane >>
generates energy used to join ADP and free P >> ATP
1 molecule of glucose >> 34 ATP
final reaction - hydrogen and oxygen combines >> H2O
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- degree YEAR 1 (MED 123) Karteikarten am Energy systems, erstellt von Emily H am 03/04/2021.
- Erstellt von
- Emily H
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