Karteikarten
exam 3
Karten in diesem Stapel (32)
- 1Head InjuriesScalp wounds – bleed a lot because the scalp has many blood vessels
Skull fractures – break or crack in the cranium
Brain injuries – bleeding from the brain - 2care for scalp woundsApply direct pressure with a dry dressing
Keep head and shoulders slightly elevated if spinal injury is not suspected
Seek medical care - 3Brain InjuriesInjury to the brain can cause short and long term problems
Mishandling a victim could result in permanent damage or death
The brain will swell from bleeding when it is injured, and swelling can interfere with brain functioning - 4types of brain injuriesContusion – direct blow to head
Coup-contrecoup – blow to head that causes a contusion at site of impact and hits brain to opposite side of head
Diffuse axonal – shaking or strong rotation of the head that causes a tearing injury
Penetration – bullet, knife, or sharp object enters brain - 5Eye avulsionsWhen the eye is knocked out of its socket
- 6Care for nosebleedsKeep head higher than heart
Sit and lean slightly forward or lying back with head slightly elevated
Pinch soft parts of nose together
Continue compressing for 5-10 minutes
Apply ice pack to the nose and cheeks - 7Care for loosened toothBite down on a piece of gauze
Consult a dentist or an oral surgeon - 8Time in which a tooth can be re-implanted30 minutes
- 9Amount of head injury victims that also have a spinal injury15-20%
- 10Signs and symptoms of spinal injuryPain radiating into arms and legs
Neck and back pain
Numbness, tingling, weakness, burning, or lessened sensation in arms and legs
Loss of bowel or bladder control
Paralysis of arms and legs
Deformity - 11Care for rib fracturesHelp victim find comfortable position
Stabilize ribs with pillow
Give pain meds
Seek medical care - 12Care for protruding organsCall 911
Keep victim in comfortable position
Cover protruding organs with moist, sterile dressing
Treat for shock - 13Types of fracturesTransverse – cut across the bone at right angles
Greenstick – incomplete fracture
Spiral – usually result from twisting injury
Oblique – cross the bone in a slanting direction
Comminuted – bone is fragmented into more than two pieces
Impacted – broken ends are jamed together - 14DOTSDeformity
Open wounds
Tenderness
Swelling - 15What is a jointWhere 2 or more bones come together
- 16What is a dislocationOccurs when joint comes apart and stays apart with the bone ends no longer in contact
- 17Difference between sprains and strainsSprain – when a joint is twisted or stretched beyond its normal range of motion
Strain – muscle pull , when a muscle is stretched beyond its normal range of motion and tears - 18Joints that are most often sprainedknees and ankles
- 19R.I.C.E.Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation - 20Guidelines for application of icedon’t place directly on skin
use elastic bandage to hold ice pack - 21Rule of thirdsCheck above injured extremities joint, below it, and then at the joint
- 22CSMCirculation
Sensation
Movement - 23Difference between Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s ElbowTennis elbow –inflammation of the tendons on the outer side of the elbow
Golfers elbow – pain is on the inside of the elbow - 24Hip fracturesFracture of the upper end of the femur
- 25Shin splintsPain in the front of the lower leg or shin
- 26Purpose of splintingReduce pain
Prevent damage to muscles, nerves, and blood vessels
Prevent a closed fracture from becoming an open fracture
Reduce bleeding and swelling
Prevent a fractured bone from moving into soft tissues - 27Types of splintsRigid splint
Soft splint
Self-splint, or anatomic splint - 28Application of a slingHold arm slightly away from chest with wrist and hand slightly higher then tip of elbow
- 29What to do if an injured part of the body is bent?Place a rigid splint from the upper arm to the wrist
Tie a rigid splint onto the arm with cravat bandages
Place arm in sling
Check CSM - 30Splinting of a straight knee with a rigid splintLift leg and place splint under the leg
Place cravat bandages under the splint
Place soft padding under knee and ankle
Tie cravat bandages - 31Stabilization of the lower leg with a rigid splintPlace padding between legs
Push the cravat bandages under the leg with a thin board
Tie legs together
Tie knots between the legs, over the padding
Place splint on the outside and inside
Push cravat bandages under the leg with a thin board
Tie both splints and leg together with cravat bandages
Tie knots on top of the splint - 32Application of a compression or roller bandage (in which direction do you wrap?)Toward inside of body
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- none KNR 180 Karteikarten am exam 3, erstellt von Megan Henrichs am 28/03/2016.
- Erstellt von
- Megan Henrichs
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