Karteikarten
globalisation
Karten in diesem Stapel (30)
- 1Define global shiftThe movement of the global economic centre of gravity to
Asia - 2Define globalisationGlobalisation is the process by which the world has become more interconnected resulting from the increase in trade, financial flows, global communication and migration.
- 3What are the advantages of globalisation?1) Increase in competition results in a decrease in price
2) Free trade
3) Communication is much easier (e.g social media)
4) Decrease in poverty as more employment through TNCs
5) Countries become more tolerant over other countries
6) Keeps the peace between countries
7) Unknown countries are exposed to the world
8) More advanced technology available making knowledge easily transferable - 4What are the disadvantages of globalisation?1) Exploitation of less developed as workers are paid less
2) Western culture becoming more dominant
3) Countries don't have enough resources to become part of the trade market so remail poor
4) Spread of diseases
5) Terrorism - 5Lengthening of global connection
- 6What factors affect globalisation?1) Transport
2) Comunication
3) TNCs
4) International organisational
5) Trade
6) Tourism - 7Define Time-Space Compression/ Shrinking World.The idea that distant places feel closer and take less time to reach. This links to the flow of capital, goods and services, information and people.
- 8Development in ICTs● Internet users (as % of world total) in 1990 was the greatest in North America compared to any other country however by 2002 the internet users increased globally
● The mobile broadband users in America and Europe is greater compared to Africa and Asia. This is because in LEDCs people can't afford such technology. - 9M-Pesa case study●M-Pesa is a mobile phone-based money transfer that was launched in Kenya in 2007
● It has since expanded to Mozambique and Eygpt but its main markets are in Tanzania, Afghanistan, South Africa and India
● Through M-Pesa users can: ➢ Withdraw and deposit money
➢ transfer money to other users
➢ pay bills
➢purchase airtime
● - 10What are LDCs?-Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
-Around 50 countries
-Very low incomes
-Poor health
-Low education
-Economic instability
-Heavily in debt to richer countries - 11What are LEDCs?-Less Economically Developed Countries have started to develop their economies
-Increasing GDP, calorie intake per day,
-Decreasing birth rates and death rates.
E.g. Egypt, Namibia - 12What are NICs?-Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs)
-Rapidly growing economies (not LEDCs or MEDCs)
-Often been a recent move from a mostly agricultural economy to one involving manufacturing and exporting
-The term was originally used for the Asian ‘Tiger’ economies of Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan. - 13What are MEDCs?-More Economically Developed Countries have highly developed economies.
-High calorie intakes and GDP.
-Birth and death rates are low - 14What is OECD?-The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
-34 of the richest and most powerful countries, for example the USA, Sweden, and Australia
-Aim to provide solutions to economic, environmental and social issues
-Members of the OECD are always changing too, - 15What is the G8?-The top eight of the OECD are called the G8 (the “Group of 8”), one of the world’s most powerful and wealthy groups
-It’s made up of: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, USA and the UK - 16What is the G20?-Has 23 members, all from the developing world
-Formed in 2004
-Focuses on agricultural trade - 17What are the BRICs?-The ‘BRICs’ countries are Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. They are in the same group as they all have newly advanced economic development.
-They are middle income countries, which are becoming high income countries. - 18What are the barriers to trade?They discourage trade between countries and encourage protectionism (the method of protecting a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition).
- 19Which are the barriers to trade?Tariffs = a tax placed on goods that are imported from other countries
Quotas = a limit placed on the number of goods that are imported from other countries
Embargo = a ban placed on certain goods imported from other countries
Subsidies = a sum of money granted by the government to help an industry or business keep the price of goods low. - 20What are trading blocs?Trading blocs are countries which group together to improve their economic interests and trading patterns.
- 21Which are the trading blocs?-NAFTA
-EU
-ASEAN
-Mercosur
-OPEC - 22NAFTA-North American Free Trade Agreement
-USA, Mexico, Canada
-Population = 472m
-Combined GDP (PPP) = $20.2tn - 23ASEAN-Association of South East Asian Nations
-10 countries, formed in 1967
-Combined population of 625 million
-Combined GDP (PPP) = $3.6tn
-Seventh largest economy in the world - 24Mercosur-Mercosur : “Southern Common Market”
-Six full members
-Population = 289m
-GDP(PPP) = $4tn - 25OPEC-The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a group of 12 major oil-producing countries
-African OPECs: Algeria, Angola, Libya, Nigeria
-South American OPECs: Ecuador, Venezuela
-Middle East OPECs: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (UAE) - 26EU-Population = 508 million
-GDP (PPP) = $19tn
-Free trade zone
-Common currency (Euro)
-Free migration across borders
-Judicial system
-Parliament
-Humans Rights Act
-Health and Safety Legislation
-Cultural links - 27Which are the Global Organisations?-WTO
-IMF
-World Bank - 28WTOWorld Trade Organisation
-Aims for free trade between all members
-Tries to do this by removing barriers to trade
-161 members - 29IMFInternational Monetary Fund
- To promote international economic cooperation, trade, and employment.
-188 members pay money into it which is used to give loans to member nations for infrastructure projects / financial help (Greece)
-Currently holds approximately $755bn - 30World Bank-End extreme poverty by decreasing the percentage of people living on less than $1.25 a day
-Promote shared prosperity by fostering the income growth of the bottom 40% for every country
-Provide low-interest loans to developing countries, works closely with the UN
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- Geography (Globalisation) Karteikarten am globalisation , erstellt von Khushbu Chagane am 01/05/2018.
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