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Computing Science Paper 1
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- 1The Purpose Of The CPUThe CPU processes all of the data and instructions needed in order for the system to work.
- 2What Is Meant By A 2GHz ProcessorA processor with a clock speed of 2GHz can carry out two billion fetch, decode and execute cycles per second.
- 3What Is Meant By A Quad Core CPUA quad core CPU means the processor has four independent cores that read and execute CPU instructions.
- 4The Purpose Of Cache In A CPUStores regularly used data so that the CPU can access it quickly the next time it is needed.
- 54 Main Registers That Are Used By Von Neumann Architecture1. The Program Counter (PC)
2. The Accumulator
3. The Memory Address Register (MAR)
4. The Memory Data Register (MDR) - 6Define An Embedded SystemA computer built into another device. for example a dish washer, Microwave and washing machine
- 7Advantages Of Embedded Systems1. Easy to design
2. Cheap to produce
3. Dedicated to a single task making them more efficent - 8How Can Cache Improve the Performance of the CPUIt is faster access memory than RAM, since it is on the same chip as the processor, The more cache the CPU has, the less time the computer spends accessing slower main memory and as a result programs may run faster.
- 9How Can Increasing The Clock Speed Improve The Performance Of The CPUThe higher the clock speed, the greater the number of instructions that can be carried out per second.
- 10What Is The Task Of The Control UnitIt is the overall control of the CPU, it executes program instructions by following the fetch, decode and execute cycle. It controls the flow of data inside and outside of the CPU.
- 11What Is The Task Of The Arithmetic Logic UnitIt completes simple addition and subtraction, compares the size of numbers and can do multiplications and divisions using repeated addition and subtraction. It preforms logic operations such as AND, OR and NOT as well as binary shifts.
- 12What Is The Purpose Of The Program Counter (PC)It hold the memory address of the instructions for each cycle
- 13What Is The Purpose Of The AccumulatorIt stores intermediate results of calculations in the ALU
- 14What Is The Purpose Of The Memory Address Register (MAR)It holds any memory ADDRESS about to be used by the CPU. The address might point to data or a CPU instruction
- 15What Is The Purpose Of The The Memory Data Register (MDR)It holds the actual data or instructions. This may have been fetched from memory, or be waiting to be written to memory.
- 16What Is The Difference Between RAM And ROMRAM is volatile (temporary) data whereas ROM is non-volatile (permanent).
RAM can be read and written to whereas ROM can only be read. - 17What Is The Purpose Of RAMRAM is used as the main memory in a computer.
- 18What Is The Purpose Of ROMIt contains all of the instructions a computer needs to properly boot up. These instructions are called the BIOS (Basic input output system)
- 19What Is The Purpose Of Virtual MemoryWhen the RAM is full, the computer moves data that is not in current use to a location in secondary storage known as virtual memory.
- 20Why Is RAM More Efficient Than Virtual MemoryRAM is a lot faster than virtual memory.
- 21What Is Secondary StorageIt is where Non volatile storage of data is kept while it is not in use
- 22What Are The Three Main Storage Technologies1 - Primary Storage
2 - Secondary storage
3 - Tertiary storage - 23What Are Six Characteristics Of Secondary Storage Devices That You Should Consider When Choosing A Device-speed (how quickly data can be accessed)
-cost per storage unit (i.e. price per gigabyte or megabyte)
-durability (toughness)
-portability (how easy it is to move it from one computer to another)
-Noise
-whether it needs defragmentation - 24What Is Flash MemoryFlash memory is a non-volatile type of storage that can be written to and overwritten.
- 25What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Solid State StorageAdv - Fast
-Durable
-Do not require defragmenting
-Silent
Dis - Expensive - 26What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Magnetic StorageAdv - Cheap
- high capacity
- long read/write life
Dis - not durable
- requires defragmentation
- noisy
- not as fast as SSD - 27What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Optical Storage.Adv - Cheap
- portable
- resistant to water and shock
Dis - can be scratched
- not as widely used
- low capacity
- low read/write speeds - 28What Is A Local Area NetworkA LAN is a network of devices that covers a small geographical area, located on a single site.
- 29What Is A Wide Area NetworkA WAN is a network thst connects LANs that are in different geographical locations
- 30What Is The Role Of A Personal Computer In A Client Server Network
- 31What Is The Role Of A Server In A Client Server Networkc
- 32What Is A Peer To Peer Networkc
- 33What Is A Client Server Networkc
- 34What Are Five Items Of Hardware Which Can Be Used To Create A Local Area Networkd
- 35What Are The Advantages Of Using Cloud Storagef
- 36What Are The Disadvantages Of Using Cloud Storagef
- 37What Is An Example Of A URLd
- 38What Is An Example Of An IP Addressd
- 39What Is The System That Matches URLs To IPs On The Webc
- 40What Is Difference Between A URL And An IP Addressc
- 41What Is One Benefit Of Using URLs to Access Websites Instead Of IP Addressese
- 42What Are The Differences Between A Client Server And A Peer To Peer Networkc
- 43What Is The Purpose Of A Router On A Local Area Networkc
- 44What Is A Virtual Network
- 45what are factors that could effect the performance of a network
- 46What Are Advantages Of Using A LAN1. Software can be installed and updated on all computers at once
2. User accounts can be stored centrally so users can log in from any device.
3. The same hardware can be shared i.e printers.
4. all devices can share a internet connection. - 47What Are The Network Hardware Devices That can be used to support wifi connections.
- 48how Is A DNS server used to access a websited
- 49What Are Advantages Of Using A DNS server to access a website
- 50Benefits Of A Virtual Network1. Several Virtual networks can exist on a physical network.
2. Each virtual network has it's own security
3. - 51Advantages And Disadvantages Of A Star networkAdv - If a device fails or a cable is disconnected the rest of the network is unaffected
Dis - If there is a problem with the switch or server the whole network is affected. - 52Advantages And Disadvantages Of A Mesh networkAdv - There is no signal point where the network can fail. if one device fails then the data is sent along a different route to get to it's target
Dis - A lot more expensive to implement than other topology's - 53How Can A Wifi Connection Be Secured
- 54What Is the frequency of a wifi signal
- 55Why Are Different Wifi Channels AvailableWifi performance is affected by interference between networks using adjacent wifi channels. Different wifi channels are available so certain channels that are spaced apart can be used to avoid wifi problems.
- 56What are factors that can affect the signal strength of a wifi connection1. Bandwidth
2. Range
3. Physical Obstructions - 57What Are the events of packet switching
- 58What Is A Network ProtocolA set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted across a network
- 59What is HTTP used forIt is used by web browsers to access websites and communicate with web servers
- 60What is HTTPS used forIt is used by web browsers to access websites and communicate with web servers while encrypting all information sent and received
- 61What Is FTP Used ForIt is used to access, edit and move files between devices on a network
- 62What Is POP3 Used forIt Is Used to retrieve emails from a server. The Server Holds the email until you download it, at which point it is then deleted from the server
- 63What Is IMAP Used ForIt Is Used retrieve emails from a server. The Server Holds The Email until you delete it, you only download a copy.
- 64What Is SMTP Used forUsed To Send Emails, Also used to transfer emails between servers
- 65What Is The Role Of TCPTCP sets the rules for how devices connect on the network. It's in charge of splitting data into packets and reassembling the packets back into the original data once it reaches the receiving device. It also checks if the data is correctly sent and delivered
- 66What Is The Role Of PIt Is responsible for packet switching.
- 67What Is A Protocol LayerA group of protocols with similar functions. each layer is self contained meaning they do their job without needing to know what is happening in other layers. Each layer serves the layer above it.
- 68What Does Layer 4 coverThe Application layer turns data into websites and other applications and vice versa.
- 69Layer 4 protocolsHTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP
- 70What Does Layer 3 CoverThe transport layer controls data flow, e.g. splitting data into packets and checking packets are correctly sent and delivered
- 71Layer 3 ProtocolsTCP
- 72What does layer 2 coverThe Network Layer Makes Connections between networks, directing data packets and handling traffic. It is used by routers
- 73Layer 2 protocolsIP
- 74what does Layer 1 coverThe Data Link Layer passes data over the physical network. It Is Responsible for how bits are sent as electrical signals over cables. wireless and other hardware
- 75Layer 1 protocolsEthernet
- 76What are the advantages of using layers to construct network protocolst
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- Ks3 Computing Karteikarten am Computing Science Paper 1, erstellt von Sarah Burnett am 24/02/2020.
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