Karteikarten
246 L7
Karten in diesem Stapel (11)
- 1Hierarchical network model-Cognitive economy
-Property stored nonredundantly at highest/most general level
EVIDENCE: increasing levels of separation of concepts increased RT - 2Semantic memory experiment methodsSentence verification task
DV:RT - 3Problems with hierarchical network model-RT does not mirror hierarchical relationship
eg. dog is animal < dog is a mammal
-Doesn't predict typicality effects:
Canary is a bird < ostrich is a bird
-Predicts faster negative judgements for closer concepts, but opposite is true
Canary is salmon < canary is ostrich
==Frequency of association model - 4Spreading activation modelactivation of a concept spreads to other concepts linked to it
-Non hierarchical
-Explains lack of hierarchy effect
-Links vary in strength
-Explains typicality
-Explains semantic priming - 5Feature comparison model-Knowledge is represented as distributed features in semantic space
-Multidimensional scaling
-Ss rate how similar pairs of concepts are
eg. sheep-goat, sheep-lion
- data presented across underlying dimensions (can be numerous dimensions ie. size, yellowness etc) - 6Defining chars Vs Characteristic chars (feature comparison model)Defining: essential
Characteristic: less important - 7Linguistic hedgesFeatures represented by predicate noun
ie. "technically" chicken is bird (defining)
"loosely speaking" bad is a bird (characteristic) - 8Feature comparison model: Two-stage decision process1) look at characteristic features, if most are true or false we can quickly decide - if not then:
2) Go to 2nd level and compare defining features
Explains: Typicality effect (on positive decisions)
Similarity effect (on negative decisions) - 9Problems with feature comparisonClear definition of XX characteristics is lacking
- 10Distributed plus hub (Patterson, et al 2007)Delayed copy drawings,
-drew general characteristics of animals minus specific details
=four legged duck
Coloured pumpkin
Summary
-There is a hub for each concept/object along with distributed
modality-specific information
-Why hubs?
-Efficient way of integrating knowledge of specific concepts
-Simplify detection of semantic similarities across concepts which
may differ greatly in modality-specific attributes
-Concept hubs are stored in the anterior temporal lobes (ATL)
-Degeneration of ATL is "invariably evident" in SD patients - 11Interactive activation model1) Feature level
2)Letter level
3)Word level
excitory and inhibitory feedback
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- PSY246 Karteikarten am 246 L7, erstellt von mark k am 15/06/2015.
- Erstellt von
- mark k
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- 8
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