Karteikarten
Unit 1: Chemistry
Karten in diesem Stapel (38)
- 1Define atomThe smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element
- 2Define elementA substance made of only one type of atom
- 3Define compoundA substance made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded together
- 4Define moleculeA substance made of more than one atom chemically bonded together (can be atoms of the same type!)
- 5Define mixtureA substance made of more than one thing not chemically bonded together
- 6State the three subatomic particlesProtons, neutrons, electrons
- 7State the masses of the subatomic particlesProtons: 1, neutrons: 1, electrons: 0
- 8State the relative charges of the subatomic particlesProtons: +1, neutrons: 0, electrons: -1
- 9How are the subatomic particles arranged in an atom? (3 marks)Protons and neutrons in the nucleus, electrons orbiting in shells
- 10What is the plum pudding model of the atom?A ball of positive charge with negative electrons studded into it
- 11What did the gold foil experiment prove?That atoms have dense nucleuses with a positive charge
- 12What is the atomic number of an atom?The number of protons in an atom
- 13What is the mass number of an atom?The number of protons + the number of neutrons in an atom
- 14How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?Mass number - atomic number
- 15How are the electrons arranged in atoms?Orbiting the nucleus in shells
- 16How many electrons can go in the first shell?2
- 17How many electrons can go in the second and third shells?8
- 18What are groups in the periodic table?The columns, numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 0
- 19What can the group tell you about the electrons in an atom?How many electrons in the outer shell. E.g. carbon is in group 4 so has 4 electrons in the outer shell
- 20What are periods in the periodic table?The rows in the periodic table
- 21What can the period tell you about the electrons in an atom?How many shells an atom has. E.g. carbon is in the second period so has two shells
- 22Why did Mendeleev put some elements in groups?Because they had similar chemical properties (e.g. they reacted violently with water)
- 23Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his periodic table?For elements that had not been discovered yet
- 24What is an ion?an atom which has lost or gained an electron
- 25How many electrons does calcium have?20 (same as atomic number!)
- 26How many electrons does silicon have?14 (same as atomic number!)
- 27How are the electrons in sulphur arranged?2.8.6 (18 electrons total)
- 28How are the electrons in magnesium arranged?2.8.2 (12 electrons total)
- 29How many electrons are in the outer shell of boron?3 (it is in group 3!)
- 30How many electrons are in the outer shell of phosphorous?5 (it is in group 5!)
- 31How many electrons are in the outer shell of sodium?1 (it is in group 1!)
- 32An element has three shells and three electrons in the outer shell. What element is it?Aluminium (group 3, period 3
- 33How many electrons are in the outer shell of Gallium?3 (it is in group 3!)
- 34How is the relative atomic mass of an isotope calculated?Multiply each mass number by the abundance (%) of each and divide by 100
- 35What is an isotopeAtoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
- 36Do isotopes react in the same way?Yes, because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell
- 37How did Dobereiner organise the elements?In triads such as sodium, potassium and lithium with similar properties
- 38How did Newlands organise the elements?In groups of 8 called octaves. Each 8th element had similar properties
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- GCSE Core Science Karteikarten am Unit 1: Chemistry, erstellt von Greg Ciolek am 10/10/2018.
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- Greg Ciolek
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