Karteikarten
IT FLASHCARDS
Karten in diesem Stapel (124)
- 1COMMUNICATION- allows people to keep in touch
- moving data like photos, videos, text and audio
e.g. E-mail, instant message, social networking
pros & cons - good for extended families keeping touch
-trolls and cyberbullying - 2REAL-TIME INFORMATION- provides up-to-date info
- for people who need to be constantly updated
e.g. flight updates, train timetables, weather reports
pros & cons - save people time + trouble
- causes damage to public image of companies - 3COMMERCE- commerce = business
- anything that involves money
e.g. online shopping, banking, online auctioning
pros & cons - convenience for home shopping/delivery
- security issues (credit card fraud) - 4GOVERNMENT SERVICES- 'official' public services
e.g. national taxes, e-polling, paying student loans online
pros & cons - reduces government prices bc of less paperwork processed
- not everyone has internet access - 5EDUCATION- workspace training for businesses and learning for schools
e.g. online training courses, online learning (Bitesize)
pros & cons - users can work online at their own pace
- must have Net access - 6ENTERTAINMENT- services for leisure and fun
e.g. catch-up TV services, music streaming sites, radio players
- pros & cons - can be accessed on the move
- need broadband for media services - 7BUSINESS- companies using websites to increase efficiency + save money
e.g. video conferencing apps (Skype, Zoom), online collaborative learning called Intranets (Google Docs)
pros & cons - cuts travel costs
- Intranets are secure with sharing files - 8DOWNLOAD SERVICES- legal download services for games, movies and music
e.g. iTunes for music, App Store for games/ apps
pros & cons - legal, no need to use old fashion method of waiting for DVDs in mail
- need fast internet to download larger files - 9VLE- service that provides virtual classrooms for teachers and students
e.g. Google Classroom
pros & cons - can upload work for feedback & share it
- set up/training costs - 10PayPerClick- advertising type where a smaller company pays a bigger company to display ads for them
- bigger company get percentage of money for every click smaller advert gets
- aka affiliate model - 11SPONSERED LINKS- pay Google to have their company show up at top of search engine
- 12BANNERS- ads put at top of page or down the side so you can't miss them
- 13POP-UPS- ads that popup after you drag the cursor over a certain part of the screen or after clicking on a link
- 14E-MAIL- marketing method that allows ads to be sent straight to the users inbox
- 15WCCTAO: MULTIMEDIA- ads use videos and interactive/animated videos to grab users attention
- 16WCCTAO: TARGETING AND COOKIES- peoples online searches are tracked using a software called Cookies
- sites use them to display ads based on what you were previously searching up + viewed pages - 17WCCTAO: LINKS- method which takes you to the advertisers page after clicking on a photo or image
- 18HACBA: PERSONAL PRIVACY- not everyone is happy/okay with the thought of your search history being monitored
- 19HACBA: ADWARE- type of malware that generates popup ads
- 20HACBA: AUTO-PLAY VIDEO- ads that play as soon as page is loaded
- 21HACBA: DISTRACTION- ads can take your attention away from what you're doing
- 22FILE COMPRESSION- changing how big or small a file is to make it easier to send/upload somewhere
- quality of contents may change - 23INDEX- creates a store of all repeated/cut words
- used to later reassemble the contents to their best quality - 24ALGORITHM- series of instructions which tell a computer how to perform
- 25BENEFITS OF FILE COMPRESSION- saves storage + memory space
- faster uploads + downloads
- helps fit restriction: limit to the amount of data linked to an email - 26ONLINE SOFTWARE - ADVANTAGES- can restore + backup data as its all saved automatically to web severs
- can update automatically
- pay monthly fee instead of higher fixed price
- don't need to buy their owns servers as its saved on online serves which saves money - 27ONLINE SOFTWARE - DISADVANTAGES- need internet connection in order to even use the software
- files are at risk of hackers constantly wanting your files - 28STAND ALONE SOFTWARE - ADVANTAGES- cant be hacked into as easily
- its on your hard-drive so it runs faster + doesn't need internet connection - 29STAND ALONE SOFTWARE - DISADVANTAGES- CD used could be damaged resulting in your data being lost
- 30BACKUP AND RESTORE- backup means to have another copy your files so they an be restored if ever
- 31ADVANTAGES OF COLLABORATIVE WORKING- people can collaborate even if in different countries or cities
- therefore they don't need to travel saving money + helps environment
- only need one version of a document for everyone to edit on - 32IMPORTANCE OF VERSION CONTROL- to show the multiple people working on different documents which one the final/updated document is
- 33LEVELS OF ACCESS- restrictions set upon logins
- allow difffernt levls - 34FILE PERMISSION- settings which control what a user can do to a document
- read: view only
- read/write : view and edit
- full control: also delete - 35ONLINE COMMUNITIES- a network of friends that only exist online
e.g. a social networking site that connects people with similar interests
- some sites need others to be online at the same time e.g. online gaming
- others can interact at different times e.g. VLE - 36BLOG & VLOG- an online journal/vlog that's meant to be updated regularly
- businesses promoting news + product info
- journalists sharing stories - 37MICRO-BLOGGING- a website or app where only short messages are allowed to be exchanged
e.g. Twitter
- friends sharing updates
- celebs in touch with fans-- - 38CHATROOM- an online room of people who have similar interests talking to each other
- professionals who work in the same industry - 39WIKI- a site where people who are authorised can edit information about topics
- teams who want to work on the same type of information
- people with a shared interest - 40PODCASTS- audio or video files usually published in episodes/set segments
- media channels
- business for promotion
- musicians and artists sharing gigs - 41INSTANT MESSAGING- type of communication where both people are online at the same time (live)
- people on social networks
- businesses offering online support to customers - 42NETIQUETTE- a code of behavior for online users to follow
- e.g. avoid UPPER CASE, respect others views online - 43PROFILE- a users online presence
- here, they can decide what to show and what not to - 44AVATAR- an image to represent you
- usually a cartoon character - 45VoIP- a way of communicating real-time over the internet e.g. Skype
- audio and video data is sent back and forth between computers
- computers are connected by IP (internet protocol) addresses
- in business, they're used for 'Video Conferencing' - 46ADVANTAGES OF VoIP- uses internet so no additional costs
- if internet is present, able to connected anywhere
- reduces travel costs, therefore less environmentally damaging
- high quality and great for businesses (Video Conferencing) - 47DISADVANTAGES OF VoIP- can buffer and be slow as it relies on internet
- security threats when exchanging documents
- voice quality can change depending o how good internet is - 48EQUIPMENT NEEDED- webcam either built into device or separate to show video
- mic for audio
-speakers volume boosting
- and headset for audio - 49UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING- use of internet/computing in everyday things we do
- e.g. controlling thermostat from app on phone, being able to turn on lights from phone, GPS's - 50RFID chips- Radio Frequency Identity Chips
- used to identify and monitor products which have them on
- like a barcode
- e.g. things at entrance of store which monitor if product if payed for or not, flap caps that only open for your pet by scanning pets RFID - 51CLOUD COMPUTING- when you use external servers instead of your own hard drive
- external server are known as 'hosts' and known as 'host companies'
- e.g. Dropbox, Google, Microsoft
- can access software, data and storage from this - 52ISP
- 53INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURE/HARDWARE
- 54SERVER- runs special software to serve other computers
- types include file, print, web and email servers - 55CLIENT- the device using the service provided
- e.g. computer you use to access the internet is a client - 56ROUTER- devices that direct data through a network
- are intelligent and try to find the best route - 57BACKBONE- a 'big' cable (usually fiber optic) which connects a large number of devices
- 58ISP CONNECTIONS
- 59ISP- internet service provider
- businesses which provide you with access to the internet - 60POINT OF PRESENCE (PoP)- an access point to the internet
- e.g. ISP's may have multiple PoP's to ensure good access to internet - 61NETWORK ACCESS POINT (NAP)- where different networks interconnect
- e.g. your home network onto the internet - 62DAIL UP CONNECTIONS- wired connection via modem and phone wires
- pros: can use existing phone wires, gives connection where broadband is not available
-cons: can give poor reception, slower than usual methods, converting between analogue and digital can cause errors - 63BROADBAND- wired connection via a broadband supplier
- pros: better speed + reception than dial-up
- cons: wired, so has to be used on stationary computer, broadband may not be available in rural areas - 64WIRELESS- connects without using cables
- pros: not fixed to stationary computer, can be used wherever wireless internet is available
- cons: needs to have wireless internet available, can be less secure than wired, tends to be slower than wired - 65BANDWIDTH TABLE
- 66HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
- a set of rules to exchange files over the internet
- handles the request to load a page up - 67HTTPS- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
- 'S' simply means the site your using is secure and probably wont have any dangers to it - 68FTP- File Transfer Protocol
- used to transfer files to web server
- old method
- may need a password and username to use this though - 69TCP- Transmission Control Protocol
- breaks down data into packets
- assembles packets again once they arrive - 70IP- Internet Protocol
- handles routing of packets
- addresses, sends and and receives packets from the internet - 71WWW
- 72HYPERLINKS- links the client will click on which take you to the website
- 73WEB SERVER- what the website is stored on
- where you get taken after clicking on a hyperlink - 74BROWSER- application which allow you to access the webpage
- 75URL DIAGRAM
- 76URLURL - address for a webpage
protocol - tells the browser what to do with the URL
domain name - name of the website
path - points to a specific page - 77SEARCH ENGINES
- 78CLIENT SIDE- side which is using a device to search for something
- e.g. phone, tablet computer ect - 79SEARCH ENGINES- engines which allow client to search for information on desired topic
- e.g. Google, Bing - 80SERVER SIDE- side which looks for websites containing keywords from the search
- 81SPIDER /WEB CRAWLER- crawlers that search the Web (index) for relevant sites which are constantly updated containing key words
- return with websites for client side - 82INDEX- where all websites are contained
- 83SPONSERED LINK RESULTS- ads leading to other sites that could possibly be relevant to search made
- 84STORE AND FORWARD- when email is sent, its put on hold until recipient is online and received
- 85ADDRESS BOOK/CONTACT GROUP- a book/server containing email addresses of everyone recently emailed or anyone you want to have saved
- 86CC- carbon copy
- copy of email able to send to other people - 87BCC- blind carbon copy
- copy of email which can be sent without recipients seeing any others' emails addresses - 88BENEFITS OF USING EMAIL- can attach multiple files to email
- fast delivery speeds
- can access email anywhere internet connection is available - 89DISADVANTAGES OF USING EMAIL- spam/junk mail
- fake scam emails (Phishing)
- not everyone has email
- attachments can contain viruses - 90SMPT- protocol that handles sending the email
- pushes outgoing email to a server
- if there's a problem sending the email, SMPT will continue to try to push out the email - 91IMAP- protocol that handles receiving the emails
- lets you access emails on your server - 92POP3- also handles receiving the emails
- allows you to download emails from the server
- emails can then be deleted from the server - 93WEBMAIL CLIENT- allows all your messages to stay on the server
- can access emails on multiple devices
- must have internet connection
- slow service - 94EMAIL CLIENT- emails are downloaded to client machine
- can access them even if not online
- client software has more features
- emails lost if computer crashes - 95DATA EXCHANGE DIAGRAM
- 96UTP/STP CABLE- unshielded twisted pair/ shielded twisted pair
- contains pair of copper wires twisted together
pros - cheap, reliable, has protective wrapping around wires
cons - slow, low capacity, used over short distances, vulnerable to interference from other devices - 97COAXIAL CABLE- solid copper wire with thick shielding
- used to connect TV with aerial
pros - reliable
cons - slow, low capacity, used over short distances, vulnerable to noise, thick and physically inflexible - 98FIBRE OPTIC CABLE- strands of glass carrying data as light
- used for backbone of network
pros - fats, used over long distances, little interferences
cons - used for backbone of network - 99INFRARED- uses infrared light to transfer data
pros - reliable
cons - short range, devices must be in line of sight, can suffer from interference - 100BLUETOOTH- uses waves with short wavelengths to transmit data
pros - good for medium distances
cons - can suffer from interference from other devices - 101SATELLITE- use satellites in space to transfer data between places on earth
e.g. GPS
pros - good for very long distances
cons - very expensive - 102NETWORK INTERFACE CARD- hardware to receive wireless signals
- built into modern day devices
e.g. phones, tablets
- needs to connect to a NAP - 103NETWORK ACCESS POINT- where different networks connect
e.g. your home - 104DATABASES- a structured collection of data
- TABLES store data e.g. details of all students
- RECORDS are one row storing data of an individual item e.g. a single students details
- FIELDS are rows of data e.g. forename, gender, DOB
- THE PRIMARY KEY is a special field with a key identifier e.g. student ID - 105DATA TYPES- TEXT any letters or numbers e.g. LK45F9
- NUMBER numerical values e.g. 1.7
- DATE/TIME date or times e.g. 01/03/21
- BOOLEAN one of two values e.g. yes/no - 106RELATIONAL DATABASES- most databases have more than one table storing their data
- therefore, tables need to be linked to create a 'relational database'
- FOREIGN KEY is a key used to link two tables together - 107ONLINE DATABASE- a database which can be accessed from all over the world
e.g. Amazon - 108LOCAL DATABASE- a database held in a network to keep it secure
e.g. lliswerry highschool, doctors office - 109DBMS- database management system
- software that allows you to create your own database
- handles security
- can also allow for different levels of access - 110SQL- the language sued to create + search databases
- uses DDL which sets up tables + rows
- also uses DML for updates + search queries - 111DATA VALIDATION- presence check: ensures data is entered into field and not left blank
- range check: used to ensure data falls into a set range
- format check: used to ensure data is in right format
- check digit: used to ensure the data received is the same as data transmitted - 112HTML TAGS= bold text
= italic text
= paragraph
= image
= hyper text reference
= list
= underline text
= hyper text markup language
= main content in the page
= heading 1 - 113THREATS TO DATA
- 114HOW TO PROTECT DATA
- 115PROTECTION FROM OPPORTUNISTS- make sure you have logged off accounts
- 116PROTECTION FROM VIRUS- be weary of random emails
- don't click on sketchy adverts - 117PROTECTION FROM MALWARE- install firewalls to protect your data from data stealing tools/software
- 118PROTECTION FROM PHISHING- two step verification
- don't take their advice to install apps
- phone them back - 119PROTECTION FROM ACCIDENTAL DAMAGE- have backup/recovery data
- 120PROTECTION FROM HACKERS- encrypt your data so its harder to access
- 121DATA PROTECTION ACT- it forces organizations to protects the data they keep about people
- has 8 principles
- can be fined if not followed - 122COMPUTOR MISUSE ACT- targets hackers and virus creators
- mainly target 'un-authorised access' - 123COPYRIGHT, DESIGNS AND PATENTS ACT- prevents piracy
- protects rights of song makers, music makers ect
- so use without permission is illeagal - 124FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT- gives people right to access information about people
- anyone can make FOI request
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- BTEC IT Karteikarten am IT FLASHCARDS, erstellt von Sybil Gill am 16/11/2021.
- Erstellt von
- Sybil Gill · Nov 2021
- Aktualisiert
- 20 Jan 2022
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