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Karteikarten

MATTER

Begoña Tejero Ariño Magisterio Spanisch 39 Karten

SOLIDS

Karten in diesem Stapel (39)

  1. 1MATTERIs everything around us that has mass and takes up space, for example, rocks, living things, water or the air we breathe. Matter has general (mass and volume) and specific (density, colour…) properties.MATTER
  2. 2MASSIs the amount of matter in an object. Is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).MASS
  3. 3VOLUMEIs the amount of space that an object occupies. Is measured in litres (l) or milliliters (ml). Cubic centimetres (cm3) can also be used to measure volume. 1 cm3 is equal to 1 ml.VOLUME
  4. 4LIQUIDSThe volume of liquids is measured in measuring cylinders. The value of the measuring line of the cylinder is the volumeLIQUIDS
  5. 5SOLIDSThe volume of regular-shaped solids is calculated with simple mathematical formulas. The volume of irregular-shaped solids is calculated by the water displacement method.SOLIDS
  6. 6DENSITYRefers to the concentration of matter in a particular volume. We calculate the density of an object by dividing its mass by the volume.DENSITY
  7. 7SINKWhen the density of an object is higher than the density of the liquid, the object sinks.SINK
  8. 8FLOATWhen the density of an object is lower than the density of the liquid, the object floats.FLOAT
  9. 9STATES OF MATTER1. SOLIDS
    2. LIQUIDS
    3. GASES    STATES OF MATTER
  10. 10SOLIDSHave a fixed volume and shape because their atoms are very close together and cannot move. Solid cannot flow or be compressed.
  11. 11SOLIDS have specific properties1. Elastic
    2. Flexible
    3. Fragile
    4. Strong
  12. 12ELASTICIt can be stretched and it returns to its original shape.
    Example: rubber    ELASTIC
  13. 13FLEXIBLEIt can bend and does not break.
    Example: Paper    FLEXIBLE
  14. 14FRAGILEIt can break easily.
    Example: Glass    FRAGILE
  15. 15STRONGIt can support a lot of weight and force without breaking.
    Example: Iron    STRONG
  16. 16LIQUIDSLiquids have a fixed volume, but not a fixed shape because their atoms are further apart than in solids, and can move more freely. Liquids can flow, but cannot be compressed. They can be viscous and volatile.
  17. 17VISCOUSIt does not flow easily.
    Example: Honey    VISCOUS
  18. 18VOLATILEIt evaporates easily.
    Example: Perfumes    VOLATILE
  19. 19GASESGases do not have a fixed volume or shape because their atoms are much further apart and can move more freely than the atoms of liquids. Gases can flow and can be compressed. This means that the mass is the same, but volume decreases.GASES
  20. 20TYPES OF MATTERMatter is made up of one or more substances which, in turn, consist of tiny particles, called atoms.
    - Pure substances: contain only one type of component.
    - Mixtures: contain two or more pure substances.
  21. 21HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURESThe different components can be distinguished.HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
  22. 22HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES OR SOLUTIONSThe different components cannot be distinguished.HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES OR SOLUTIONS
  23. 23METHODS TO SEPARATE MIXTURES1. FILTRATION
    2. EVAPORATION
    3. DECANTATION
    4. DISTILLATION
  24. 24FILTRATIONUsed to separate solids from liquids, or solids with different size particles, in heterogeneous mixtures. The type of sieve or filter used is based on the size of the solid particles.FILTRATION
  25. 25EVAPORATIONUsed to separate solids from liquids in homogeneous mixtures. When the liquid evaporates, the solids remain. This method is used to separate salt from sea water in salt evaporation ponds. We can heat liquids to speed up evaporation.EVAPORATION
  26. 26DECANTATIONUsed to separate substances of different density in heterogeneous mixtures. For example, a decanter can be used to separate a mixture of oil and water.DECANTATION
  27. 27DISTILLATIONUsed to separate liquids that have different boiling points in homogeneous mixtures. The mixture is heated until one of the liquids boils and turns to gas. This gas is condensed back into liquid form and collected.DISTILLATION
  28. 28CHANGES OF STATE1. MELTING
    2. VAPORIZATION
    3. SUBLIMATION
    4. CONDENSATION
    5. SOLIDIFICATION
    6. REVERSE SUBLIMATION    CHANGES OF STATE
  29. 29MELTINGHappens when a solid turns into a liquid, for example, when a metal is heated in a foundry to make different objects. The melting point of water is 0ºC.MELTING
  30. 30VAPORIZATIONOccurs when a liquid turns into a gas. It can happen by:
    - Evaporation: happens slowly and the liquid does not boil, for example, when clothes dry on a clothes line.
    - Boiling: happens fast when a liquid reaches 100ºC, for example, when water boils.    VAPORIZATION
  31. 31SUBLIMATIONHappens when a solid turns into a gas, for example, in air fresheners.SUBLIMATION
  32. 32CONDENSATIONHappens when a gas turns into a liquid, for example, when vapour from a hot shower steams up the bathroom mirror.CONDENSATION
  33. 33SOLIDIFICATIONOccurs when a liquid turns into a solid, for example, when water becomes ice cubes in the freezer.SOLIDIFICATION
  34. 34REVERSE SUBLIMATIONHappens when a gas turns into a solid, for example, when frost forms on a car.REVERSE SUBLIMATION
  35. 35CHEMICAL REACTIONSHappen when the original matter transforms into other new substances. They usually involve the production of gas, light or heat, and/or colour change. And they cannot be reversed or recovered.
  36. 36TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS1. OXIDATION
    2. COMBUSTION
    3. FERMENTATION
  37. 37OXIDATIONWhen some metal substances combine with oxygen in the presence of water.OXIDATION
  38. 38COMBUSTIONWhen substances are burned.COMBUSTION
  39. 39FERMENTATIONHappens in some living things, such as yeast and bacteria.FERMENTATION

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Beschreibung
Magisterio Karteikarten am MATTER, erstellt von Begoña Tejero Ariño am 14/01/2021.
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