Karteikarten
chapter 10
Karten in diesem Stapel (26)
- 1Intelligencemental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
- 2Intelligence Testa method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes
and comparing them with those of others, using numerical
scores. - 3General Intelligencea general intelligence factor that, according
to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test. - 4Factor Analysisa statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related
items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score. - 5Savant Syndromea condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
- 6Creativitythe ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
- 7Emotional Intelligencethe ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.
- 8Mental Agea measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.
- 9Stanford-Binetthe widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test.
- 10Intelligence Quotient (IQ)defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ = ma/ca × 100). On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
- 11Achievement Testa test designed to assess what a person has learned.
- 12Aptitude Testa test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.
- 13Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.
- 14Standardizationdefining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.
- 15Normal Curve(normal distribution) a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean, or average (about 68 percent fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes.
- 16Reliabilitythe extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting.
- 17Validitythe extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. (See also content validity and predictive validity.)
- 18Content Validitythe extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.
- 19Predictive Validitythe success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. (Also called criterion-related validity.)
- 20Cohorta group of people from a given time period.
- 21Crystallized Intelligenceour accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.
- 22Fluid Intelligenceour ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to
decrease during late adulthood. - 23Intellectual Disabilitya condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound. (Formerly referred to as mental retardation.)
- 24Down Syndromea condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
- 25Heritabilitythe proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.
- 26Stereotype Threata self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.
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- Karteikarten am chapter 10, erstellt von Maddie Fisher am 12/02/2018.
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