Karteikarten
CPU
Karten in diesem Stapel (24)
- 1What is a CPU?The CPU (Central processing Unit) is the main processor unit in the computer. It processes all the data and instructions that make a system work.
- 2What are the three types of cache?L1- quickest but has the lowest capacity.
L2- slower than L1 but can hold more.
L3- slower than L2 but can hold more. - 3What does the control unit do?The Control Unit is the overall control of the CPU. It’s main job is to process instructions by following the fetch-decode-execute-cycle. It controls the flow of data within the CPU and outside of the CPU(to memory and input/output devices.)
- 4What does the ALU do?The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) does all the calculations needed. It completes all addition, subtraction, division and multiplication. It also performs logic operations such as AND, OR and NOT and binary shifts. It also contains the accumulator register.
- 5what's cache?The cache is a fast memory. It’s slower than the register however, it’s faster than the RAM. It’s volatile and so it can store data temporarily. When the CPU requests data, it checks the cache if the data is already stored. Cache has a very low capacity hence it only stores data temporarily.There are three types of levels of cache memory.
- 6What do the main components of the CPU do?A piece of information is inputted and it goes straight to the CPU. The CPU sends this instruction to the main memory(RAM) to check if this instruction has been stored. If it has been recognized, it gets outputted. However, if this hasn’t been stored, it then heads back the CPU. From here, the instruction is sent to the secondary storage(Hard drive) and if the instruction is found, it gets outputted.
- 7How many memory registers are there?There are two.
MAR and MDR. - 8What does the MAR do?MAR holds the address of the current instruction being executed. The MAR knows the locations of the data to be accessed. It also keeps track of where it is located. The MAR is different to the program counter because MAR is responsible for location rather than instruction.
- 9What does the MDR do?MDR stores the actual data that is processed at the time. The MDR acts as a buffer and holds data that is copied from RAM ready for the Control Unit(CU) and processes it. When the CU is ready for the data it gets it from the MDR.
- 10what does the CU do and what does it stand for?It coordinates and controls all operations carried out by the computer(Fetch-decode-execute). It controls and monitors hardware that it attached. It controls input and output of data(fetch-execute) and controls the flow of data within the CPU.
- 11What two operations does the ALU carry out?Logic Operations
Arithmetic Operations - 12What does the fetch-decode-execute cycle do?Fetch- The CPU fetched the data from the main memory (RAM)
Decode- This is then decoded by the CU to carry out the instruction correctly. During this time, the program counter is incremented to point to the next instruction.
Execute- This could be in the form of loading more data from the memory, performing Arithmetic operations or logic operations on data or storing it somewhere else. - 13What are three things that can affect the performance of the CPU?Number of Cores- The number of duplicate processors linked together on a single chip.
Cache size- super fast working memory.
Clock speed- cycles per second measurement in hertz. - 14What is clock speed?It is the speed that the processor operates.
It’s measured in hertz(HZ).
It is the number of cycles per second.
The faster the clock the more instructions are fetched-decoded and executed in one second. - 15What things that multi-core processors have that can affect a computer?The number of cores affects the performance of a computer.
More cores, more instructions processed at the same time with their own fetch decode execute cycle.
Dual cores = two processors working together.
Dual core = twice the power but doesn’t always perform twice as fast / depends on software and hardware.
Quad cores has 4 linked processors. - 16What are benefits of cache?Level 1 cache is most used by the CPU.(instantly available)
Most system other data needed by the CPU is accessed from level 2.
Reduces time, the CPU has to wait for data from main memory.
The size of level 2 cache is a major factor in determining the performance of the CPU. - 17memory levels in order.1 bit (holds two values, 1 and 0)
4 bits make a nibble
8 bits make a byte
1000 bits make a kilobyte
1000 kilobytes make a megabyte
1000 megabytes make a gigabyte
1000 gigabytes make a terabyte - 18What are examples of primary storage?This includes main memory, RAM and ROM.(RAM- random access memory)(ROM-Read only memory)
RAM is a form of volatile memory. This means once the power source is turned off, the memory is wiped. This means it is a temporary storage device.
ROM is non volatile memory which means when the power is turned off, memory is still stored. - 19What's virtual memory?Virtual memory is part of the hard drive used as an extension for RAM.
Access to programs and data stored on virtual memory is clearly slower than getting it from the actual RAM.
On top of this, your computer must now spend time calculating what data should be moved from main memory to virtual memory and vice versa to perform additional copying tasks. - 20Name 5 examples of secondary storage.Hard disk drive
Pen drive (SSD and HDD)
DVD’s
CD’s
USB flash drive - 21How does flash memory work?Large electric circuit used to force electrons through a barrier and trap them on the other side.
They remain on the other side until “flashed” with a new current, hence the name.
Flash drives (SSD) aren’t used for long term storage due to unknown consequences. - 22What's some advantages of cloud storage?Can be accessed anywhere with an internet connection
Doesn’t take up local storage - 23What are some disadvantages of cloud storage?No internet connection, no access
Servers go down, no access - 24What does K.M.G.T stand for? *TO remember, Kante makes good tackles.It stands for
K-kilo
M-mega
G-giga
T-terra
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am CPU, erstellt von mohammed valli am 10/07/2019.
- Erstellt von
- mohammed valli
- Aufrufe
- 0
- Bewertung