Karteikarten
3.4 Organic Analysis
Karten in diesem Stapel (13)
- 1How to test for primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols? (4)•Add 10 drops of alcohol to 2cm^3 of acidified potassium dichromate solution in test tube
•Warm mixture in a hot bath
•With primary and secondary alcohols solution will change from orange to green
•No reaction with tertiary alcohols - 22 ways to test for a primary alcohol?•Oxidise an alcohol under reflux. If it tests positive for being a carboxylic acid, it's a primary alcohol
•Oxidise an alcohol under distillation conditions. If it tests positive for being an aldehyde then it is a primary alcohol - 31 way to test for a secondary alcohol?Oxidise an alcohol under reflux. If it tests positive for being a ketone, it is a secondary alcohol
- 42 ways to test for aldehydes and ketones?•Fehlings solution
•Tollens reagent - 5How to use Fehlings solution to test for aldehydes or ketones? (4)•Add 2cm^3 Fehlings to a clear test tube
•Add 5 drops of the aldehyde or ketone
•Put test tube in hot water bath for a few mins
•Should change reduce from a blue precipitate to a brick red precipitate - 6How to make Tollens reagent? (3)•Put 2cm^3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution in a test tube
•Add a few drops of dilute sodium hydroxide solution to form brown precipitate
•Add drops of dilute ammonia solution until the brown precipitate dissolves completely (Tollens reagent is now formed) - 7How to use Tollens reagent to test for aldehydes or ketones? (2)•Add to aldehyde or ketone and warm in a water bath
•Silver ions in Tollens reagent will reduce to silver metal if an aldehyde is present - 8How to test for carboxylic acids? (3)•Add 1 small spatula of solid sodium carbonate to 2cm^3 of the solution to test
•Bubble the gas produced through limewater
•If it turns cloudy then carbon dioxide is present - 9How to test for alkenes? (3)•Add 2cm^3 of bromine water to 2cm^3 of the sample
•Shake
•Should change from orange to colourless - 102 things mass spectrometry can be used for?•Finding the Mr of a compound
•Finding the molecular formula of a compound - 11How does infrared spectroscopy work?•Beam of IR radiation is passed through a sample. IR radiation is absorbed by the covalent bonds in the molecules, increasing their vibrational energy. Different bonds absorb different frequencies
- 12What is the fingerprint region?Between 1000 and 1550cm^-1 wavenumbers. Unique to a particular compound. Can check this region against the IR of known compounds to identify it
- 13How can IR be used to determine how good a greenhouse gas is?The more IR radiation a molecule absorbs, the more effective they are as a greenhouse gas
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- AS level AS Chemistry (Unit 3: Organic) Karteikarten am 3.4 Organic Analysis, erstellt von Tania Parvaiz am 01/06/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Tania Parvaiz
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