Karteikarten
Chemistry 1
Karten in diesem Stapel (26)
- 1Protons (Charge, mass and location)Protons have a mass of 1, a charge of +1 and are located within the nucleus.
- 2Electrons (Charge, mass and location)Electrons have a mass of 0.005, a charge of -1 and are located within the electron shells.
- 3Neutrons (Charge, mass and location)Neutrons have a mass of 1, a charge of 0 and are located within the nucleus.
- 4AtomsAtoms are the smallest particle possible. Everything in the world is made of them.
They have no charge. - 5ElementsElements contain one type of atom that all have the same number of protons.
- 6CompoundsCompounds are two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
- 7MixturesTwo or more elements or compounds that are not chemically bonded together.
- 8Mass NumberMass Number is the total number of protons and neutrons within an atom. It is the top number of the nuclear symbol.
- 9Atomic NumberThe atomic number is the total number of protons within an atom. It is the bottom number of the nuclear symbol.
- 10IsotopesIsotopes are different forms of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
- 11Equation for relative atomic massRAM=
Sum of (isotopic abundance x isotopic mass number)
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Sum of isotopic abundances - 12Plum Pudding Model (JJ Thompson)Ball of positive charge.
Mass spread throughout.
Electrons scattered throughout.
Dense.
No nucleus, neutrons or shells.
No empty space. - 13Nuclear ModelPositive charge only within the nucleus.
Mass concentrated in the centre.
Electrons are on shells.
Nucleus -> protons and neutrons.
Mostly empty space. - 14Alpha Scattering Experiment (Rutherford's experiment - setup)Radioactive source shot positive alpha particles at thin gold foil.
Detector surrounded the foil to detect where the alpha particles went after being fired. - 15Alpha Scattering Experiment (Rutherford's experiment - results)Most alpha particles past straight through -> atom is mostly empty space.
Some alpha particles were slightly deflected -> positively charged nucleus.
Few alpha particles significantly deflected
-> nucleus is dense. - 16Mendeleev periodic tableSame as John Newland but left gaps
Left gaps for undiscovered elements and predicted their properties
-> In order of atomic weight
-> Similar properties in the same group
-> Put more than one element in one box - 17Modern periodic tableArranged in order of atomic number.
Left side metals whereas right is non-metals.
Group -> Number of electrons in the outer shell.
Period -> Number of shells. - 18Group 1 metals (Properties)Alkali metal + water -> metal hydroxide (alkaline) + hydrogen
Fizz, float and melt in water.
Soft and have low density.
As you go down the group the lower the melting and boiling points. - 19Group 1 metals (Reactivity)Wants to lose 1 electron.
As you go down the group the atomic radii increases as the atom mass increases meaning it is farther from the nucleus attraction and easier to lose an electron. - 20Group 7 halogens (Properties)As you go down the group the melting and boiling points increases.
They are all diatomic molecules.
All non-metals. - 21Group 7 halogens (Reactivity)Wants to gain 1 electron.
As you go down the group the atomic radii increases as the atom mass increases meaning it is farther from the nucleus attraction and harder to gain an electron. - 22Group 0 noble gases (Properties)They are all inert colourless gases.
Boiling points increase as you move down the group along with the relative atomic mass due to stronger intermolecular forces. - 23Simple DistillationUsed to separate a liquid from a solution.
Solution heated and liquid evaporates.
Vapour is cooled, condensed and collected.
Rest of the solution is left behind. - 24Fractional DistillationUsed to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points.
The liquid with the lowest boiling point evaporates and is collected first.
Repeated until you separate the liquids into different fractions. - 25FiltrationSeparates insoluble solids form a liquid.
Filter paper lets liquids pass through but not solids - 26CrystallisationPour solution into evaporating dish and gently heat.
Once crystals start to form leave the solution to cool.
Dry the crystals using filter paper and leave them to dry to form crystals.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- GCSE Chemistry Karteikarten am Chemistry 1, erstellt von Abdul Raffey am 10/06/2021.
- Erstellt von
- Abdul Raffey · Jun 2021
- Aktualisiert
- 10 Jun 2021
- Aufrufe
- 9
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- Erstellt von Abdul Raffey · 9 Jun 2021
- Kopiert von Abdul Raffey · 10 Jun 2021
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